Answering questions from the questionaire doc here.
Yes. It provides access to the clipboard (protected behind a Permission).
Possibly. The clipboard can contain any data (although the API is currently limited to only accessing text data). But this could be passwords or other sensitive information.
3.3 Does this specification introduce new state for an origin that persists across browsing sessions?
No.
No.
3.5. Does this specification expose any other data to an origin that it doesn’t currently have access to?
No.
No.
No.
No.
3.9. Does this specification allow an origin access to aspects of a user’s local computing environment?
Yes. It provides access to the system clipboard.
No.
3.11. Does this specification allow an origin some measure of control over a user agent’s native UI?
No.
No.
No.
The same as outside of incognito.
No.
3.16. Does this specification have a "Security Considerations" and "Privacy Considerations" section?
Yes.
No.
This API is only available in Secure contexts
A Clipboard permission is defined so that the user agents can give the user control over which sites can use this feature.