diff --git a/opennlp-coref/pom.xml b/opennlp-coref/pom.xml index 0bf1626d..394a2110 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/pom.xml +++ b/opennlp-coref/pom.xml @@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ net.sf.extjwnl extjwnl-data-wn31 1.2 + runtime diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterTool.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterTool.java index 6e5c87aa..4920d18f 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterTool.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterTool.java @@ -20,7 +20,15 @@ import opennlp.tools.cmdline.AbstractConverterTool; import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSample; import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSampleStreamFactory; +import opennlp.tools.postag.POSSample; +/** + * Tool to convert multiple data formats into native OpenNLP Coref training format. + * + * @see AbstractConverterTool + * @see CorefSample + * @see CorefSampleStreamFactory + */ public class CoreferenceConverterTool extends AbstractConverterTool { public CoreferenceConverterTool() { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTool.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTool.java index 9cab3ee4..400e7d97 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTool.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTool.java @@ -104,9 +104,10 @@ private void show(Parse p) { } } } - + + @Override public String getShortDescription() { - return "learnable noun phrase coreferencer"; + return "Learnable Noun Phrase Coreferencer"; } @Override diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerTool.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerTool.java index 30ea947c..d1e9174a 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerTool.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerTool.java @@ -20,26 +20,38 @@ import java.io.IOException; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.AbstractTrainerTool; +import opennlp.tools.cmdline.CmdLineUtil; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.TerminateToolException; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.coref.CoreferencerTrainerTool.TrainerToolParams; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.params.TrainingToolParams; import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSample; import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefTrainer; +import opennlp.tools.util.model.ModelUtil; public class CoreferencerTrainerTool extends AbstractTrainerTool { - public interface TrainerToolParams extends TrainingParams, TrainingToolParams { + interface TrainerToolParams extends TrainingParams, TrainingToolParams { } public CoreferencerTrainerTool() { super(CorefSample.class, TrainerToolParams.class); } + @Override + public String getShortDescription() { + return "Trainer for a Learnable Noun Phrase Coreferencer"; + } + @Override public void run(String format, String[] args) { - super.run(format, args); + mlParams = CmdLineUtil.loadTrainingParameters(params.getParams(), false); + + if (mlParams == null) { + mlParams = ModelUtil.createDefaultTrainingParameters(); + } + try { CorefTrainer.train(params.getModel().toString(), sampleStream, true, true); } catch (IOException e) { @@ -47,9 +59,5 @@ public void run(String format, String[] args) { e.getMessage(), e); } } - - public static void main(String[] args) { - new CoreferencerTrainerTool(); - } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/TrainingParams.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/TrainingParams.java index d534d70f..efd90349 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/TrainingParams.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/TrainingParams.java @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import opennlp.tools.cmdline.params.BasicTrainingParams; /** - * TrainingParameters for Name Finder. + * TrainingParameters for Co-Referencer *

* Note: Do not use this class, internal use only! */ diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSample.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSample.java index 07f9ba80..19d95ebf 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSample.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSample.java @@ -20,16 +20,26 @@ import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; +import opennlp.tools.commons.Sample; import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; -public class CorefSample { +/** + * Encapsulates {@link Parse parses} that originate from parsing operation on text. + */ +public class CorefSample implements Sample { private final List parses; public CorefSample(List parses) { this.parses = parses; } - + + /** + * Converts the encapsulated {@link Parse parses} into + * {@link opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse Coref-related parse} instances. + * + * @return A list of converted Coref-related parses. + */ public List getParses() { List corefParses = new ArrayList<>(); @@ -41,22 +51,13 @@ public List getParses() { return corefParses; } - - @Override - public String toString() { - - StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); - - for (Parse parse : parses) { - parse.show(sb); - sb.append('\n'); - } - - sb.append('\n'); - - return sb.toString(); - } - + + /** + * Parses a given text sample into a {@link CorefSample}. + * + * @param corefSampleString A non-empty text fragment which can have multiple lines. + * @return A valid {@link CorefSample} instance. + */ public static CorefSample parse(String corefSampleString) { List parses = new ArrayList<>(); @@ -67,4 +68,15 @@ public static CorefSample parse(String corefSampleString) { return new CorefSample(parses); } + + @Override + public String toString() { + StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); + for (Parse parse : parses) { + parse.show(sb); + sb.append('\n'); + } + sb.append('\n'); + return sb.toString(); + } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStream.java index cccfe3a2..b5860210 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStream.java @@ -45,8 +45,7 @@ public CorefSample read() throws IOException { String document = samples.read(); if (document != null) { return CorefSample.parse(document); - } - else { + } else { return null; } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactory.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactory.java index 4fd0e6dd..6dbf8215 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactory.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactory.java @@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import java.io.IOException; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.ArgumentParser; -import opennlp.tools.cmdline.CmdLineUtil; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.ObjectStreamFactory; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.StreamFactoryRegistry; import opennlp.tools.cmdline.params.BasicFormatParams; @@ -55,16 +54,11 @@ public static void registerFactory() { public ObjectStream create(String[] args) { Parameters params = ArgumentParser.parse(args, Parameters.class); - CmdLineUtil.checkInputFile("Data", params.getData()); - final MarkableFileInputStreamFactory factory; try { - factory = new MarkableFileInputStreamFactory(params.getData()); + final MarkableFileInputStreamFactory factory = new MarkableFileInputStreamFactory(params.getData()); + return new CorefSampleDataStream(new ParagraphStream(new PlainTextByLineStream(factory, params.getEncoding()))); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException("Error finding specified input file!", e); - } - try (ObjectStream lineStream = new ParagraphStream(new PlainTextByLineStream( - factory, params.getEncoding()))) { - return new CorefSampleDataStream(lineStream); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("Error loading Coref samples from input data!", e); } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainer.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainer.java index bb5480c1..45b38cd3 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainer.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainer.java @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import java.util.List; import java.util.Stack; +import opennlp.tools.commons.Trainer; import opennlp.tools.coref.linker.DefaultLinker; import opennlp.tools.coref.linker.Linker; import opennlp.tools.coref.linker.LinkerMode; @@ -30,15 +31,22 @@ import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Mention; import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.MentionContext; import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.MentionFinder; -import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.MaxentResolver; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.GenderModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.NumberModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.SimilarityModel; -import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.TrainSimilarityModel; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.TrainModel; +import opennlp.tools.ml.AbstractTrainer; import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; -public class CorefTrainer { +/** + * A {@link Trainer} implementation for co-reference resolution models. + * + * @see Trainer + * @see CorefModel + * @see CorefSample + */ +public class CorefTrainer extends AbstractTrainer implements Trainer { private static boolean containsToken(String token, Parse p) { for (Parse node : p.getTagNodes()) { @@ -49,52 +57,41 @@ private static boolean containsToken(String token, Parse p) { } private static Mention[] getMentions(CorefSample sample, MentionFinder mentionFinder) { - List mentions = new ArrayList<>(); - for (opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse corefParse : sample.getParses()) { - Parse p = ((DefaultParse) corefParse).getParse(); - Mention[] extents = mentionFinder.getMentions(corefParse); - for (Mention extent : extents) { - if (extent.getParse() == null) { - Stack nodes = new Stack<>(); nodes.add(p); while (!nodes.isEmpty()) { - Parse node = nodes.pop(); - if (node.getSpan().equals(extent.getSpan()) && node.getType().startsWith("NML")) { DefaultParse corefParseNode = new DefaultParse(node, corefParse.getSentenceNumber()); extent.setParse(corefParseNode); extent.setId(corefParseNode.getEntityId()); break; } - nodes.addAll(Arrays.asList(node.getChildren())); } } } - mentions.addAll(Arrays.asList(extents)); } - return mentions.toArray(new Mention[0]); } public static void train(String modelDirectory, ObjectStream samples, boolean useTreebank, boolean useDiscourseModel) throws IOException { - TrainSimilarityModel simTrain = SimilarityModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/sim"); - TrainSimilarityModel genTrain = GenderModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/gen"); - TrainSimilarityModel numTrain = NumberModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/num"); - - useTreebank = true; + TrainModel simTrain = + SimilarityModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/sim"); + TrainModel genTrain = + GenderModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/gen"); + TrainModel numTrain = + NumberModel.trainModel(modelDirectory + "/coref/num"); Linker simLinker; @@ -115,35 +112,31 @@ public static void train(String modelDirectory, ObjectStream sample genTrain.setExtents(extentContexts); numTrain.setExtents(extentContexts); } - - simTrain.trainModel(); - genTrain.trainModel(); - numTrain.trainModel(); - - MaxentResolver.setSimilarityModel(SimilarityModel.testModel(modelDirectory + "/coref" + "/sim")); - - // Done with similarity training - - // Now train the linkers + + final SimilarityModel simModel = simTrain.trainModel(); + final GenderModel genderModel = genTrain.trainModel(); + final NumberModel numberModel = numTrain.trainModel(); + + // Done with similarity training, now train the linkers // Training data needs to be read in again and the stream must be reset samples.reset(); - // Now train linkers + // Now create linkers Linker trainLinker; if (useTreebank) { - trainLinker = new TreebankLinker(modelDirectory + "/coref/", LinkerMode.TRAIN, useDiscourseModel); - } - else { - trainLinker = new DefaultLinker(modelDirectory + "/coref/", LinkerMode.TRAIN, useDiscourseModel); + trainLinker = new TreebankLinker(modelDirectory, LinkerMode.TRAIN, + simModel, genderModel, numberModel, useDiscourseModel, -1); + } else { + trainLinker = new DefaultLinker(modelDirectory, LinkerMode.TRAIN, + simModel, genderModel, numberModel, useDiscourseModel, -1); } for (CorefSample sample = samples.read(); sample != null; sample = samples.read()) { - Mention[] mentions = getMentions(sample, trainLinker.getMentionFinder()); trainLinker.setEntities(mentions); } - trainLinker.train(); } + } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParse.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParse.java index 275da266..893186c9 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParse.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParse.java @@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; + import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; import opennlp.tools.parser.chunking.Parser; import opennlp.tools.util.Span; @@ -35,9 +38,11 @@ */ public class DefaultParse extends AbstractParse { + private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DefaultParse.class); + public static final String[] NAME_TYPES = {"person", "organization", "location", "date", "time", "percentage", "money"}; - + private final Parse parse; private final int sentenceNumber; private static final Set ENTITY_SET = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(NAME_TYPES)); @@ -136,8 +141,9 @@ private List createParses(Parse[] parses) { @Override public String getEntityType() { - if (ENTITY_SET.contains(parse.getType())) { - return parse.getType(); + String type = parse.getType(); + if (ENTITY_SET.contains(type)) { + return type; } else { return null; @@ -163,7 +169,7 @@ public opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse getParent() { return null; } else { - return new DefaultParse(parent,sentenceNumber); + return new DefaultParse(parent, sentenceNumber); } } @@ -171,8 +177,8 @@ public opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse getParent() { public boolean isNamedEntity() { // TODO: We should use here a special tag to, where - // the type can be extracted from. Then it just depends - // on the training data and not the values inside NAME_TYPES. + // the type can be extracted from. Then it just depends + // on the training data and not the values inside NAME_TYPES. return ENTITY_SET.contains(parse.getType()); } @@ -200,8 +206,9 @@ public int getEntityId() { if (type.contains("#")) { String numberString = type.substring(type.indexOf('#') + 1); return Integer.parseInt(numberString); - } - else { + } else if (sentenceNumber >= 0) { + return sentenceNumber; // compensation of no # was present + } else { return -1; } } @@ -228,7 +235,7 @@ else if (getSentenceNumber() > p.getSentenceNumber()) { if (parse.getSpan().getStart() == p.getSpan().getStart() && parse.getSpan().getEnd() == p.getSpan().getEnd()) { - System.out.println("Maybe incorrect measurement!"); + logger.trace("Maybe incorrect measurement!"); // get parent and update distance // if match return distance diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseElement.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseElement.java index 7ed7ed7e..a74ae013 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseElement.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseElement.java @@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ import opennlp.tools.util.ReverseListIterator; /** - * Represents an item in which can be put into a {@link DiscourseModel}. - * Objects which are to be placed in such a model should extend this class. + * Abstract form of an item which can be put into a {@link DiscourseModel}. * * @see DiscourseModel */ @@ -48,28 +47,23 @@ public DiscourseElement(MentionContext mention) { } /** - * Returns an iterator over the mentions which iterates through them - * based on which were most recently mentioned. - * @return the {@link Iterator}. + * @return Retrieves an {@link Iterator} over the mentions which iterates through them + * based on which were most recently mentioned.. */ public Iterator getRecentMentions() { return new ReverseListIterator<>(extents); } /** - * Returns an iterator over the mentions which iterates through them based on - * their occurrence in the document. - * - * @return the {@link Iterator} + * @return Retrieves an {@link Iterator} over the mentions which iterates through them + * based on their occurrence in the document. */ public Iterator getMentions() { return extents.listIterator(); } /** - * Returns the number of mentions in this element. - * - * @return number of mentions + * @return Retrieves the number of mentions in this element. */ public int getNumMentions() { return extents.size(); @@ -85,7 +79,7 @@ public void addMention(MentionContext mention) { } /** - * Returns the last mention for this element. For appositives this will be the + * Returns the last mention for this element. For appositives this will be the * first part of the appositive. * @return the last mention for this element. */ @@ -102,9 +96,7 @@ public void setId(int id) { } /** - * Returns the id associated with this element. - * - * @return the id associated with this element. + * @return Retrieves the id associated with this element. */ public int getId() { return id; diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseEntity.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseEntity.java index 193135b0..8079a40f 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseEntity.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DiscourseEntity.java @@ -22,26 +22,27 @@ import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.NumberEnum; /** - * Represents an entity in a {@link DiscourseModel}. + * A specialized {@link DiscourseElement} representing an entity in a {@link DiscourseModel}. * + * @see DiscourseElement * @see DiscourseModel */ public class DiscourseEntity extends DiscourseElement { - private String category = null; private GenderEnum gender; private double genderProb; private NumberEnum number; private double numberProb; /** - * Creates a new entity based on the specified mention and its specified gender and number properties. + * Instantiates a {@link DiscourseEntity} based on the specified mention and its specified gender and + * number properties. * * @param mention The first mention of this entity. - * @param gender The gender of this entity. - * @param genderProb The probability that the specified gender is correct. - * @param number The number for this entity. - * @param numberProb The probability that the specified number is correct. + * @param gender The {@link GenderEnum gender} of this entity. + * @param genderProb The probability that the specified gender is correct, in the range from {@code [0.0, ..., 1.0]}. + * @param number The {@link NumberEnum number} for this entity. + * @param numberProb The probability that the specified number is correct, in the range from {@code [0.0, ..., 1.0]}. */ public DiscourseEntity(MentionContext mention, GenderEnum gender, double genderProb, NumberEnum number, double numberProb) { @@ -53,73 +54,45 @@ public DiscourseEntity(MentionContext mention, GenderEnum gender, double genderP } /** - * Creates a new entity based on the specified mention. + * Instantiates a {@link DiscourseEntity} with unknown {@link GenderEnum gender} + * and {@link NumberEnum number} properties. * * @param mention The first mention of this entity. */ public DiscourseEntity(MentionContext mention) { - super(mention); - gender = GenderEnum.UNKNOWN; - number = NumberEnum.UNKNOWN; - } - - /** - * Returns the semantic category of this entity. - * This field is used to associated named-entity categories with an entity. - * - * @return the semantic category of this entity. - */ - public String getCategory() { - return (category); + this(mention, GenderEnum.UNKNOWN, 0.0d, NumberEnum.UNKNOWN, 0.0d); } /** - * Specifies the semantic category of this entity. - * - * @param cat The semantic category of the entity. - */ - public void setCategory(String cat) { - category = cat; - } - - /** - * Returns the gender associated with this entity. - * - * @return the gender associated with this entity. + * @return Retrieves the {@link GenderEnum gender} associated with this entity. */ public GenderEnum getGender() { return gender; } /** - * Returns the probability for the gender associated with this entity. - * - * @return the probability for the gender associated with this entity. + * @return Retrieves the probability for the {@link GenderEnum gender} associated with this entity. */ public double getGenderProbability() { return genderProb; } /** - * Returns the number associated with this entity. - * - * @return the number associated with this entity. + * @return Retrieves the {@link NumberEnum number} associated with this entity. */ public NumberEnum getNumber() { return number; } /** - * Returns the probability for the number associated with this entity. - * - * @return the probability for the number associated with this entity. + * @return Retrieves the probability for the {@link NumberEnum number} associated with this entity. */ public double getNumberProbability() { return numberProb; } /** - * Specifies the gender of this entity. + * Specifies the {@link GenderEnum gender} of this entity. * * @param gender The gender. */ @@ -128,27 +101,27 @@ public void setGender(GenderEnum gender) { } /** - * Specifies the probability of the gender of this entity. + * Specifies the probability of the {@link GenderEnum gender} of this entity. * - * @param p the probability of the gender of this entity. + * @param p the probability of the gender, in the range from {@code [0.0, ..., 1.0]}. */ public void setGenderProbability(double p) { genderProb = p; } /** - * Specifies the number of this entity. + * Specifies the {@link NumberEnum number} of this entity. * - * @param number + * @param number The {@link NumberEnum number}. */ public void setNumber(NumberEnum number) { this.number = number; } /** - * Specifies the probability of the number of this entity. + * Specifies the probability of the {@link NumberEnum number} of this entity. * - * @param p the probability of the number of this entity. + * @param p the probability of the number, in the range from {@code [0.0, ..., 1.0]}. */ public void setNumberProbability(double p) { numberProb = p; diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/AbstractLinker.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/AbstractLinker.java index 7ca95b70..aae7cb3f 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/AbstractLinker.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/AbstractLinker.java @@ -151,38 +151,37 @@ public HeadFinder getHeadFinder() { } /** - * Updates the specified discourse model with the specified mention as coreferent with the specified entity. - * @param dm The discourse model - * @param m The mention to be added to the specified entity. - * @param entity The entity which is mentioned by the specified mention. - * @param useDiscourseModel Whether the mentions should be kept as an entity or simply co-indexed. + * Updates the specified {@link DiscourseModel} with the specified mention as coreferent with the specified e. + * @param dm The {@link DiscourseModel}. + * @param m The {@link MentionContext mention} to be added to the specified {@code entity 'e'}. + * @param e The {@link DiscourseEntity} which is mentioned by the specified mention. + * @param useDiscourseModel Whether the mentions should be kept as an e or simply co-indexed. */ - protected void updateExtent(DiscourseModel dm, MentionContext m, DiscourseEntity entity, - boolean useDiscourseModel) { + protected void updateExtent(DiscourseModel dm, MentionContext m, DiscourseEntity e, boolean useDiscourseModel) { if (useDiscourseModel) { - if (entity != null) { + if (e != null) { logger.debug("Adding extent: {}", m.toText()); - if (entity.getGenderProbability() < m.getGenderProb()) { - entity.setGender(m.getGender()); - entity.setGenderProbability(m.getGenderProb()); + if (e.getGenderProbability() < m.getGenderProb()) { + e.setGender(m.getGender()); + e.setGenderProbability(m.getGenderProb()); } - if (entity.getNumberProbability() < m.getNumberProb()) { - entity.setNumber(m.getNumber()); - entity.setNumberProbability(m.getNumberProb()); + if (e.getNumberProbability() < m.getNumberProb()) { + e.setNumber(m.getNumber()); + e.setNumberProbability(m.getNumberProb()); } - entity.addMention(m); - dm.mentionEntity(entity); + e.addMention(m); + dm.mentionEntity(e); } else { logger.debug("Creating Extent: {} {} {}", m.toText(), m.getGender(), m.getNumber()); - entity = new DiscourseEntity(m, m.getGender(), m.getGenderProb(), m.getNumber(), m.getNumberProb()); - dm.addEntity(entity); + e = new DiscourseEntity(m, m.getGender(), m.getGenderProb(), m.getNumber(), m.getNumberProb()); + dm.addEntity(e); } } else { - if (entity != null) { + if (e != null) { DiscourseEntity newEntity = new DiscourseEntity(m, m.getGender(), m.getGenderProb(), m.getNumber(), m.getNumberProb()); dm.addEntity(newEntity); - newEntity.setId(entity.getId()); + newEntity.setId(e.getId()); } else { DiscourseEntity newEntity = @@ -246,33 +245,35 @@ public MentionContext[] constructMentionContexts(Mention[] mentions) { MentionContext[] contexts = new MentionContext[mentions.length]; for (int mi = 0,mn = mentions.length;mi < mn; mi++) { Parse mentionParse = mentions[mi].getParse(); - logger.debug("Constructing MentionContexts: mentionParse = {}", mentionParse); if (mentionParse == null) { - logger.warn("no parse for {}", mentions[mi]); - } - int sentenceIndex = mentionParse.getSentenceNumber(); - if (sentenceIndex != prevSentenceIndex) { - mentionInSentenceIndex = 0; - prevSentenceIndex = sentenceIndex; - numMentionsInSentence = 0; - for (int msi = mi; msi < mentions.length; msi++) { - if (sentenceIndex != mentions[msi].getParse().getSentenceNumber()) { - break; + logger.warn("No parse for {}", mentions[mi]); + } else { + logger.debug("Constructing MentionContexts: mentionParse = {}", mentionParse); + int sentenceIndex = mentionParse.getSentenceNumber(); + if (sentenceIndex != prevSentenceIndex) { + mentionInSentenceIndex = 0; + prevSentenceIndex = sentenceIndex; + numMentionsInSentence = 0; + for (int msi = mi; msi < mentions.length; msi++) { + Parse p = mentions[msi].getParse(); + if (p != null && sentenceIndex != p.getSentenceNumber()) { + break; + } + numMentionsInSentence++; } - numMentionsInSentence++; } - } - contexts[mi] = new MentionContext(mentions[mi], mentionInSentenceIndex, - numMentionsInSentence, mi, sentenceIndex, getHeadFinder()); - logger.debug("Constructing MentionContexts:: mi={} sn={} extent={} parse={} mc={}", - mi, mentionParse.getSentenceNumber(), mentions[mi], mentionParse.getSpan(), contexts[mi].toText()); - contexts[mi].setId(mentions[mi].getId()); - mentionInSentenceIndex++; - if (mode != LinkerMode.SIM) { - Gender g = computeGender(contexts[mi]); - contexts[mi].setGender(g.getType(),g.getConfidence()); - Number n = computeNumber(contexts[mi]); - contexts[mi].setNumber(n.getType(),n.getConfidence()); + contexts[mi] = new MentionContext(mentions[mi], mentionInSentenceIndex, + numMentionsInSentence, mi, sentenceIndex, getHeadFinder()); + logger.debug("Constructing MentionContexts:: mi={} sn={} extent={} parse={} mc={}", + mi, mentionParse.getSentenceNumber(), mentions[mi], mentionParse.getSpan(), contexts[mi].toText()); + contexts[mi].setId(mentions[mi].getId()); + mentionInSentenceIndex++; + if (mode != LinkerMode.SIM) { + Gender g = computeGender(contexts[mi]); + contexts[mi].setGender(g.getType(),g.getConfidence()); + Number n = computeNumber(contexts[mi]); + contexts[mi].setNumber(n.getType(),n.getConfidence()); + } } } return (contexts); diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/DefaultLinker.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/DefaultLinker.java index 1379ee37..d113b339 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/DefaultLinker.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/DefaultLinker.java @@ -38,8 +38,10 @@ import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.SingularPronounResolver; import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.SpeechPronounResolver; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.Gender; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.GenderModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.MaxentCompatibilityModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.Number; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.NumberModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.SimilarityModel; import org.slf4j.Logger; @@ -58,7 +60,11 @@ public class DefaultLinker extends AbstractLinker { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DefaultLinker.class); - protected MaxentCompatibilityModel mcm; + private final SimilarityModel similarityModel; + private final GenderModel genderModel; + private final NumberModel numberModel; + + private MaxentCompatibilityModel mcm; /** * Instantiates a {@link DefaultLinker} with the specified model directory, @@ -94,20 +100,44 @@ public DefaultLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, boolean useDiscourseModel * @param modelDir The directory in which the coref model files are located. * @param mode The {@link LinkerMode mode} that this linker is running in. * @param useDiscourseModel Whether the model should use a discourse model or not. - * @param fixedNonReferentialProbability The probability which resolvers are - * required to exceed a positive coreference relationship. + * @param fixedNonRefProbability The probability which resolvers are + * required to exceed a positive coreference relationship. * @throws IOException Thrown if the models can not be read or written to based on the mode. */ public DefaultLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, boolean useDiscourseModel, - double fixedNonReferentialProbability) throws IOException { - super(modelDir, mode, useDiscourseModel); + double fixedNonRefProbability) throws IOException { + this(modelDir, mode, null, null, null, useDiscourseModel, fixedNonRefProbability); if (mode != LinkerMode.SIM) { mcm = new MaxentCompatibilityModel(corefProject, mode); } + } + + /** + * Instantiates a {@link DefaultLinker} with the specified model directory, + * running in the specified {@link LinkerMode mode} which uses a discourse model + * based on the specified parameter and uses the specified fixed non-referential probability. + * + * @param modelDir The directory in which the coref model files are located. + * @param mode The {@link LinkerMode mode} that this linker is running in. + * @param simModel The {@link SimilarityModel similarity model} to use. + * @param genModel The {@link GenderModel gender model} to use. + * @param numModel The {@link NumberModel number model} to use. + * @param useDiscourseModel Whether the model should use a discourse model or not. + * @param fixedNonRefProbability The probability which resolvers are + * required to exceed a positive coreference relationship. + * @throws IOException Thrown if the models can not be read or written to based on the mode. + */ + public DefaultLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, SimilarityModel simModel, + GenderModel genModel, NumberModel numModel, + boolean useDiscourseModel, double fixedNonRefProbability) throws IOException { + super(modelDir, mode, useDiscourseModel); + this.similarityModel = simModel; + this.genderModel = genModel; + this.numberModel = numModel; initHeadFinder(); initMentionFinder(); if (mode != LinkerMode.SIM) { - initResolvers(mode, fixedNonReferentialProbability); + initResolvers(mode, fixedNonRefProbability); entities = new DiscourseEntity[resolvers.length]; } } @@ -189,11 +219,19 @@ protected void initMentionFinder() { @Override protected Gender computeGender(MentionContext mention) { - return mcm.computeGender(mention); + if (genderModel != null) { + return genderModel.computeGender(mention); + } else { + return mcm.computeGender(mention); + } } @Override protected Number computeNumber(MentionContext mention) { - return mcm.computeNumber(mention); + if (numberModel != null) { + return numberModel.computeNumber(mention); + } else { + return mcm.computeNumber(mention); + } } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/TreebankLinker.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/TreebankLinker.java index 3be5c305..c6351900 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/TreebankLinker.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/linker/TreebankLinker.java @@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ import java.io.IOException; import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.PTBMentionFinder; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.GenderModel; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.NumberModel; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.SimilarityModel; /** * This class perform coreference for treebank style parses. @@ -76,7 +79,28 @@ public TreebankLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, boolean useDiscourseMode */ public TreebankLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, boolean useDiscourseModel, double fixedNonReferentialProbability) throws IOException { - super(modelDir, mode, useDiscourseModel,fixedNonReferentialProbability); + super(modelDir, mode, useDiscourseModel, fixedNonReferentialProbability); + } + + /** + * Instantiates a {@link TreebankLinker} with the specified model directory, + * running in the specified {@link LinkerMode mode} which uses a discourse model + * based on the specified parameter and uses the specified fixed non-referential probability. + * + * @param modelDir The directory in which the coref model files are located. + * @param mode The {@link LinkerMode mode} that this linker is running in. + * @param simModel The {@link SimilarityModel similarity model} to use. + * @param genModel The {@link GenderModel gender model} to use. + * @param numModel The {@link NumberModel number model} to use. + * @param useDiscourseModel Whether the model should use a discourse model or not. + * @param fixedNonRefProbability The probability which resolvers are + * required to exceed a positive coreference relationship. + * @throws IOException Thrown if the models can not be read or written to based on the mode. + */ + public TreebankLinker(String modelDir, LinkerMode mode, SimilarityModel simModel, + GenderModel genModel, NumberModel numModel, + boolean useDiscourseModel, double fixedNonRefProbability) throws IOException { + super(modelDir, mode, simModel, genModel, numModel, useDiscourseModel, fixedNonRefProbability); } @Override diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/AbstractMentionFinder.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/AbstractMentionFinder.java index 8413bdfa..650d42bc 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/AbstractMentionFinder.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/AbstractMentionFinder.java @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ private void collectCoordinatedNounPhraseMentions(Parse np, List entiti if (ti - 1 >= 0 && (npTokens.get(ti - 1)).getSyntacticType().startsWith("NN")) { Span npSpan = new Span((npTokens.get(ti + 1)).getSpan().getStart(), npTokens.get(lastNpTokenIndex).getSpan().getEnd()); - Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), null,"CNP"); + Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), tok, "CNP"); entities.add(snpExtent); logger.debug("Adding extent for conjunction in: {} preceded by {}", np, npTokens.get(ti-1).getSyntacticType()); @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ else if (inCoordinatedNounPhrase && tokStr.equals(",")) { if (lastNpTokenIndex != ti) { Span npSpan = new Span((npTokens.get(ti + 1)).getSpan().getStart(), npTokens.get(lastNpTokenIndex).getSpan().getEnd()); - Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), null,"CNP"); + Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), tok ,"CNP"); entities.add(snpExtent); logger.debug("Adding extent for comma in: {}", np); } @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ else if (inCoordinatedNounPhrase && tokStr.equals(",")) { else if (inCoordinatedNounPhrase && ti == 0 && lastNpTokenIndex >= 0) { Span npSpan = new Span((npTokens.get(ti)).getSpan().getStart(), npTokens.get(lastNpTokenIndex).getSpan().getEnd()); - Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), null,"CNP"); + Mention snpExtent = new Mention(npSpan, npSpan, tok.getEntityId(), tok, "CNP"); entities.add(snpExtent); logger.debug("Adding extent for start coord in: {}", np); } @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ private void collectPossessivePronouns(Parse np, List entities) { } if (tok.getSyntacticType().startsWith("PRP") && handledPronoun(tok.toString())) { Mention ppExtent = new Mention(tok.getSpan(), tok.getSpan(), - tok.getEntityId(), null,Linker.PRONOUN_MODIFIER); + tok.getEntityId(), tok, Linker.PRONOUN_MODIFIER); logger.debug("CollectPossessivePronouns: adding possessive pronoun: {} {}", tok, tok.getEntityId()); entities.add(ppExtent); logger.debug("Adding pos-pro: {}", ppExtent); @@ -271,22 +271,18 @@ private void clearMentions(Set mentions, Parse np) { private Mention[] collectMentions(List nps, Map headMap) { List mentions = new ArrayList<>(nps.size()); Set recentMentions = new HashSet<>(); - logger.debug("CollectMentions: {}", headMap); for (Parse np : nps) { logger.debug("CollectMentions: {} head={}", np, headMap.get(np)); if (!isHeadOfExistingMention(np, headMap, recentMentions)) { clearMentions(recentMentions, np); if (!isPartOfName(np)) { Parse head = headFinder.getLastHead(np); - Mention extent = new Mention(np.getSpan(), head.getSpan(), head.getEntityId(), np, null); + // determine name-entity type + String nameType = headFinder.getHeadToken(head).getSyntacticType(); + Mention extent = new Mention(np.getSpan(), head.getSpan(), head.getEntityId(), np, null, nameType); logger.debug("Adding {} with head {}", np, head); mentions.add(extent); recentMentions.add(np); - // determine name-entity type - String entityType = getEntityType(headFinder.getHeadToken(head)); - if (entityType != null) { - extent.setNameType(entityType); - } } else { logger.debug("CollectMentions excluding np as part of name. np={}", np); } @@ -318,14 +314,14 @@ private void collectPrenominalNamedEntities(Parse np, List extents) { for (Parse ne : nes) { if (!ne.getSpan().contains(headTokenSpan)) { logger.debug("Adding extent for prenominal ne: {}", ne); - Mention extent = new Mention(ne.getSpan(), ne.getSpan(), ne.getEntityId(), null, "NAME"); - extent.setNameType(ne.getEntityType()); + Mention extent = new Mention(ne.getSpan(), ne.getSpan(), ne.getEntityId(), + null, "NAME", ne.getEntityType()); extents.add(extent); } } } - private String getEntityType(Parse headToken) { + String getEntityType(Parse headToken) { String entityType; for (Parse parent = headToken.getParent(); parent != null; parent = parent.getParent()) { entityType = parent.getEntityType(); diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/Mention.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/Mention.java index e13c2e21..1101c549 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/Mention.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/Mention.java @@ -57,11 +57,7 @@ public class Mention implements Comparable { protected String nameType; public Mention(Span span, Span headSpan, int entityId, Parse parse, String extentType) { - this.span = span; - this.headSpan = headSpan; - this.id = entityId; - this.type = extentType; - this.parse = parse; + this(span, headSpan, entityId, parse, extentType, null); } public Mention(Span span, Span headSpan, int entityId, Parse parse, String extentType, String nameType) { @@ -74,43 +70,33 @@ public Mention(Span span, Span headSpan, int entityId, Parse parse, String exten } public Mention(Mention mention) { - this(mention.span,mention.headSpan,mention.id,mention.parse,mention.type,mention.nameType); + this(mention.span, mention.headSpan, mention.id, mention.parse, mention.type, mention.nameType); } /** - * Returns the character offsets for this extent. - * - * @return The span representing the character offsets of this extent. + * @return The {@link Span} representing the character offsets of this extent. */ public Span getSpan() { return span; } /** - * Returns the character offsets for the head of this extent. - * - * @return The span representing the character offsets for the head of this extent. + * @return The {@link Span} representing the character offsets for the head of this extent. */ public Span getHeadSpan() { return headSpan; } /** - * Returns the parse node that this extent is based on. - * - * @return The parse node that this extent is based on or null if the extent is newly created. + * @return The {@link Parse} node that this extent is based on or {@code null} + * if the extent is newly created. */ public Parse getParse() { return parse; } - @Override - public int compareTo(Mention e) { - return span.compareTo(e.span); - } - /** - * Specifies the parse for this mention. + * Specifies the {@link Parse} for a mention. * @param parse The parse for this mention. */ public void setParse(Parse parse) { @@ -118,23 +104,12 @@ public void setParse(Parse parse) { } /** - * Returns the named-entity category associated with this mention. - * - * @return the named-entity category associated with this mention. + * @return Retrieves the named-entity category associated with this mention. */ public String getNameType() { return nameType; } - - /** - * Specifies the named-entity category associated with this mention. - * - * @param nameType the named-entity category associated with this mention. - */ - protected void setNameType(String nameType) { - this.nameType = nameType; - } - + /** * Associates an id with this mention. * @@ -145,14 +120,18 @@ public void setId(int i) { } /** - * Returns the id associated with this mention. - * - * @return the id associated with this mention. + * @return Retrieves the id associated with this mention. */ public int getId() { return id; } + + @Override + public int compareTo(Mention e) { + return span.compareTo(e.span); + } + @Override public String toString() { return "mention(span=" + span + ",hs=" + headSpan + ", type=" diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContext.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContext.java index 14bcd930..d8db7ee2 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContext.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContext.java @@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ public MentionContext(Span span, Span headSpan, int entityId, Parse parse, Strin prevToken = parse.getPreviousToken(); nextToken = parse.getNextToken(); head = headFinder.getLastHead(parse); + logger.debug("Constructing MentionContext for '{}' id={} head={}", parse, parse.getEntityId(), head); List headTokens = head.getTokens(); tokens = headTokens.toArray(new Parse[0]); basalNextToken = head.getNextToken(); - logger.debug("Constructing MentionContext for '{}' id={} head={}", parse, parse.getEntityId(), head); nonDescriptorStart = 0; initHeads(headFinder.getHeadIndex(head)); gender = GenderEnum.UNKNOWN; @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public String getHeadText() { for (Object token : tokens) { headText.append(" ").append(token.toString()); } - return headText.toString().substring(1); + return headText.substring(1); } public Parse getHead() { @@ -237,14 +237,14 @@ public Parse getNextTokenBasal() { return basalNextToken; } - public Parse getPreviousToken() { - return prevToken; - } - public Parse getNextToken() { return nextToken; } + public Parse getPreviousToken() { + return prevToken; + } + /** * @return Retrieves the index of the sentence which contains this mention. */ diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/MaxentResolver.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/MaxentResolver.java index 8411158b..6dd2d303 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/MaxentResolver.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/MaxentResolver.java @@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; -import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; @@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ import opennlp.tools.coref.DiscourseEntity; import opennlp.tools.coref.DiscourseModel; import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.MentionContext; -import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.PTBHeadFinder; import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.TestSimilarityModel; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISModel; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISTrainer; @@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ public abstract class MaxentResolver extends AbstractResolver { protected boolean useSameModelForNonRef; private static TestSimilarityModel simModel = null; - + /** The model for computing non-referential probabilities. */ protected NonReferentialResolver nonReferentialResolver; @@ -379,6 +377,7 @@ public void train() throws IOException { } } + @Deprecated public static void setSimilarityModel(TestSimilarityModel sm) { simModel = sm; } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/SingletonNonReferentialResolver.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/SingletonNonReferentialResolver.java deleted file mode 100644 index d625839b..00000000 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/resolver/SingletonNonReferentialResolver.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,55 +0,0 @@ -/* - * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more - * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with - * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. - * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 - * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with - * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - */ - - -package opennlp.tools.coref.resolver; - -import java.io.IOException; - -/** - * This class allows you to share a single instance of a non-referential resolver - * among several resolvers. - * - * @see NonReferentialResolver - * @see DefaultNonReferentialResolver - */ -public class SingletonNonReferentialResolver extends DefaultNonReferentialResolver { - - private static SingletonNonReferentialResolver resolver; - private static boolean trained; - - private SingletonNonReferentialResolver(String modelDirectory, ResolverMode mode) throws IOException { - super(modelDirectory, "nonref", mode); - } - - public static SingletonNonReferentialResolver getInstance(String modelDirectory, ResolverMode mode) - throws IOException { - if (resolver == null) { - resolver = new SingletonNonReferentialResolver(modelDirectory, mode); - } - return resolver; - } - - - @Override - public void train() throws IOException { - if (!trained) { - super.train(); - trained = true; - } - } -} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderEnum.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderEnum.java index bb1811f7..7d620a97 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderEnum.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderEnum.java @@ -20,19 +20,16 @@ /** * Enumeration of gender types. */ -public class GenderEnum { - private final String gender; +public enum GenderEnum { + + MALE("male"), + FEMALE("female"), + NEUTER("neuter"), + UNKNOWN("unknown"); - /** Male gender. */ - public static final GenderEnum MALE = new GenderEnum("male"); - /** Female gender. */ - public static final GenderEnum FEMALE = new GenderEnum("female"); - /** Neuter gender. */ - public static final GenderEnum NEUTER = new GenderEnum("neuter"); - /** Unknown gender. */ - public static final GenderEnum UNKNOWN = new GenderEnum("unknown"); + private final String gender; - private GenderEnum(String g) { + GenderEnum(String g) { gender = g; } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderModel.java index 097a30b6..a339d669 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/GenderModel.java @@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; -import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.Writer; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.nio.file.Files; @@ -37,8 +36,10 @@ import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; + import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.ResolverUtils; -import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.SpeechPronounResolver; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISModel; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISTrainer; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.io.BinaryGISModelReader; @@ -47,28 +48,27 @@ import opennlp.tools.ml.model.MaxentModel; import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStreamUtils; import opennlp.tools.util.TrainingParameters; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * Class which models the gender of a particular mentions and entities made up of mentions. */ -public class GenderModel implements TestGenderModel, TrainSimilarityModel { +public class GenderModel implements TestGenderModel, TrainModel { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GenderModel.class); - - private int maleIndex; - private int femaleIndex; - private int neuterIndex; + private static final double MIN_GENDER_PROB = 0.66; private final String modelName; - private final String modelExtension = ".bin"; - private MaxentModel testModel; + private MaxentModel meModel; private Collection events; private final boolean debugOn = true; - private final Set maleNames; - private final Set femaleNames; + private Set maleNames; + private Set femaleNames; + + // TODO Note those need to be written / serialized to the binary model file + private int maleIndex; + private int femaleIndex; + private int neuterIndex; public static GenderModel testModel(String name) throws IOException { return new GenderModel(name, false); @@ -90,18 +90,17 @@ private Set readNames(String nameFile) throws IOException { private GenderModel(String modelName, boolean train) throws IOException { this.modelName = modelName; - maleNames = readNames(modelName + ".mas"); - femaleNames = readNames(modelName + ".fem"); if (train) { + maleNames = readNames(modelName + ".mas"); + femaleNames = readNames(modelName + ".fem"); events = new ArrayList<>(); - } - else { + } else { try (DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream( - new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + modelExtension)))) { - testModel = new BinaryGISModelReader(dis).getModel(); - maleIndex = testModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.MALE.toString()); - femaleIndex = testModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.FEMALE.toString()); - neuterIndex = testModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.NEUTER.toString()); + new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)))) { + meModel = new BinaryGISModelReader(dis).getModel(); + maleIndex = meModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.MALE.toString()); + femaleIndex = meModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.FEMALE.toString()); + neuterIndex = meModel.getIndex(GenderEnum.NEUTER.toString()); } } } @@ -147,13 +146,14 @@ private void addEvent(String outcome, Context np1) { * @return The heuristically determined gender or unknown. */ private GenderEnum getGender(Context mention) { - if (ResolverUtils.MALE_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(mention.getHeadTokenText()).matches()) { + final String tokenText = mention.getHeadTokenText(); + if (ResolverUtils.MALE_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(tokenText).matches()) { return GenderEnum.MALE; } - else if (ResolverUtils.FEMALE_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(mention.getHeadTokenText()).matches()) { + else if (ResolverUtils.FEMALE_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(tokenText).matches()) { return GenderEnum.FEMALE; } - else if (ResolverUtils.NEUTER_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(mention.getHeadTokenText()).matches()) { + else if (ResolverUtils.NEUTER_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(tokenText).matches()) { return GenderEnum.NEUTER; } Object[] mtokens = mention.getTokens(); @@ -170,28 +170,18 @@ else if (token.equals("Mrs.") || token.equals("Mrs") || token.equals("Ms.") || t return GenderEnum.UNKNOWN; } - private GenderEnum getGender(List entity) { - for (Context ec : entity) { - GenderEnum ge = getGender(ec); - if (ge != GenderEnum.UNKNOWN) { - return ge; - } - } - - return GenderEnum.UNKNOWN; - } - @Override - @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { HashMap entities = new HashMap<>(); List singletons = new ArrayList<>(); for (Context ec : extentContexts) { - logger.debug("GenderModel.setExtents: ec({}) {}", ec.getId(), ec); - if (ec.getId() != -1) { - entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); - } else { - singletons.add(ec); + if (ec != null) { + logger.debug("GenderModel.setExtents: ec({}) {}", ec.getId(), ec); + if (ec.getId() != -1) { + entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); + } else { + singletons.add(ec); + } } } List males = new ArrayList<>(); @@ -199,15 +189,15 @@ public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { List eunuches = new ArrayList<>(); //coref entities for (Integer key : entities.keySet()) { - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(key); - GenderEnum gender = getGender(entityContexts); + Context entityContext = entities.get(key); + GenderEnum gender = getGender(entityContext); if (gender != null) { if (gender == GenderEnum.MALE) { - males.addAll(entityContexts); + males.add(entityContext); } else if (gender == GenderEnum.FEMALE) { - females.addAll(entityContexts); + females.add(entityContext); } else if (gender == GenderEnum.NEUTER) { - eunuches.addAll(entityContexts); + eunuches.add(entityContext); } } } @@ -233,34 +223,37 @@ public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { } } - // TODO Extract a Test case from this example - public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { - if (args.length == 0) { - logger.info("Usage: GenderModel modelName < tiger/NN bear/NN"); - System.exit(1); - } - String modelName = args[0]; - GenderModel model = new GenderModel(modelName, false); - //Context.wn = new WordNet(System.getProperty("WNHOME"), true); - //Context.morphy = new Morphy(Context.wn); - BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); - for (String line = in.readLine(); line != null; line = in.readLine()) { - String[] words = line.split(" "); - double[] dist = model.genderDistribution(Context.parseContext(words[0])); - logger.debug("m={} f={} n={} {}", dist[model.getMaleIndex()], dist[model.getFemaleIndex()], - dist[model.getNeuterIndex()], model.getFeatures(Context.parseContext(words[0]))); - } - } - @Override public double[] genderDistribution(Context np1) { List features = getFeatures(np1); logger.debug("GenderDistribution: {}", features); - return testModel.eval(features.toArray(new String[0])); + return meModel.eval(features.toArray(new String[0])); + } + + public Gender computeGender(Context c) { + Gender gender; + double[] gdist = genderDistribution(c); + if (debugOn) { + logger.debug("Computing Gender: {} - m={} f={} n={}", c, gdist[getMaleIndex()], + gdist[getFemaleIndex()], gdist[getNeuterIndex()]); + } + if (getMaleIndex() >= 0 && gdist[getMaleIndex()] > MIN_GENDER_PROB) { + gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.MALE,gdist[getMaleIndex()]); + } + else if (getFemaleIndex() >= 0 && gdist[getFemaleIndex()] > MIN_GENDER_PROB) { + gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.FEMALE,gdist[getFemaleIndex()]); + } + else if (getNeuterIndex() >= 0 && gdist[getNeuterIndex()] > MIN_GENDER_PROB) { + gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.NEUTER,gdist[getNeuterIndex()]); + } + else { + gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.UNKNOWN, MIN_GENDER_PROB); + } + return gender; } @Override - public void trainModel() throws IOException { + public GenderModel trainModel() throws IOException { if (debugOn) { Path p = Path.of(modelName + ".events"); try (Writer writer = Files.newBufferedWriter(p, StandardCharsets.UTF_8, @@ -274,7 +267,9 @@ public void trainModel() throws IOException { trainer.init(TrainingParameters.defaultParams(), null); trainer.setSmoothing(true); GISModel trainedModel = trainer.trainModel(ObjectStreamUtils.createObjectStream(events)); - new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + modelExtension)).persist(); + this.meModel = trainedModel; + new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)).persist(); + return this; } @Override diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/MaxentCompatibilityModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/MaxentCompatibilityModel.java index 0272f589..c065c802 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/MaxentCompatibilityModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/MaxentCompatibilityModel.java @@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ package opennlp.tools.coref.sim; import opennlp.tools.coref.linker.LinkerMode; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import java.io.IOException; @@ -28,16 +26,9 @@ */ public class MaxentCompatibilityModel { - private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MaxentCompatibilityModel.class); - - private final double minGenderProb = 0.66; - private final double minNumberProb = 0.66; - private static GenderModel genModel; private static NumberModel numModel; - private final boolean debugOn = false; - public MaxentCompatibilityModel(String corefProject, LinkerMode mode) throws IOException { if (LinkerMode.TEST == mode) { genModel = GenderModel.testModel(corefProject + "/gen"); @@ -49,40 +40,10 @@ public MaxentCompatibilityModel(String corefProject, LinkerMode mode) throws IOE } public Gender computeGender(Context c) { - Gender gender; - double[] gdist = genModel.genderDistribution(c); - if (debugOn) { - logger.debug("Computing Gender: {} - m={} f={} n={}", c, gdist[genModel.getMaleIndex()], - gdist[genModel.getFemaleIndex()], gdist[genModel.getNeuterIndex()]); - } - if (genModel.getMaleIndex() >= 0 && gdist[genModel.getMaleIndex()] > minGenderProb) { - gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.MALE,gdist[genModel.getMaleIndex()]); - } - else if (genModel.getFemaleIndex() >= 0 && gdist[genModel.getFemaleIndex()] > minGenderProb) { - gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.FEMALE,gdist[genModel.getFemaleIndex()]); - } - else if (genModel.getNeuterIndex() >= 0 && gdist[genModel.getNeuterIndex()] > minGenderProb) { - gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.NEUTER,gdist[genModel.getNeuterIndex()]); - } - else { - gender = new Gender(GenderEnum.UNKNOWN,minGenderProb); - } - return gender; + return genModel.computeGender(c); } public Number computeNumber(Context c) { - double[] dist = numModel.numberDist(c); - Number number; - logger.debug("Computing number: {} sing={} plural={}", c, dist[numModel.getSingularIndex()], dist[numModel.getPluralIndex()]); - if (dist[numModel.getSingularIndex()] > minNumberProb) { - number = new Number(NumberEnum.SINGULAR,dist[numModel.getSingularIndex()]); - } - else if (dist[numModel.getPluralIndex()] > minNumberProb) { - number = new Number(NumberEnum.PLURAL,dist[numModel.getPluralIndex()]); - } - else { - number = new Number(NumberEnum.UNKNOWN,minNumberProb); - } - return number; + return numModel.computeNumber(c); } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberEnum.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberEnum.java index 8ec645e4..ceb0c8ba 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberEnum.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberEnum.java @@ -20,26 +20,15 @@ /** * Enumeration of number types. */ -public class NumberEnum { +public enum NumberEnum { + + SINGULAR("singular"), + PLURAL("plural"), + UNKNOWN("unknown"); private final String name; - - /** - * Singular number type. - */ - public static final NumberEnum SINGULAR = new NumberEnum("singular"); - - /** - * Plural number type. - */ - public static final NumberEnum PLURAL = new NumberEnum("plural"); - - /** - * Unknown number type. - */ - public static final NumberEnum UNKNOWN = new NumberEnum("unknown"); - private NumberEnum(String name) { + NumberEnum(String name) { this.name = name; } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberModel.java index 2eb08cca..0898aebe 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/NumberModel.java @@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; + import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.ResolverUtils; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISModel; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISTrainer; @@ -37,21 +40,20 @@ import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStreamUtils; import opennlp.tools.util.TrainingParameters; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * Class which models the number of particular mentions and the entities made up of mentions. */ -public class NumberModel implements TestNumberModel, TrainSimilarityModel { +public class NumberModel implements TestNumberModel, TrainModel { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NumberModel.class); + private static final double MIN_NUMBER_PROB = 0.66; private final String modelName; - private final String modelExtension = ".bin"; - private MaxentModel testModel; + private MaxentModel meModel; private List events; + // TODO: Note those need to be written / serialized to the binary model file private int singularIndex; private int pluralIndex; @@ -67,14 +69,13 @@ private NumberModel(String modelName, boolean train) throws IOException { this.modelName = modelName; if (train) { events = new ArrayList<>(); - } - else { + } else { try (DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream( - new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + modelExtension)))) { - testModel = new BinaryGISModelReader(dis).getModel(); + new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)))) { + meModel = new BinaryGISModelReader(dis).getModel(); } - singularIndex = testModel.getIndex(NumberEnum.SINGULAR.toString()); - pluralIndex = testModel.getIndex(NumberEnum.PLURAL.toString()); + singularIndex = meModel.getIndex(NumberEnum.SINGULAR.toString()); + pluralIndex = meModel.getIndex(NumberEnum.PLURAL.toString()); } } @@ -107,39 +108,30 @@ else if (ResolverUtils.PLURAL_PRONOUN_PATTERN.matcher(ec.getHeadTokenText()).mat } } - private NumberEnum getNumber(List entity) { - for (Context ec : entity) { - NumberEnum ne = getNumber(ec); - if (ne != NumberEnum.UNKNOWN) { - return ne; - } - } - return NumberEnum.UNKNOWN; - } - @Override - @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { Map entities = new HashMap<>(); List singletons = new ArrayList<>(); for (Context ec : extentContexts) { - logger.debug("NumberModel.setExtents: ec({}) {}", ec.getId(), ec); - if (ec.getId() != -1) { - entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); - } else { - singletons.add(ec); + if (ec != null) { + logger.debug("NumberModel.setExtents: ec({}) {}", ec.getId(), ec); + if (ec.getId() != -1) { + entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); + } else { + singletons.add(ec); + } } } List singles = new ArrayList<>(); List plurals = new ArrayList<>(); // coref entities for (Integer key : entities.keySet()) { - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(key); - NumberEnum number = getNumber(entityContexts); + Context entityContext = entities.get(key); + NumberEnum number = getNumber(entityContext); if (number == NumberEnum.SINGULAR) { - singles.addAll(entityContexts); + singles.add(entityContext); } else if (number == NumberEnum.PLURAL) { - plurals.addAll(entityContexts); + plurals.add(entityContext); } } // non-coref entities. @@ -163,7 +155,7 @@ public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { @Override public double[] numberDist(Context c) { List feats = getFeatures(c); - return testModel.eval(feats.toArray(new String[0])); + return meModel.eval(feats.toArray(new String[0])); } @Override @@ -176,14 +168,32 @@ public int getPluralIndex() { return pluralIndex; } + public Number computeNumber(Context c) { + double[] dist = numberDist(c); + Number number; + logger.debug("Computing number: {} sing={} plural={}", c, dist[getSingularIndex()], dist[getPluralIndex()]); + if (dist[getSingularIndex()] > MIN_NUMBER_PROB) { + number = new Number(NumberEnum.SINGULAR,dist[getSingularIndex()]); + } + else if (dist[getPluralIndex()] > MIN_NUMBER_PROB) { + number = new Number(NumberEnum.PLURAL,dist[getPluralIndex()]); + } + else { + number = new Number(NumberEnum.UNKNOWN, MIN_NUMBER_PROB); + } + return number; + } + @Override - public void trainModel() throws IOException { + public NumberModel trainModel() throws IOException { TrainingParameters params = TrainingParameters.defaultParams(); params.put(TrainingParameters.ITERATIONS_PARAM, 100); params.put(TrainingParameters.CUTOFF_PARAM, 10); GISTrainer trainer = new GISTrainer(); trainer.init(params, null); GISModel trainedModel = trainer.trainModel(ObjectStreamUtils.createObjectStream(events)); - new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + modelExtension)).persist(); + this.meModel = trainedModel; + new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)).persist(); + return this; } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/SimilarityModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/SimilarityModel.java index 25648a00..0cbbc17f 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/SimilarityModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/SimilarityModel.java @@ -18,12 +18,10 @@ package opennlp.tools.coref.sim; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; -import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; -import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.Writer; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.nio.file.Files; @@ -36,6 +34,9 @@ import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; + import opennlp.tools.coref.resolver.ResolverUtils; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISModel; import opennlp.tools.ml.maxent.GISTrainer; @@ -45,19 +46,17 @@ import opennlp.tools.ml.model.MaxentModel; import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStreamUtils; import opennlp.tools.util.TrainingParameters; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * Models semantic similarity between two mentions and returns a score based on * how semantically comparable the mentions are with one another. */ -public class SimilarityModel implements TestSimilarityModel, TrainSimilarityModel { +public class SimilarityModel implements TestSimilarityModel, TrainModel { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimilarityModel.class); private final String modelName; - private final String modelExtension = ".bin"; + private MaxentModel testModel; private List events; private int SAME_INDEX; @@ -65,11 +64,11 @@ public class SimilarityModel implements TestSimilarityModel, TrainSimilarityMode private static final String DIFF = "diff"; private final boolean debugOn = false; - public static TestSimilarityModel testModel(String name) throws IOException { + public static SimilarityModel testModel(String name) throws IOException { return new SimilarityModel(name, false); } - public static TrainSimilarityModel trainModel(String name) throws IOException { + public static SimilarityModel trainModel(String name) throws IOException { return new SimilarityModel(name, true); } @@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ private SimilarityModel(String modelName, boolean train) throws IOException { } else { try (DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream( - new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + modelExtension)))) { + new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)))) { testModel = new BinaryGISModelReader(dis).getModel(); } SAME_INDEX = testModel.getIndex(SAME); @@ -158,16 +157,15 @@ private boolean hasSuperClass(List entityContexts, List candid * @return A set of mentions for all the entities which might be semantically compatible * with entity indicated by the specified key. */ - @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private Set constructExclusionSet(Integer entityKey, Map entities, Map> headSets, Map> nameSets, List singletons) { Set exclusionSet = new HashSet<>(); Set entityHeadSet = headSets.get(entityKey); Set entityNameSet = nameSets.get(entityKey); - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(entityKey); + List entityContexts = List.of(entities.get(entityKey)); //entities for (Integer key : entities.keySet()) { - List candidateContexts = (List) entities.get(key); + List candidateContexts = List.of(entities.get(key)); if (key.equals(entityKey)) { exclusionSet.addAll(candidateContexts); } else if (nameSets.get(key).isEmpty()) { @@ -206,12 +204,11 @@ private Set constructExclusionSet(Integer entityKey, Map> constructHeadSets(Map entities) { Map> headSets = new HashMap<>(); for (Integer key : entities.keySet()) { - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(key); - headSets.put(key, constructHeadSet(entityContexts)); + Context entityContext = entities.get(key); + headSets.put(key, constructHeadSet(List.of(entityContext))); } return headSets; } @@ -241,12 +238,11 @@ private Set constructNameSet(List mentions) { * @return a mapping between each key in the specified entity map and the name types associated * with each mention of that entity. */ - @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private Map> constructNameSets(Map entities) { Map> nameSets = new HashMap<>(); for (Integer key : entities.keySet()) { - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(key); - nameSets.put(key, constructNameSet(entityContexts)); + Context entityContext = entities.get(key); + nameSets.put(key, constructNameSet(List.of(entityContext))); } return nameSets; } @@ -275,7 +271,6 @@ else if (numCommonSynsets == ec.getSynsets().size() || numCommonSynsets == cec.g } @Override - @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { Map entities = new HashMap<>(); /* Extents which are not in a coreference chain. */ @@ -283,13 +278,15 @@ public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { List allExtents = new ArrayList<>(); // populate data structures for (Context ec : extentContexts) { - logger.debug("Set extents: ec({}) {} {}", ec.getId(), ec.getNameType(), ec); - if (ec.getId() == -1) { - singletons.add(ec); - } else { - entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); + if (ec != null) { + logger.debug("Set extents: ec({}) {} {}", ec.getId(), ec.getNameType(), ec); + if (ec.getId() == -1) { + singletons.add(ec); + } else { + entities.put(ec.getId(), ec); + } + allExtents.add(ec); } - allExtents.add(ec); } int axi = 0; @@ -301,17 +298,14 @@ public void setExtents(Context[] extentContexts) { if (entityNameSet.isEmpty()) { continue; } - List entityContexts = (List) entities.get(key); + List entityContexts = List.of(entities.get(key)); Set exclusionSet = constructExclusionSet(key, entities, headSets, nameSets, singletons); - if (entityContexts.size() == 1) { - // ? - } for (int xi1 = 0, xl = entityContexts.size(); xi1 < xl; xi1++) { Context ec1 = entityContexts.get(xi1); //if (isPronoun(ec1)) { // continue; //} - for (int xi2 = xi1 + 1; xi2 < xl; xi2++) { + for (int xi2 = xi1; xi2 < xl; xi2++) { Context ec2 = entityContexts.get(xi2); //if (isPronoun(ec2)) { // continue; @@ -359,7 +353,7 @@ public double compatible(Context mention1, Context mention2) { * @see #setExtents(Context[]) */ @Override - public void trainModel() throws IOException { + public SimilarityModel trainModel() throws IOException { if (debugOn) { Path p = Path.of(modelName + ".events"); try (Writer writer = Files.newBufferedWriter(p, StandardCharsets.UTF_8, @@ -375,7 +369,8 @@ public void trainModel() throws IOException { GISTrainer trainer = new GISTrainer(); trainer.init(params, null); GISModel trainedModel = trainer.trainModel(ObjectStreamUtils.createObjectStream(events)); - new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + modelExtension)).persist(); + new BinaryGISModelWriter(trainedModel, new File(modelName + MODEL_EXTENSION)).persist(); + return this; } private boolean isName(Context np) { @@ -621,23 +616,4 @@ else if (isNumber(np2)) { } return (features); } - - // TODO Extract a Test case from this example - public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { - if (args.length == 0) { - logger.info("Usage: SimilarityModel modelName < tiger/NN bear/NN"); - System.exit(1); - } - String modelName = args[0]; - SimilarityModel model = new SimilarityModel(modelName, false); - //Context.wn = new WordNet(System.getProperty("WNHOME"), true); - //Context.morphy = new Morphy(Context.wn); - BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); - for (String line = in.readLine(); line != null; line = in.readLine()) { - String[] words = line.split(" "); - double p = model.compatible(Context.parseContext(words[0]), Context.parseContext(words[1])); - System.out.println(p + " " + model.getFeatures(Context.parseContext(words[0]), - Context.parseContext(words[1]))); - } - } } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestGenderModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestGenderModel.java index 3d065198..9384f0c9 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestGenderModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestGenderModel.java @@ -18,11 +18,15 @@ package opennlp.tools.coref.sim; /** - * Interface for testing a gender model. + * Defines methods for testing a {@link GenderModel}. */ public interface TestGenderModel { + double[] genderDistribution(Context np1); + int getMaleIndex(); + int getFemaleIndex(); + int getNeuterIndex(); } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestNumberModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestNumberModel.java index 769d2f78..1fc800ef 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestNumberModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestNumberModel.java @@ -18,12 +18,14 @@ package opennlp.tools.coref.sim; /** - * Interface for testing a number model. + * Defines methods for testing a {@link NumberModel}. * */ public interface TestNumberModel { + double[] numberDist(Context np1); int getSingularIndex(); + int getPluralIndex(); } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestSimilarityModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestSimilarityModel.java index a09baf4c..1e2ce8b1 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestSimilarityModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TestSimilarityModel.java @@ -19,8 +19,9 @@ /** - * Interface for testing a similarity model. + * Defines methods for testing a {@link SimilarityModel}. */ public interface TestSimilarityModel { + double compatible(Context np1, Context np2); } diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainSimilarityModel.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainModel.java similarity index 88% rename from opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainSimilarityModel.java rename to opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainModel.java index f281431b..a9b6136b 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainSimilarityModel.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/coref/sim/TrainModel.java @@ -22,12 +22,15 @@ /** * Interface for training a similarity, gender, or number model. */ -public interface TrainSimilarityModel { +public interface TrainModel{ - void trainModel() throws IOException; + String MODEL_EXTENSION = ".bin"; + + T trainModel() throws IOException; + /** * Creates similarity training pairs based on the specified extents. - * Extents are considered compatible is they are in the same coreference chain, + * Extents are considered compatible if they are in the same coreference chain, * have the same named-entity tag, or share a common head word. *

* Incompatible extents are chosen at random from the set of extents which don't meet these criteria. diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/FullParseCorefEnhancerStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/FullParseCorefEnhancerStream.java index 98adfc8c..32019e07 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/FullParseCorefEnhancerStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/FullParseCorefEnhancerStream.java @@ -44,51 +44,40 @@ static Parse createIncompleteParse(String[] tokens) { StringBuilder textBuilder = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) { - - if (textBuilder.length() > 0) { + if (!textBuilder.isEmpty()) { textBuilder.append(' '); } - int startOffset = textBuilder.length(); textBuilder.append(tokens[i]); tokenSpans[i] = new Span(startOffset, textBuilder.length()); } String text = textBuilder.toString(); - Parse p = new Parse(text, new Span(0, text.length()), AbstractBottomUpParser.INC_NODE, 0, 0); - for (int i = 0; i < tokenSpans.length; i++) { Span tokenSpan = tokenSpans[i]; p.insert(new Parse(text, new Span(tokenSpan.getStart(), tokenSpan.getEnd()), AbstractBottomUpParser.TOK_NODE, 0, i)); } - return p; } - + + @Override public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { RawCorefSample sample = samples.read(); - if (sample != null) { - List enhancedParses = new ArrayList<>(); - List sentences = sample.getTexts(); - for (String[] sentence : sentences) { - Parse incompleteParse = createIncompleteParse(sentence); Parse p = parser.parse(incompleteParse); // What to do when a parse cannot be found ?! - enhancedParses.add(p); } sample.setParses(enhancedParses); - return sample; } else { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory.java index f6206b67..9ee3277a 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory.java @@ -46,10 +46,11 @@ import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; /** - * Factory creates a stream which can parse MUC 6 Coref data and outputs CorefSample + * Factory creates a stream which can parse MUC 6 Coref data and outputs {@link CorefSample} * objects which are enhanced with a full parse and are suitable to train the Coreference component. */ -public class Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory extends AbstractSampleStreamFactory { +public class Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory extends + AbstractSampleStreamFactory { interface Parameters extends BasicFormatParams { @@ -64,11 +65,9 @@ interface Parameters extends BasicFormatParams { @ParameterDescription(valueName = "modelFile") File getOrganizationModel(); - - // TODO: Add other models here !!! } - protected Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory() { + Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory() { super(Parameters.class); } @@ -76,26 +75,23 @@ protected Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory() { public ObjectStream create(String[] args) { Parameters params = ArgumentParser.parse(args, Parameters.class); - + ParserModel parserModel = new ParserModelLoader().load(params.getParserModel()); Parser parser = ParserFactory.create(parserModel); TokenizerModel tokenizerModel = new TokenizerModelLoader().load(params.getTokenizerModel()); Tokenizer tokenizer = new TokenizerME(tokenizerModel); - ObjectStream mucDocStream = new FileToStringSampleStream( - new DirectorySampleStream(params.getData(), file -> file.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".sgm"), false), StandardCharsets.UTF_8); + ObjectStream mucDocStream = new FileToStringSampleStream(new DirectorySampleStream(params.getData(), + file -> file.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".sgml"), false), StandardCharsets.UTF_8); ObjectStream rawSamples = new MucCorefSampleStream(tokenizer, mucDocStream); - ObjectStream parsedSamples = new FullParseCorefEnhancerStream(parser, rawSamples); - - + // How to load all these nameFinder models ?! // Let's make a param per model, not that nice, but ok! Map modelFileTagMap = new HashMap<>(); - modelFileTagMap.put("person", params.getPersonModel()); modelFileTagMap.put("organization", params.getOrganizationModel()); diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefContentHandler.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefContentHandler.java index 798d319a..baed3f66 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefContentHandler.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefContentHandler.java @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ // Take care for special @ sign handling (identifies a table or something else that should be ignored) class MucCorefContentHandler extends SgmlParser.ContentHandler { - static class CorefMention { + public static class CorefMention { Span span; int id; final String min; @@ -56,32 +56,35 @@ static class CorefMention { private final Map idMap = new HashMap<>(); private RawCorefSample sample; - + + /** + * Initializes a {@link MucCorefContentHandler}. + * + * @param tokenizer The {@link Tokenizer} to use. Must not be {@code null}. + * @param samples The {@link List< RawCorefSample > samples} as input. + * Must not be {@code null}. + */ MucCorefContentHandler(Tokenizer tokenizer, List samples) { this.tokenizer = tokenizer; this.samples = samples; } /** - * Resolve an id via the references to the root id. + * Resolves an id via the references to the root {@code id}. * * @param id the id or reference to be resolved * - * @return the resolved id or -1 if id cannot be resolved + * @return the resolved {@code id} or {@code -1} if id cannot be resolved. */ private int resolveId(int id) { - Integer refId = idMap.get(id); - if (refId != null) { if (id == refId) { return id; - } - else { + } else { return resolveId(refId); } - } - else { + } else { return -1; } } @@ -91,8 +94,7 @@ public void startElement(String name, Map attributes) { if (MucElementNames.DOC_ELEMENT.equals(name)) { idMap.clear(); - sample = new RawCorefSample(new ArrayList<>(), - new ArrayList<>()); + sample = new RawCorefSample(new ArrayList<>(), new ArrayList<>()); } if (MucElementNames.CONTENT_ELEMENTS.contains(name)) { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefSampleStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefSampleStream.java index 26fd19d3..31abb212 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefSampleStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucCorefSampleStream.java @@ -31,16 +31,24 @@ public class MucCorefSampleStream extends FilterObjectStream documents = new ArrayList<>(); - + + /** + * Initializes a {@link MucCorefSampleStream}. + * + * @param tokenizer The {@link Tokenizer} to use. Must not be {@code null}. + * @param documents The {@link ObjectStream documents} as input. Must not be {@code null}. + * + * @throws IllegalArgumentException Thrown if parameters are invalid. + */ public MucCorefSampleStream(Tokenizer tokenizer, ObjectStream documents) { super(new DocumentSplitterStream(documents)); this.tokenizer = tokenizer; } + @Override public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { if (documents.isEmpty()) { - String document = samples.read(); if (document != null) { @@ -49,7 +57,7 @@ public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { } } - if (documents.size() > 0) { + if (!documents.isEmpty()) { return documents.remove(0); } else { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucMentionInserterStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucMentionInserterStream.java index 1e6e4e64..48029a1b 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucMentionInserterStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/MucMentionInserterStream.java @@ -46,15 +46,12 @@ public class MucMentionInserterStream extends FilterObjectStream { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MucMentionInserterStream.class); - private static final Set ENTITY_SET = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(DefaultParse.NAME_TYPES)); - private final MentionFinder mentionFinder; + private final MentionFinder mentionFinder = PTBMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); protected MucMentionInserterStream(ObjectStream samples) { super(samples); - - mentionFinder = PTBMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); } private static Span getMinSpan(Parse p, CorefMention mention) { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/NameFinderCorefEnhancerStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/NameFinderCorefEnhancerStream.java index 4e247773..ff042900 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/NameFinderCorefEnhancerStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/NameFinderCorefEnhancerStream.java @@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { List parses = new ArrayList<>(); for (Parse p : sample.getParses()) { - Parse[] parseTokens = p.getTagNodes(); String[] tokens = new String[parseTokens.length]; diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/RawCorefSample.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/RawCorefSample.java index bbea40f1..1b9d80b5 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/RawCorefSample.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/RawCorefSample.java @@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ package opennlp.tools.formats.muc; -import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import opennlp.tools.formats.muc.MucCorefContentHandler.CorefMention; @@ -28,12 +27,14 @@ */ public class RawCorefSample { - private final List texts = new ArrayList<>(); - private final List mentions = new ArrayList<>(); + private final List texts; + private final List mentions; private List parses; - RawCorefSample(List texts, List mentions) { + RawCorefSample(List texts, List mentions) { + this.texts = texts; + this.mentions = mentions; } public List getTexts() { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/ShallowParseCorefEnhancerStream.java b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/ShallowParseCorefEnhancerStream.java index 1796b348..049d6f3f 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/ShallowParseCorefEnhancerStream.java +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/ShallowParseCorefEnhancerStream.java @@ -48,16 +48,13 @@ public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { if (sample != null) { List enhancedParses = new ArrayList<>(); - List sentences = sample.getTexts(); - for (String[] sentence : sentences) { Parse p = FullParseCorefEnhancerStream.createIncompleteParse(sentence); p.setType(AbstractBottomUpParser.TOP_NODE); - Parse[] parseTokens = p.getChildren(); - + // construct incomplete parse here .. String[] tags = posTagger.tag(sentence); @@ -74,12 +71,10 @@ public RawCorefSample read() throws IOException { p.insert(new Parse(p.getText(), new Span(0,0), chunk.getType(), 1d, p.getHeadIndex())); } } - enhancedParses.add(p); } sample.setParses(enhancedParses); - return sample; } else { diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterToolTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterToolTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fa38324f --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferenceConverterToolTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.cmdline.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSampleStreamFactory; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class CoreferenceConverterToolTest { + + private CoreferenceConverterTool tool; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() { + CorefSampleStreamFactory.registerFactory(); + } + + @BeforeEach + void setUp() { + tool = new CoreferenceConverterTool(); + } + + @Test + void testGetName() { + assertEquals("CoreferenceConverter", tool.getName()); + } + + @Test + @Disabled(value = "Reason: 'There should be more than 1 factory registered for converter tool'") + void testGetShortDescription() { + assertEquals("Converter for a Learnable Noun Phrase Coreferencer", + tool.getShortDescription()); + } + + @Test + void testGetHelp() { + assertTrue(tool.getHelp().startsWith("Usage: opennlp CoreferenceConverter help")); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerToolTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerToolTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..96c8eb5c --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerToolTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.cmdline.coref; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class CoreferencerToolTest { + + private CoreferencerTool tool; + + @BeforeEach + void setUp() { + tool = new CoreferencerTool(); + } + + @Test + void testGetName() { + assertEquals("Coreferencer", tool.getName()); + } + + @Test + void testGetShortDescription() { + assertEquals("Learnable Noun Phrase Coreferencer", tool.getShortDescription()); + } + + @Test + void testGetHelp() { + assertEquals("Usage: opennlp Coreferencer model_directory < parses", + tool.getHelp()); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerToolTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerToolTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..29256bb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/cmdline/coref/CoreferencerTrainerToolTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.cmdline.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSampleStreamFactory; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class CoreferencerTrainerToolTest { + + private CoreferencerTrainerTool tool; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() { + CorefSampleStreamFactory.registerFactory(); + } + + @BeforeEach + void setUp() { + tool = new CoreferencerTrainerTool(); + } + + @Test + void testGetName() { + assertEquals("CoreferencerTrainer", tool.getName()); + } + + @Test + void testGetShortDescription() { + assertEquals("Trainer for a Learnable Noun Phrase Coreferencer", + tool.getShortDescription()); + } + + @Test + void testGetHelp() { + assertTrue(tool.getHelp().startsWith("Usage: opennlp CoreferencerTrainer")); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefParseTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefParseTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..46ac2217 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefParseTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import java.util.Arrays; +import java.util.List; +import java.util.Map; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import opennlp.tools.cmdline.parser.ParserTool; +import opennlp.tools.coref.linker.AbstractLinkerTest; +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; + +public class CorefParseTest extends AbstractLinkerTest { + + private static final String example = "The test may come today . "; + // "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + + private List parses; + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + parses = Arrays.stream(ParserTool.parseLine(example, parserEN, 1)).toList(); + } + + @Test + void testConstruct() { + CorefParse cp = new CorefParse(parses, new DiscourseEntity[0]); + Map parseMap = cp.getParseMap(); + assertNotNull(parseMap); + } + +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStreamTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStreamTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3cef7b5a --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleDataStreamTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import java.io.IOException; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; + +public class CorefSampleDataStreamTest { + + private CorefSampleStreamFactory streamFactory; + + private String[] args; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() { + CorefSampleStreamFactory.registerFactory(); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + streamFactory= new CorefSampleStreamFactory(); + args = new String[]{"-data", CorefSampleDataStreamTest.class.getResource( + "/models/training/coref/training-test.txt").getPath()}; + } + + @Test + void testRead() throws IOException { + try (ObjectStream samples = streamFactory.create(args)) { + assertNotNull(samples); + CorefSample cs = samples.read(); + assertNotNull(cs); + } + } + +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1470c629 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows; + +public class CorefSampleStreamFactoryTest { + + private CorefSampleStreamFactory streamFactory; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() { + CorefSampleStreamFactory.registerFactory(); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + streamFactory= new CorefSampleStreamFactory(); + } + + @Test + void testCreate() { + String[] args = new String[]{"-data", + CorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.class.getResource("/models/training/coref/training-test.txt").getPath()}; + ObjectStream samples = streamFactory.create(args); + assertNotNull(samples); + } + + @Test + void testCreateWithEmptyParameters() { + assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> streamFactory.create(new String[0])); + } + + @Test + void testCreateWithIncorrectParameters() { + assertThrows(RuntimeException.class, () -> streamFactory.create(new String[]{"-data","Non-Existing.txt"})); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0caeaab7 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefSampleTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import java.util.List; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; + +public class CorefSampleTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (DT The) (NN test) )(VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP-TMP (NN today) )))(. .) ))"; + + @Test + void testGetParses() { + CorefSample cs = CorefSample.parse(example); + assertNotNull(cs); + List parses = cs.getParses(); + assertNotNull(parses); + assertEquals(1, parses.size()); + Parse p = parses.get(0); + assertNotNull(p); + assertEquals("The test may come today . ", p.toString()); + } + + @Test + void testToString() { + CorefSample cs = CorefSample.parse(example); + assertNotNull(cs); + String s = cs.toString(); + assertNotNull(s); + assertFalse(s.isEmpty()); + } + +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainerTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainerTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..dc9024af --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/CorefTrainerTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource; + +import java.io.IOException; +import java.net.URISyntaxException; +import java.net.URL; +import java.nio.file.Files; +import java.nio.file.Path; +import java.nio.file.Paths; +import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; + +public class CorefTrainerTest extends AbstractCorefTest { + + private static String modelTrainingDir; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() throws IOException, URISyntaxException { + final URL modelInputDirectory = CorefTrainerTest.class.getResource(AbstractCorefTest.MODEL_DIR); + URL modelTrainingDirectory = CorefTrainerTest.class.getResource(AbstractCorefTest.MODEL_TRAINING_DIR); + assertNotNull(modelInputDirectory); + assertNotNull(modelTrainingDirectory); + modelTrainingDir = Path.of(modelTrainingDirectory.toURI()).toAbsolutePath().toString(); + // transfer resources to the training directory + modelTrainingDirectory = CorefTrainerTest.class.getResource(AbstractCorefTest.MODEL_TRAINING_DIR + "/coref/"); + Path pOriginal = Paths.get(modelInputDirectory.toURI()); + Path pTraining = Paths.get(modelTrainingDirectory.toURI()); + + Files.copy(pOriginal.resolve("gen.fem").toAbsolutePath(), + pTraining.resolve("gen.fem").toAbsolutePath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING); + Files.copy(pOriginal.resolve("gen.mas").toAbsolutePath(), + pTraining.resolve("gen.mas").toAbsolutePath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING); + Files.copy(pOriginal.resolve("acronyms").toAbsolutePath(), + pTraining.resolve("acronyms").toAbsolutePath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING); + } + + @ParameterizedTest + @ValueSource(booleans = {true, false}) + void testTrainByTreebank(Boolean withTreebank) throws IOException { + CorefSampleStreamFactory streamFactory = new CorefSampleStreamFactory(); + String[] args = new String[]{"-data", + CorefTrainerTest.class.getResource("/models/training/coref/training-test.txt").getPath()}; + ObjectStream samples = streamFactory.create(args); + CorefTrainer.train(modelTrainingDir, samples, withTreebank, false); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParseTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParseTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0476b996 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/DefaultParseTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref; + +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.util.Span; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import java.util.List; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class DefaultParseTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private static final String exampleChanged = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN proof)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private Parse parse; + + // SUT + private DefaultParse dp; + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + parse = Parse.parseParse(example); + /* parse = ParserTool.parseLine("The test may come today . ", parserEN, 1)[0]; */ + dp = new DefaultParse(parse, 1); + } + + @Test + void testConstruct() { + assertEquals(parse, dp.getParse()); + assertEquals(1, dp.getSentenceNumber()); + assertTrue(dp.isSentence()); + assertEquals(1, dp.getEntityId()); + assertNull(dp.getParent()); + assertFalse(dp.isParentNAC()); + Span s = dp.getSpan(); + assertEquals(0, s.getStart()); + assertEquals(26, s.getEnd()); + } + + @Test + void testCompareTo() { + DefaultParse dp2 = new DefaultParse(parse, 1); + assertEquals(0, dp.compareTo(dp2)); + } + + @Test + void testCompareToIdentity() { + //noinspection EqualsWithItself + assertEquals(0, dp.compareTo(dp)); + } + + @Test + void testEquals() { + DefaultParse dp2 = new DefaultParse(parse, 1); + assertEquals(dp, dp2); + } + + @Test + void testEqualsIdentity() { + //noinspection EqualsWithItself + assertEquals(dp, dp); + } + + @Test + void testHashCode() { + DefaultParse dp2 = new DefaultParse(parse, 1); + assertEquals(dp.hashCode(), dp2.hashCode()); + } + + @Test + void testHashCodeIdentity() { + assertEquals(dp.hashCode(), dp.hashCode()); + } + + @Test + void testCompareToWithDifferentParses() { + DefaultParse dp2 = new DefaultParse(Parse.parseParse(exampleChanged), 1); + assertEquals(1, dp.compareTo(dp2)); + assertEquals(-1, dp2.compareTo(dp)); + } + + @Test + void testGetNamedEntities() { + List dpNamedEntities = dp.getNamedEntities(); + assertNotNull(dpNamedEntities); + assertTrue(dpNamedEntities.isEmpty()); + } + + @Test + void testGetChildren() { + List dpChildren = dp.getChildren(); + assertNotNull(dpChildren); + assertFalse(dpChildren.isEmpty()); + assertEquals(1, dpChildren.size()); + } + + @Test + void testGetSyntacticChildren() { + List dpChildren = dp.getSyntacticChildren(); + assertNotNull(dpChildren); + assertFalse(dpChildren.isEmpty()); + assertEquals(1, dpChildren.size()); + } + + @Test + void testGetSyntacticType() { + List dpTokens = dp.getTokens(); + assertNotNull(dpTokens); + assertFalse(dpTokens.isEmpty()); + assertEquals(6, dpTokens.size()); + assertEquals("DT", dpTokens.get(0).getSyntacticType()); + assertEquals("NN", dpTokens.get(1).getSyntacticType()); + assertEquals("MD", dpTokens.get(2).getSyntacticType()); + assertEquals("VB", dpTokens.get(3).getSyntacticType()); + assertEquals("NN", dpTokens.get(4).getSyntacticType()); + assertEquals(".", dpTokens.get(5).getSyntacticType()); + } + +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/DummyHeadFinder.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/DummyHeadFinder.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6f5e4c37 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/DummyHeadFinder.java @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref.mention; + +// just a stub implementation +class DummyHeadFinder implements HeadFinder { + + @Override + public opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse getHead(opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse parse) { + return null; + } + + @Override + public int getHeadIndex(opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse parse) { + return 0; + } + + @Override + public opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse getLastHead(opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse p) { + return null; + } + + @Override + public opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse getHeadToken(opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse np) { + return null; + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContextTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContextTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b21a1e3c --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionContextTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref.mention; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.DefaultParse; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.GenderEnum; +import opennlp.tools.coref.sim.NumberEnum; +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.util.Span; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.EnumSource; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class MentionContextTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private static ShallowParseMentionFinder finder; + + private Mention[] mentions; + + @BeforeAll + public static void setUpClass() { + finder = ShallowParseMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + assertNotNull(finder); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + opennlp.tools.parser.Parse parse = Parse.parseParse(example); + // prepare + mentions = finder.getMentions(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(mentions); + assertEquals(2, mentions.length); + } + + @Test + void testCreateFromMention() { + Mention m1 = new Mention(mentions[0]); + m1.setId(42); + // test + MentionContext mc = new MentionContext(m1, 0, + 0, 0, 1, PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + assertEquals(42, mc.getId()); + assertEquals(GenderEnum.UNKNOWN, mc.getGender()); + assertEquals(0.0d, mc.getGenderProb()); + assertEquals(NumberEnum.UNKNOWN, mc.getNumber()); + assertEquals(0.0d, mc.getNumberProb()); + assertEquals(1, mc.getSentenceNumber()); + String headText = mc.getHeadText(); + assertNotNull(headText); + assertFalse(headText.isBlank()); + String text = mc.toText(); + assertNotNull(text); + assertFalse(text.isBlank()); + Span s1 = mc.getIndexSpan(); + assertEquals(0, s1.getStart()); + assertEquals(8, s1.getEnd()); + assertNotNull(mc.getHead()); + assertNotNull(mc.getHeadTokenParse()); + assertNotNull(mc.getTokenParses()); + assertNotNull(mc.getFirstToken()); + assertNotNull(mc.getFirstTokenText()); + assertNotNull(mc.getFirstTokenTag()); + assertNotNull(mc.getNextToken()); + assertNotNull(mc.getNextTokenBasal()); + assertTrue(mc.getNonDescriptorStart() >= 0); + assertTrue(mc.getNounPhraseDocumentIndex() >= 0); + assertTrue(mc.getNounPhraseSentenceIndex() >= 0); + assertTrue(mc.getMaxNounPhraseSentenceIndex() >= 0); + assertNull(mc.getPreviousToken()); + } + + @ParameterizedTest + @EnumSource(value = GenderEnum.class) + void testSetGender(GenderEnum input) { + MentionContext mc = new MentionContext(new Mention(mentions[0]), 0, + 0, 0, 1, PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + mc.setGender(input, 0.5d); + assertEquals(input, mc.getGender()); + assertEquals(0.5d, mc.getGenderProb()); + } + + @ParameterizedTest + @EnumSource(value = NumberEnum.class) + void testSetNumber(NumberEnum input) { + MentionContext mc = new MentionContext(new Mention(mentions[0]), 0, + 0, 0, 1, PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + mc.setNumber(input, 0.5d); + assertEquals(input, mc.getNumber()); + assertEquals(0.5d, mc.getNumberProb()); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..455a3bbf --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/MentionTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref.mention; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.DefaultParse; +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.util.Span; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +public class MentionTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private static ShallowParseMentionFinder finder; + + private Mention[] mentions; + + @BeforeAll + public static void setUpClass() { + finder = ShallowParseMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + assertNotNull(finder); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + opennlp.tools.parser.Parse parse = Parse.parseParse(example); + // prepare + mentions = finder.getMentions(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(mentions); + assertEquals(2, mentions.length); + } + + @Test + void testCreateFromMention() { + // test + Mention m1 = new Mention(mentions[0]); + Mention m2 = new Mention(mentions[1]); + assertNotEquals(m1, m2); + assertEquals(1, m1.getId()); + Span s1 = m1.getSpan(); + assertEquals(0, s1.getStart()); + assertEquals(8, s1.getEnd()); + assertNotNull(m1.getHeadSpan()); + assertEquals("NN", m1.getNameType()); + Span s2 = m1.getSpan(); + assertEquals(0, s2.getStart()); + assertEquals(8, s2.getEnd()); + assertEquals("NN", m2.getNameType()); + assertNotNull(m2.getHeadSpan()); + } + + @Test + void testCreatePlain() { + Mention m = new Mention(mentions[0].getSpan(), mentions[0].getHeadSpan(), mentions[0].getId(), + mentions[0].getParse(), mentions[0].type); + // Note: This has not been set and is expected + assertNull(m.getNameType()); + } + + @Test + void testGetParse() { + Mention m1 = new Mention(mentions[0]); + opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse p1 = m1.getParse(); + assertNotNull(p1); + m1.setParse(p1); + assertEquals(p1, m1.getParse()); + } + + @Test + void testSetId() { + Mention m1 = new Mention(mentions[0]); + m1.setId(42); + assertEquals(42, m1.getId()); + } + + @Test + void testCompareTo() { + Mention m1 = new Mention(mentions[0]); + Mention m2 = new Mention(mentions[1]); + assertEquals(-1, m1.compareTo(m2)); + assertEquals(1, m2.compareTo(m1)); + assertEquals(0, m1.compareTo(m1)); // on purpose! + } + + @Test + void testToString() { + assertTrue(mentions[0].toString().startsWith("mention(span=")); + } +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/PTBMentionFinderTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/PTBMentionFinderTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9ee7ccf4 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/PTBMentionFinderTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref.mention; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.DefaultParse; +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.util.Span; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import java.util.List; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull; + +public class PTBMentionFinderTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private static PTBMentionFinder finder; + + private Parse parse; + + @BeforeAll + public static void setUpClass() { + finder = PTBMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + assertNotNull(finder); + } + + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + parse = Parse.parseParse(example); + } + + @Test + void testCreateWithDifferentHeadFinder() { + PTBMentionFinder mockFinder = PTBMentionFinder.getInstance(new DummyHeadFinder()); + assertNotNull(mockFinder); + assertNotEquals(finder, mockFinder); + } + + @Test + void testGetMentions() { + Mention[] mentions = finder.getMentions(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(mentions); + assertEquals(2, mentions.length); + Span span1 = mentions[0].getSpan(); + assertEquals(0, span1.getStart()); + assertEquals(8, span1.getEnd()); + Span span2 = mentions[1].getSpan(); + assertEquals(18, span2.getStart()); + assertEquals(23, span2.getEnd()); + } + + @Test + void getNamedEntities() { + List entities = + finder.getNamedEntities(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(entities); + assertEquals(0, entities.size()); + } + + @Test + void testGetEntityType() { + String entityType = finder.getEntityType(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNull(entityType); // expected as no entity is contained in the test sentence + } + +} + diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/ShallowParseMentionFinderTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/ShallowParseMentionFinderTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1039eb3c --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/coref/mention/ShallowParseMentionFinderTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.coref.mention; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.DefaultParse; +import opennlp.tools.parser.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.util.Span; + +import java.util.List; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull; + +public class ShallowParseMentionFinderTest { + + private static final String example = + "(TOP (S (NP (DT The) (NN test)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP (NN today)))) (. .)))"; + + private static ShallowParseMentionFinder finder; + + private Parse parse; + + @BeforeAll + public static void setUpClass() { + finder = ShallowParseMentionFinder.getInstance(PTBHeadFinder.getInstance()); + assertNotNull(finder); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + parse = Parse.parseParse(example); + } + + @Test + void testCreateWithDifferentHeadFinder() { + ShallowParseMentionFinder mockFinder = ShallowParseMentionFinder.getInstance(new DummyHeadFinder()); + assertNotNull(mockFinder); + assertNotEquals(finder, mockFinder); + } + + @Test + void testGetMentions() { + Mention[] mentions = finder.getMentions(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(mentions); + assertEquals(2, mentions.length); + Span span1 = mentions[0].getSpan(); + assertEquals(0, span1.getStart()); + assertEquals(8, span1.getEnd()); + Span span2 = mentions[1].getSpan(); + assertEquals(18, span2.getStart()); + assertEquals(23, span2.getEnd()); + } + + @Test + void getNamedEntities() { + List entities = + finder.getNamedEntities(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNotNull(entities); + assertEquals(0, entities.size()); + } + + @Test + void testGetEntityType() { + String entityType = finder.getEntityType(new DefaultParse(parse, 1)); + assertNull(entityType); // expected as no entity is contained in the test sentence + } + +} + diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7f426e09 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/java/opennlp/tools/formats/muc/Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +/* + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with + * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package opennlp.tools.formats.muc; + +import java.io.IOException; +import java.util.List; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +import opennlp.tools.coref.AbstractCorefTest; +import opennlp.tools.coref.CorefSample; +import opennlp.tools.coref.mention.Parse; +import opennlp.tools.tokenize.TokenizerModel; +import opennlp.tools.util.DownloadUtil; +import opennlp.tools.util.ObjectStream; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; + +public class Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactoryTest extends AbstractCorefTest { + + private static final String MODEL_TOKENS = "opennlp-en-ud-ewt-tokens-1.2-2.5.0.bin"; + private static final String MODEL_PARSER = "en-parser-chunking.bin"; + private static final String MODEL_NER_PER = "en-ner-person.bin"; + private static final String MODEL_NER_ORG = "en-ner-organization.bin"; + + private String[] args; + + // SUT + private Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory streamFactory; + + @BeforeAll + public static void initEnv() throws IOException { + Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory.registerFactory(); + DownloadUtil.downloadModel("en", DownloadUtil.ModelType.TOKENIZER, TokenizerModel.class); + downloadVersion15Model(MODEL_PARSER); + downloadVersion15Model(MODEL_NER_PER); + downloadVersion15Model(MODEL_NER_ORG); + } + + @BeforeEach + public void setUp() { + streamFactory= new Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactory(); + args = new String[]{"-data", Muc6FullParseCorefSampleStreamFactoryTest.class. + getResource("/models/training/coref/muc").getPath(), + "-tokenizerModel", OPENNLP_DIR.resolve(MODEL_TOKENS).toString(), + "-parserModel", OPENNLP_DIR.resolve(MODEL_PARSER).toString(), + "-personModel", OPENNLP_DIR.resolve(MODEL_NER_PER).toString(), + "-organizationModel", OPENNLP_DIR.resolve(MODEL_NER_ORG).toString() + }; + } + + @Test + void testCreate() throws IOException { + try (ObjectStream samples = streamFactory.create(args)) { + assertNotNull(samples); + CorefSample cs = samples.read(); + assertNotNull(cs); + List parses = cs.getParses(); + assertNotNull(parses); + assertEquals(17, parses.size()); + } + } + +} diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml index 3e2c2ac9..b8a0fce5 100644 --- a/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ @@ -37,5 +38,9 @@ + + + + diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/acronyms b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/acronyms new file mode 100755 index 00000000..940c517e --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/acronyms @@ -0,0 +1,14179 @@ +24KHGE 24 Karat Heavy Gold Electroplate +2B1Q 2 Binary 1 Quaternary +2D 2-Dimensional +2QT2BSTR8 Too Cute To Be Straight +3ACC 3A Central Control +3D 3-Dimensional +3DS Three D Studio +3M Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing +4GL Fourth Generation Language +4H Head, Heart, Hands, Health +4WD Four wheel Drive +5XBCOER 5 X-Bar Central Office Equipment Reports +A&A Astronomy and Astrophysics +A&M Agricultural and Mechanical +A&P Atlantic & Pacific +A-D analog-to-digital +A-E Architecture-Engineering +A-T Ashton-Tate +A-V Attribute-Value +A-Z Allstates-Zenith +A.C. Albany Corp. +A.H. American Home +A.I. artificial intelligence +A.I. artificial intelligence +A.I.R. Automobile Inspection and Readjustment +A.I.R. Automobile Inspection and Readjustment +A.J. Appeals Judge +A.K.C. American Kennel Club +A.M.A. American Medical Association +A/D Analog to Digital converter +A/D analog-to-digital +A/P Accounts Payable +A/R Accounts Receivable +AA Administrative Assistant +AA Administrative Authority +AA Affirmative Action committee +AA Alcoholics Anonymous +AA American Airlines +AA Antiaircraft Artillery +AA Associate in Accounting +AA Astronomy and Astrophysics +AA Auto Answer +AA Automobile Association +AAA American Accounting Association +AAA American Arbitration Association +AAA American Automobile Association +AAA Anti-Aircraft Artillery +AAA anticommunist action alliance +AAA anticommunist action alliance +AAAAA American Association Against Acronym Abuse +AAAAA An organization for drunks who drive +AAAAAA Association for the Abolition of Abused Abbreviations and Asinine Acronyms +AAAE American Association of Airport Executives +AAAI American Academy of Allergy and Immunology +AAAI American Association for Artificial Intelligence +AAAL American Academy of Arts 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AIAA Journal +AIB Allied Irish Banks +AIB Allied Irish Banks +AIC Automatic Intercept Center +AICC Automatic Intercept Communications Controller +AICP American Institute of Certified Planners +AICPA American Institute of Certified Public Accountants +AIChE American Institute of Chemical Engineers +AID Agency for International Development +AID American Institute of Decorators +AIDA Associazione Italiana per la Documentazione Avanzata +AIDDE Ames' Interactive Dynamic Display Editor +AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome +AIDS Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome +AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome +AIESEC Association Internationale d'etudiants en Sciences economiques et Commerciales +AIESEC Association Internationale en Sciences economiques et Commerce +AIF Audio Interchange Format +AIFF Amiga Image File Format +AIFF Audio Interchange File Format +AIFF Audio Interface Format +AIG American International Group +AIG American International Group +AIIM Association for Information and Image Management +AIIP Association of Independent Information Professionals +AILA American Indian Library Association +AIM Aid to Injured Motorcyclists +AIM Air Interception Missile +AIM Airman's Information Manual +AIMS Advanced Inventory Management System +AIN Advanced Intelligent Network +AIOD Automatic Identification Outward Dialing +AIPLA American Intellectual Property Law Association +AIPS Astronomical Image Processing System +AIR All India Radio +AIR Alternative Internet Resource +AIRS Artificial Intelligence Research Support +AIS Action Item System +AIS Arabidopsis Information Service +AIS Automatic Intercept System +AISB Association of Imaging Service Bureaus +AISI American Iron and Steel Institute +AISP Association of Information Systems Professionals +AIX Advanced Interactive Executive +AJ Astronomical Journal +AJAX us & international government, intelligence & law enforcement Agency Acess +AJL Association of Jewish Libraries +AJPO ADA Joint Program Office +AK Alaska +AKA Also Known As +AKC American Kennel Club +AL Alabama +AL Albania +AL American League +ALA American Library Association +ALA Associate of the Library Association +ALA Automobile Legal Association +ALAA Associate of the Library Association of Australia +ALAO Academic Library Association of Ohio +ALAP AppleTalk-LocalTalk Link Access Protocol +ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achievable +ALAS Arthropods of La Selva +ALB Albania +ALBM Air-to-Land Ballistic Missile +ALBO Automatic Line BuildOut +ALC Arithmetic and Logic Circuits +ALC Automatic Level Control +ALC Automatic Load Control +ALCOA Aluminum Co. of America +ALCOA Aluminum Company of America +ALCOA Aluminum Corporation of America +ALCS Authors' Licensing and Collecting Society +ALCTS Association for Library Collections & Technical Services +ALE Address Latch Enable +ALEG Address Lifetime Extension Group +ALENA Accord de Libre Echange Nord-Americain +ALENA Association de Libre-echange Nord-Americaine +ALEP Advanced Language Engineering Platform +ALEX Automatic Login Executor +ALEXANDER A Large Eclectic Xylophone Always Needs Dirty Examples, Really +ALEXIS Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors +ALFA Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili +ALFE Analog Line Front End +ALGAE Association of Lesbian and Gay Acuson Employees +ALGOL ALGOrithmic Language +ALGOL Algorithmic Oriented Language +ALI Automatic Location Indentification +ALIA Australian Library and Information Association +ALIB Algemene Leveringsvoorwaarden van Installatiebedrijven +ALIC Arid Lands Information Center +ALIT Automatic Line Insulation Testing +ALJ Australian Library Journal +ALL Acute Lymphcytic Leukemia +ALM Asychronous Line Module +ALM Asynchronous Line Multiplexer +ALNOT ALert NOTice +ALOHA Aboriginal Lands of Hawaiian Ancestry +ALOS Administrative Level of Support +ALOS Average Length Of Stay +ALPA Air Line Pilots Association +ALPA Airline Pilots Association +ALPA Air Line Pilots Association +ALPA the Air Line Pilots Association +ALPO Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers +ALR Advanced Logic Research Inc. +ALR Advanced Logic Research, Inc. +ALRU Automatic Line Record Update +ALS Advanced Launch System +ALS Automated List Service +ALS accident localization system +ALS accident localization system +ALSEP Apollo Lunar Science Experiment Package +ALSI Associazione nazionale dei Laureati in Scienze dell'informazione e Informatica +ALT Alternate +ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit +AM Administrative Module +AM Agricultural and Mechanical +AM Air Marshal +AM Alpes-Maritimes +AM American +AM Americium +AM Amplitude Modulation +AM Ante Meridiem +AM Armenia +AM anno mundi +AMA Alberta Medical Association +AMA American Medical Association +AMA American Medical Association +AMA Association for Model Aviation +AMA Automatic Message Accounting +AMACS Automatic Message Accounting Collection System +AMANDDA Automated Messaging and Directory Assistance +AMARC Automatic Message Accounting Recording Center +AMASE Automatic Message Accounting Standard Entry +AMAT Automatic Message Accounting Transmitter +AMATPS Automatic Message Accounting TeleProcessing System +AMBA Association of Master of Business Administration +AMC Albany Medical College +AMC All My Children +AMC American Motors Corporation +AMC American Movie Classics +AMC American Multi-Cinema +AMD Active Matrix Display +AMD Advanced Micro Devices Inc. +AMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. +AMD Air Movement Device +AMERITECH AMERican Information TECHnologies +AMEX AMerican EXpress +AMEX American Stock Exchange +AMI Alternate Mark Inversion +AMI American Medical International +AMI American Micro System Inc +AMI American Medical International +AMIA American Medical Informatics Association +AMIA American Medical Informatics Associations +AMIS Audio Message Interchange Standard +AMIS Australian Museums Information System +AMMA Advanced Memory Management Architecture +AMORC Ancient & Mystic Order Rosae Crucis +AMORC Ancient Mystic Order Rosae Crucis +AMP Adenosine MonoPhosphate +AMP Australian Mutual Provident +AMP Australian Mutual Provident +AMPAC AMerican PACific +AMPAS Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences +AMPAS Acedemy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences +AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service +AMPTP Association of Motion Picture and Television Producers +AMRAAM Advanced Medium Range Air to Air Missile +AMRAAM Advanced Medium Range Air-To-Air Missile +AMROC American Rocket Company +AMS American Mathematical Society +AMS Atomic Mass Spectroscopy +AMSAT radio AMateur SATellite corp. +AMT Active Memory Technology +AMT Advanced Manufacturing Technology +AMT Alternative Minimum Tax +AMT Alternative Minimum Tax +AMT alternative minimum tax +AMT Alternative Minimum Tax +AMU Atomic Mass Unit +AMVET AMerican VETeran +AMWAY AMerican WAY +AN Associated Number +AN Netherlands Antilles +ANA American Numismatic Association +ANA American Nurses Association +ANA Automatic Number Announcement +ANAC Automatic Number Announcemnt Circuit +ANARE Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions +ANC African National Congress +ANC All Number Calling +ANC American Network Communications +ANC Army Nurse Corps +ANC African National Congress +ANC the African National Congress +ANCOVA Analysis of Covariance +AND Andorra +ANDF Architecture-Neural Distribution Format +ANDF Architecture-Neutral Distribution Format +ANF AppleTalk Networking Forum +ANF Automatic Number Forwarding +ANG Air National Guard +ANI Automatic Number Identification +ANIF Automatic Number Identification Failure +ANKC Australian National Kennel Club +ANL Argonne National Laboratory +ANOVA ANalysis Of VAriance +ANPA American Newspaper Publishers Association +ANSA Association of Norwegian Students Abroad +ANSI American National Standards Institute +ANSTO Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation +ANT Netherlands Antilles +ANU Australian National University +ANZ Australia & New Zealand +ANZ Australia & New Zealand +ANZAC Australia and New Zealand Army Corps +ANZUS Australia, New Zealand, United States +AO Account Of +AO Analog Output +AO Angola +AOA Abort Once Around +AOB Association of Brewers +AOCS Attitude and Orbit Control System +AOE Application Operating Environment +AOEL Acceptable Operator Exposure Level +AOI Automatic Optical Inspection +AOL Absent Over Leave +AOL America Online +AOP Annual Operating Plan +AOPA Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association +AOQ Average Outgoing Quality +AOR Adult Oriented Rock +AORN Association of Operating Room Nurses +AOS Academic Operating System +AOS Acousto-Optic Spectrometer +AOS Acquisition of Signal +AOS Add Or Subtract +AOS Alternate Operator Service +AOSS Auxilliary Operator Service System +AOTBE All Other Things Being Equal +AOU American Ornithologists' Union +AOW Asia and Oceania Workshop +AP Accounts Payable +AP Additional Premium +AP Adjunct Processor +AP All Points +AP Application Process +AP Application Processor +AP Associated Press +AP Attached Processor +AP according to people +AP associated press +AP associated press +AP acceptable parameters +AP associate professor +APA Adaptive Packet Assembly +APA All Points Addressable +APA American Philological Association +APA American Philosophical Association +APA American Psychological Association +APA Arithmetic Processing Accelerator +APA Asian Pacific American +APAC Appalachian People's Action Coalition +APAIS Australian Public Affairs Information Service +APAR Authorized Program Analysis Report +APAREN Address Parity Enable +APAS Advanced Passive Acoustic Sensor +APB All Points Bulletin +APC AMARC Protocol Converter +APC Association for Progressive Communications +APCHQ Association Provinciale Des Constructeurs D'Habitations Du Quebec +APCUG Association of PC User Groups +APDA Apple Programmers and Developers Association +APDU Application Protocol Data Unit +APDU Association of Public Data Users +APE APplication Engineering +APEC Asian Pacific Economic Community +APETQ Association Professionnelle des Enseignants de Technologie du Quebec +APF Asia-Pacific Fellowship +APFIM atom probe field ion microscopy +APFIM atom probe field ion microscopy +APFSDS Armor-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot +APG Aberdeen Proving Ground +API American Petroleum Institute +API American Petroleum Institute +API Application Program Interface +API Application Programming Interface +API American Petroleum Institute +API the American Petroleum Institute +APICS American Production and Inventory Control Society +APJ Astrophysical Journal +APL A Programming Language +APL acute promyelocytic leukemia +APM Advanced Power Management +APM Attached Pressurized Module +APMQ Association professionnelle des meteorologistes du Quebec +APN Asia Pacific Networx +APO Alpha Phi Omega +APO Army Post Office +APP Application Portability Profile +APP Applications Portability Profile +APPA Association of Physical Plant Administrators +APPC Advance Program-to-Program Communication +APPC Advanced Peer-to-Peer Communications +APPC Advanced Program-to-Program Communication +APPC Advanced Program-to-Program Communications +APPC Advanced Program-to-Program Communications +APPI Advanced Peer-to-Peer Internetworking +APPLE Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment +APPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking +APR American Public Radio +APR Annual Percentage Rate +APRA American Prospect Research Association +APRA American popular revolutionary alliance +APRA American popular revolutionary alliance +APS American Physical Society +APS American Psychological Society +APS Asynchronous Protocol Specification +APS Automatic Protection Switch +APSE Ada Programming Support Environment +APT Address Pass Through +APT Analytical Proprietary Trading +APT Automatically Programmed Tools +APT Analytical Proprietary Trading +APU Auxiliary Power Unit +APUD Amine Precursor Uptake and Decarboxilation +APWR Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor +APWR Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor +APWU American Postal Workers Union +APhA American Philological Association +AQ Accumulator-Quotient register +AQ Antarctica +AQHA American Quarter Horse Association +AQL Acceptable Quality Level +AR Accounts Receivable +AR Address Register +AR Alarm Report +AR Anti-Reflective +AR Argentina +AR Arkansas +ARA Apple Remote Access +ARADCOM Army Air Defense Command +ARAL ARomatisch-ALiphatisch +ARAMIS American Rheumatic Arthritis Medical Information System +ARAP Appletalk Remote Access Protocol +ARAR Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement +ARC Alberta Research Council +ARC American Red Cross +ARC Ames Research Center +ARC Assistant Regional Commissioner +ARC Audio Response Controller +ARCA Advanced RISC Computing Architecture +ARCA Automobile Race Car Association +ARCI Associazione Ricreativa Culturale Italiana +ARCO Atlantic Richfield COmpany +ARCS Accelerated Recovery Cost System +ARCS Accounts Receivable Control System +ARCnet Attached Resource Computer Network +ARD Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Rundfunkanstalten Deutschlands +ARE Acronym Rich Environment +ARE Acronym-Rich Environment +ARE United Arab Emirates +ARF Armenian Revolutionary Federation +ARF Armenian Revolutionary Federation +ARG Argentina +ARIS Audichron Recorded Information System +ARIST Annual Review of Information Science and Technology +ARL Adjusted Ring Length +ARL Association of Research Libraries +ARL The Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin +ARLL Advanced Run Length Limited +ARM Acorn Risc Machine +ARM Adjustable Rate Mortgage +ARM Advanced RISC Machines +ARM Annotated Reference Manual +ARM Anti Radiation Missile +ARM Armenia +ARM Asynchronous Response Mode +ARM Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program +ARM adjustable rate mortgages +ARM Angelo R. Mazilo +ARMA Association of Records Managers and Administrators +ARMINJUS Argentinian Access to Ministry of JUstice +ARMM Automated Retroactive Minimal Moderation +ARN afferent renal nerve +ARN afferent renal nerve +ARNES Academic and Research Network of Slovenia +ARO After Receipt of Order +ARO Austin Repeater Organization +ARP Address Resolution Protocol +ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency +ARPAC Atlantic Regional Pesticide Advisory Committee +ARPANet Advanced Research Projects Agency Network +ARPI Award Rates of Pay Index +ARPL Adjust Requested Privilege Level +ARQ Automatic Repeat reQuest +ARRL Amateur Radio Relay League +ARRL American Radio Relay League +ARROW Antiresonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide +ARS Alternate Route Selection +ARSA Airport Radar Service Area +ARSB Automated Repair Service Bureau +ARSSG Acquisition Reform Senior Steering Grou +ART Adaptive Resonance Theory +ARTCC Air Route Traffic Control Center +ARTEMIS Advanced Relay TEchnology MISsion +ARTIC A Real-Time Interface Copressor +ARU Audio Response Unit +ARV American Revised Version +AS American Samoa +AS Anglo-Saxon +AS Autonomous System +AS3AP ANSI SQL Standard Scalable and Portable +ASA Acetyl Salicylic Acid +ASA Acoustical Society of America +ASA American Standards Association +ASA Astronomical Society of the Atlantic +ASAA Asian Studies Association of Australia +ASAE American Society of Agricultural Engineers +ASAIGAC As Soon As I Get A Chance +ASAP As Soon As Possible +ASAP Australian Science Archives Project +ASAP Automatic Switching And Processing +ASARS Advanced Synthetic Aperature Radar System +ASC Accredited Standards Committee +ASC Additional Sense Code +ASCAP American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers +ASCC Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator +ASCD Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development +ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers +ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange +ASCME Association of State, County, and Municipal Employees +ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology +ASCOB Any Solid Color Other than Black +ASCOM US 8th Army base +ASCQ Additional Sense Code Qualifier +ASD Adjustable Speed Drives +ASDAL Association of Seventh-day Adventist Librarians +ASDB Asian Development Bank +ASDF Air Self Defence Force +ASDFASDF Apparently the user is fondling the keyboard +ASDIC Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee +ASDL ASymmetric Digital Loop +ASDL ASymmetric Digital subscriber Loop +ASDL Association for the Society of Deliberate Lesbians +ASDSP Application-Specific Digital Signal Processor +ASEE American Society for Engineering Education +ASET Alberta Society of Engineering Technologists +ASET Applied Science and Engineering Technology +ASFSA American School Food Service Association +ASG Automated Sciences Group +ASHA American Speech Hearing and Language Association +ASHA American Speech and Hearing Association +ASHRAE Amer. Soc. of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-cond. Engineers, inc. +ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiano +ASI Asynchronous SCSI Interface +ASI Automatic System Installation +ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit +ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit +ASIC application-specific-integrated-circuit +ASID American Society of Interior Designers +ASIO Asynchronous Start I/O +ASIO Asynchronous Start Input/Output +ASIS American Society for Information Science +ASIT Advanced Security and Identification Technology +ASK Amplitude Shift Keying +ASL Adaptive Speed Levelling +ASL American Sign Language +ASL Arithmetic Shift Left +ASLA Australian School Library Association +ASLAP American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners +ASM Alternate Stimulus Mode Protocol +ASM American Samoa +ASM American Society of Metals +ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers +ASN Abstract Syntax Notation +ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One +ASN1 Abstract Syntax Notation One +ASOC Administrative Service Oversight Center +ASOS Automated Surface Observation System +ASP Aggregated Switch Procurement +ASP Appletalk Session Protocol +ASP Association of Shareware Professionals +ASP a special program +ASPCA American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals +ASPEN Automatic System for Performance Evaluation of the Network +ASPI Advanced SCSI Programming Interface +ASPJ Airborne Self-Protection Jammer +ASPS Advanced Signal Processing System +ASQC American Society for Quality Control +ASR Airport Surveillance Radar +ASR Arithmetic Shift Right +ASR Association of Student Representatives +ASR Automatic Send-Receive +ASR Automatic Speech Recognition +ASR0 Arithmetic Shift Right toward zero +ASRM Advanced Solid Rocket Motor +ASRS Aviation Safety Reporting System +ASSET Asset Source for Software Engineering Technology +ASSQ Association des Statisticiennes et Statisticiens du Quebec +ASSR Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic +AST AST Research Inc. +AST AST Research, Inc. +AST Applied System Technology +AST Asyncronous System Trap +AST Atlantic Standard Time +ASTD American Soceity for Training and Development +ASTD American Society for Training Development +ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials +ASTM American Society of Testing and Materials +ASV American Standard Version +ASW Anti-Submarine Warfare +ASWA American Society of Women Accountants +ASYNC Asynchronous +AT Access Tandem +AT Advanced Technology +AT America's Talking +AT Atlantic Time +AT Attention +AT Austria +AT&T American Telephone & Telegraph +AT&T American Telephone & Telegraph Co. +AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph +ATA AT Attachment +ATA AT Bus Attachment +ATA Air Transport Association +ATA Air Transport Association of America +ATA Airport Traffic Area +ATA Antarctica +ATA Automatic Trouble Analysis +ATA-2 Advanced Transfer Adapter -2 +ATACC Advanced Tactical Air Command Central +ATB Advanced Technology Bomber +ATB All Trunks Busy +ATC Air Traffic Control +ATC Atsugi Technical Center +ATC Automatic Transmission Control +ATCALS Amazing Torture Cats and Laugh Society +ATDNet Advanced Technology Demonstration Network +ATDP Attention Dial Pulse +ATDRS Advanced Tracking and Data Relay Satellite +ATDT Attention Dial Tone +ATE Automated Test Equipment +ATE Automatic Test Equipment +ATF Advanced Technology Fighter +ATF French Southern Territories +ATG Advanced Technology Group +ATG Antigua And Barbuda +ATH Abbreviated Trouble History +ATH Attention Hang-Up +ATI American Therapeutics Inc. +ATI Automatic Test Inhibit +ATI American Therapeutics Inc. +ATIS Atherton Tools Interface Specification +ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service +ATIS Automatic Transmitter Identification System +ATK Alliant Techsystems Inc. +ATK Alliant Techsystems, Inc. +ATK Andrew ToolKit +ATL Another Three Letter acronym +ATL Atlanta, Georgia airport +ATLA Another Three Letter Acronym +ATLAS Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science +ATM Able Toastmaster +ATM Adobe Type Manager +ATM Adobe Typeface Manager +ATM Amateur Telescope Maker +ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode +ATM Automated Teller Machine +ATM Automatic Teller Machine +ATM automated teller machines +ATM automatic teller machines +ATM automated teller machines +ATM automatically transferring money +ATM-DXI Asynchronous Transfer Mode-Data eXchange Interface +ATMDXI ATM Data eXchange Interface +ATMS Automated Trunk Measurement System +ATN Automated Test Network +ATO Abort To Orbit +ATOMICMAIL A Trademark On MAGICMAIL is Impossible; Clearly Monikers Are Inhibited by Legalisms +ATOMS AT&t Optimized Materials Simulator +ATP Adenosine TriPhosphate +ATP Airline Transport Pilot +ATP All Tests Pass +ATP Appletalk Transaction Protocol +ATP2 AppleTalk Phase 2 +ATPCO Airline Tariff Publishing COmpany +ATR Alternate Trunk Routing +ATR Automatic Target Recognition +ATR Automatic Terminal Recognition +ATRS Automated Trouble Reporting System +ATS Abstract Test Suite +ATS Administrative Terminal System +ATS Apple Terminal Services +ATS Automated Test System +ATS automated trading system +ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry +ATSR Along Track Scanning Radiometer +ATT American Telephone & Telegraph +ATTC American Towing Tank Conference +ATTC Automatic Transmission Test and Control circuit +ATTCOM American Telephone & Telegraph COMmunications +ATTGIS AT&T/Global Information Solutions +ATTIS American Telephone and Telegraph Information Systems +ATTN Attention +ATTRIB Attribute +ATV All Terrain Vehicle +ATWT As The World Turns +AU Arithematic Unit +AU Astronomical Unit +AU Australia +AUB American University of Beirut - Beirut, Lebanon +AUDI Auto Union Deutscher Industrie +AUDIT Automated Data Input Terminal +AUDIX AUDio Information eXchange +AUFORA The Alberta UFO Research Association +AUI Attached Unit Interface +AUI Attachment Unit Interface +AUI Attachment Universal Interface +AUP Acceptable Use Policy +AUP Appropriate Use Policies +AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy +AURI Agricultural Utilization Research Institute +AUS Army of the United States +AUS Australia +AUSIT Australian Institute of Interpreters and Translators +AUT Austria +AUTO Automatic +AUTODIN AUTOmatic DIgital Network +AUTOSEVCOM AUTOmatic SEcure Voice COMmunications +AUTOVON AUTOmatic VOice Network +AUX Apple UniX +AUX Auxiliary +AUXF AUXillary Frame +AV AudioVisual +AVA Audio Visual Authoring +AVC American Veterans Committee +AVC American Veterans Committee +AVC Audio Visual Connection +AVCC Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee +AVCC Australian Vive-Chancellors'Committee +AVCS American Veterinary Computer Society +AVD Alternate Voice Data +AVG Average +AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer +AVI Audio Visual Interleaved +AVLIS Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation +AVMA American Veterinary Medical Association +AVO Amperes-Volts-Ohms +AVO Australian Valuation Office +AVSSCS Audio-Visual Service-Specific Convergence Sublayer +AW Another World +AW Aruba +AW&ST Aviation Week and Space Technology +AWACS Airborne Warnings And Control Systems +AWB Afrikaner Weerstand Beweging +AWEA American Wind Energy Association +AWG American Wire Gauge +AWGTGTATA Are We Going To Go Through All This Again? +AWIS Association for Women in Science +AWK Aho, Weinberger, Kernighan +AWK al Aho, peter Weinberger, brian Kernigham +AWOC Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee +AWOC Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee +AWOL Absent WithOut Leave +AWOL Absent WithOut official Leave +AWOS Automated Weather Observing System +AWPA American Wire Producers Association +AWS Advanced Workstations and Systems +AWST Aviation Week and Space Technology +AWWA American Water Works Association +AX Architecture Extended +AX Automatic Transmission +AX25 Amateur Radio X25 +AXAF Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility +AXBT Airborne eXpendable BathyThermograph +AXP Advanced architecture Processor +AY Arther Young +AYNIL Attack Your Nose, It's Leaking +AZ Arizona +AZ Azerbaijan +AZE Azerbaijan +Access Accessory +AceNET Appalachian Cooperative Economics Network +Acronym A Concise Reduction of Nomenclature Yielding Mnemonics +Alcoa Aluminum Co. of America +Alcoa Aluminum Company of America +Alcoa Aluminum Corporation of America +Alfa Anonima Lombardia Fabbrica Automobili, SpA +B Book +B Byte +B bit +B&W Babcock & Wilcox +B-ISDN Basic Integrated Servcies Digital Network +B-ISDN Basic rate Integrated Servcies Digital Network +B-ISDN Broadband - Integrated Services Digital Network +B.U. Boston University +B.V. breakup value +B/B Back-to-Back +B/F Background/Foreground +B2X Binary To Hexadecimal +B5 Babylon 5 +B6ZS Bipolar with 6 Zero Subsitution +B8ZS Binary 8 Zero Substitution +B911 Basic 911 +BA Bachelor of Arts +BA Bosnia And Herzegovina +BA Butler Aviation +BA BA Acquisition +BA Butler Aviation +BAA British Airports Authority +BABCOM Babylon 5 Communication system +BACH Business Alliance for Commerce in Hemp +BAFO Best And Final Offer +BAGNET Bay Area Gigabit NETwork +BAH Booz-Allen and Hamilton +BAK Binary Adaption Kit +BAL Basic Assembly Language +BALUN BALanced to UNbalanced +BAM Boyan Action Module +BAM Brooklyn Academy of Music +BAM Brooklyn Academy of Music +BAM the Brooklyn Academy of Music +BAMAF BELLCORE AMA Format +BANCS Bell Administrative Network Communications System +BAPCO Bellsouth Advertising & Publishing COmpany +BAR Browning Automatic Rifle +BARCO Belgian American Radio Corporation +BARD Bodleian Access to Remote Databases +BARRNET Bay Area Regional Research Network +BART Bay Area Rapid Transit +BART Bay Area Rapid Transport +BART Bay Area Rapid Transit +BART the Bay Area Rapid Transit +BARTS Bell Atlantic Regional Timesharing +BASEBALL Boys Always Swing Easy; Boys Also Live Longer +BASF Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik +BASH Bourne-Again SHell +BASIC Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code +BASIC Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instuction Code +BASM Built-In Assembler +BATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms +BATNEEC best available techniques not entailing excessive costs +BATSE Burst And Transient Source Experiment +BAV Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Veranderliche +BAe British Aerospace +BB Barbados +BB Bases on Balls +BB Best of Breed +BB Bunnies and Burrows +BBA Bachelor of Business Administration +BBB Better Business Bureau +BBB Better Business Bureau +BBB Better Business Bureaus +BBB Better Business Bureaus +BBC Bergen Brunswig Corp. +BBC British Broadcasting Corp +BBC British Broadcasting Corp. +BBC British Broadcasting Corporation +BBC Bergen Brunswig Corp. +BBC British Broadcasting Corp. +BBFN Bye-Bye For Now +BBIAB Be Back In A Bit +BBIAW Be Back In A While +BBL Barrel +BBL Be Back Later +BBN Bolt, Beranek, and Newman Inc. +BBN Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, Inc. +BBP Baseband Processor +BBS Bulletin Board System +BBSRC Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council +BBXRT Broad-Band X-Ray Telescope +BC Battlecars +BC Before Christ +BC British Columbia +BC/BS Blue Cross/Blue Shield +BCA Billiards Congress of America +BCA Billiards Congress of America +BCA the Billiards Congress of America +BCBS Blue Cross/Blue Shield +BCC Blank Carbon Copy +BCC Blind Carbon Copy +BCC Block Check Character +BCC Blocked Call Cleared +BCCI Bank of Credit and Commerce International +BCD Bad Conduct Discharge +BCD Binary Coded Decimal +BCD Blocked Call Delayed +BCD binary-coded-decimal +BCDIC Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code +BCE Before the Common Era +BCE Bell Canada Enterprises +BCL Batch Command Language +BCMA British Columbia Medical Association +BCNU Be Seeing You +BCP Binary Communications Protocol +BCP Bulk Copy Program +BCP Byte Controlled Protocols +BCPL Basic Combined Programming Language +BCPL Basic Computer Programming Language +BCR Bell Communications Research +BCR Byte Count Register +BCS Bachelor of Commercial Science +BCS Batch Change Supplement +BCS Binary Compatibility Standard +BCS Boston Computer Society +BCS British Computer Society +BCSC British Columbia Systems Corporation +BCWP Budgeted Cost of Work Performed +BCWS Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled +BD Bachelor of Divinity +BD Bangladesh +BD Bank Draft +BD Bills Discounted +BD&D Basic Dungeons & Dragons +BDA Battle Damage Assessment +BDA Bomb Damage Assessment +BDC Boston Development Center +BDD Basic Dungeons & Dragons +BDDN Broadband Data Dissemination Network +BDDP Boulet Dru Dupuy Petit +BDDP Boulet Dru Dupuy Petit +BDF Bidirectional Distribution Function +BDF Binary Distribution Format +BDF Bitmap Description Format +BDF Bitmap Distribution Format +BDI Burundi +BDOS Basic Disk Operating System +BDSM Bondage & Domination, Sado-Masochism +BDT Billing Data Transmitter +BDT Bulk Data Transfer +BDU Brain Dead User +BE Back End +BE Belgium +BE Below or Equal +BE Bill of Exchange +BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis +BEAV Binary Editor And Viewer +BEBC Big European Bubble Chamber +BEBC Big European Bubble Chamber +BECAUSE BEnchmark of Concurrent Architectures for their Use in Scientific Engineering +BED Hanscom Field, Bedford MA +BEF Band Elimination Filter +BEF British Expeditionary Force +BEI Banque Europeenne d'Investissement +BEI European Investment Bank +BEL Belgium +BEL Bell +BELCORE BELL COmmunications REsearch +BELLCORE BELL COmmunications REsearch +BEM Bug Eyed Monster +BEM Bug-Eyed Monster +BEN Benin +BENELUX BElgium, NEtherlands, and LUXembourg +BER Basic Encoding Rules +BER Bit Error Rate +BERKOM Berliner Kommunikationssystem +BERT Bit Error Rate Test +BERT Bit Error Rate Tester +BEST Borland Enhanced Support and Training +BET Black Entertainment Television +BETRS Basic Exchange Telecommunications Radio Service +BF Bad Flag +BF Brought Forward +BF Burkina Faso +BFA Bachelor of Fine Arts +BFA Burkina Faso +BFD Big Fucking Deal +BFD Boulder Fire Department +BFD Bristol Fire DEpartment +BFE Bum Fuck Egypt +BFG Big Friendly Giant +BFG Big Fucking Gun +BFHD Big Fat Hairy Deal +BFL Buffered FET Logic +BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator +BFPO British Forces Posted Overseas +BFR Biennial Flight Review +BFT Binary File Transfer +BG Bulgaria +BGC BubbleGum Crisis +BGD Bangladesh +BGE Branch if Greater or Equal +BGP Border Gateway Protocol +BGP-4 Border Gateway Protocol 4 +BGP4 Border Gateway Protocol version 4 +BGR Bulgaria +BGT Branch if Greater Than +BH Bahrain +BH Black Hole +BH Boot Hill +BHA Butylated HydroxyAnisole +BHC Busy Hour Calls +BHI Branch if Higher +BHIS Branch if Higher or Same +BHP Brake HorsePower +BHP Broken Hill Proprietary +BHP Broken Hill Proprietary +BHR Bahrain +BHS Bahamas +BHT Butylated HydroxyToluene +BHUSD Beverly Hills Unified School District +BI Backplane Interconnect +BI Bibliographic Instruction +BI Binary Input +BI Burundi +BI Bus Interconnect +BIABH Bringing It All Back Home +BIBLE Basic Instructions Before Leaving Earth +BICMOS BIpolar Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor +BICS Building Industry Consulting Services +BICSI Building Industry Consulting Service International +BID Bis In Die +BID Inter-American Development Bank +BID Twice a day +BIDS Bath Information & Data Services +BIDS Bath Information and Data Services +BIF Before I Forget +BIF Binary Information File +BIG Bond Investors Group +BIG Bond Investors Group +BIG Bond Investors Guaranty +BIH Bosnia And Herzegovina +BILBO Built-In Logic Block Observer +BIM Beginning of Information Marker +BIMA Berkeley Illinois Maryland Array +BIMOS BiPolar Metal Oxide Semicondutor Transistor +BINAC Binary Automatic Computer +BIND Berkeley Internet Name Domain +BIOC Break Into Other Computers +BIONICS BIOlogical ElectroNICS +BIOS Basic Input Output System +BIOS Basic Input/Output System +BIOS Bioregional On-line Information Service +BIOSIS BioSciences Information Service +BIP Books in Print +BIP Banque Internationale de Placement +BIP Banque Internationale de Placement +BIS Boundary Intermediate System +BIS Business Information System +BISA Book Industry Systems Advisory Committee +BISDN Broadband - Integrated Services Digital Network +BISDN Broadband ISDN +BISP Business Information System Program +BIST Built-In Self Test +BISYNC Binary Synchronous Communications +BIT Binary digIT +BIT Bipolar Integrated Technology Inc +BITNET Because-It's-There Network +BITS Biotechnology Information Toolkit Software +BITS Building Integrated Timing System +BIU Bus Interface Unit +BIX Byte Information Exchange +BJ Benin +BK Burger King +BK Burger King +BKS bosonic knotted string +BKS bosonic knotted string +BKSP Backspace +BL Backlit +BL Bill of Loading +BL Burnham Lambert +BLAISE British Library Automated Information Service +BLAS Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines +BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool +BLAST Blocked Asynchronous Transmission +BLDC LoaD a Bit to the Carry bit +BLDS Busy Line/Don't Answer +BLE Branch if Less or Equal +BLER Block Error Rate +BLERT BLock Error Rate Test +BLEU Belgium Luxemburg Economic Union +BLF Busy Lamp Field +BLF Busy Line Field +BLIS Brunel Library and Information Service +BLK Block +BLM Bureau of Land Management +BLM Bureau of Land Management +BLMC Buried Logic Macrocell +BLOB Binary Large Object +BLOBS Binary Large OBjectS +BLOS Branch if Lower Or Same +BLR Belarus +BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics +BLS Business Listing Service +BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics +BLS the Bureau of Labor Statistics +BLT BLock Transfer +BLT BLock Transfer Instruction +BLT Bacon, Lettuce, and Tomato +BLV Busy Line Verification +BLZ Belize +BM Basal Metabolism +BM Bermuda +BM Bowel Movement +BM Boyer-Moore +BM Breakdown Maintenance +BMA Bank Marketing Association +BMA Business Men 's Assurance +BMC Bell Mueller Cannon +BMC Bell Mueller Cannon +BMDO Ballistic Missile Defense Organization +BMEWS Ballistic Missile Early Warning +BMEWS Ballistic Missile Early Warning System +BMFSOB Big Mother Fucking Son Of a Bitch +BMG Bloomington, IN +BMI Branch if Minus +BMI Broadcast Music Inc. +BMIC BusMaster Interface Controller +BMISPMIANR Bite Me. I Shall Prevail. Mine Is A Noble Race. +BMJ British Medical Journal +BMM Borrowed Military Manpower +BMO Ballistic Missile Office +BMOC Big Man On Campus +BMP Batch Message Processing Program +BMP Benchmark Plan +BMP bone morphogenetic protein +BMP bone morphogenetic protein-1 +BMR Basal Metabolism Rate +BMRC British Medical Research Council +BMT Beam Management Terminal +BMU Bermuda +BMUG Berkeley Macintosh User Group +BMUG Berkeley Macintosh Users' Group +BMW Bavarin Motor Works +BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke +BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG +BMW Bayerische MotorenWerke +BMW Bayerische MotorenWerke AG +BMWMOA BMW Motorcycle Owners of America +BMWRA BMW Riders Association International +BN Brunei Darussalam +BNA Blackwell North America Inc. +BNA Blackwell North America, Inc. +BNA Bureau of National Affairs +BNC Bayonet Navy Connector +BNC Bayonet Neill Concelman +BNC Berkley Nucleonics Corporation +BNC British Naval Connectors +BNCC Base Network Control Center +BNE Branch if Not Equal +BNET Berkeley NETworking +BNF Bachus-Naur Form +BNFL British Nuclear Fuels Ltd +BNP Banque Nationale de Paris +BNR Bell-Northern Research +BNRCVUUCP Batch News ReCeive Via UUCP +BNS Billed Number Screening +BNSC British National Space Centre +BNU Basic Networking Utilities +BO Binary Output +BO Body Odor +BO Bolivia +BO Branch Office +BO Buyer's Option +BOA Ban On Acronyms +BOB Blonde on Blonde +BOC Bell Operating Company +BOC British Oxygen Company +BOCES Board Of Cooperative Educational Services +BOCES Board of Cooperative Educational Servcies +BOCES Bureau of Cooperative Education and Service +BOD Board Of Directors +BOF Birds Of a Feather +BOFH Bastard Operators From Hell +BOHICA Bend Over Here It Comes Again +BOHICA Bend Over, Here It Comes Again +BOJ Bank of Japan +BOKU Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien +BOL Bolivia +BOM Beginning Of Message +BOM Bill Of Materials +BOM Book Of Mormon +BONDING Bandwidth ON Demand INteropability Group +BOOM Binocular Omni-Oriented Monitor +BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol +BOQ Bachelor Officers' Quarters +BOR Basic Output Report +BORPQU Borland Pro Quattro +BORQU Borland Quattro +BORSCHT Battery, Overvoltage, Ringing, Supervision, Coding, Hybrid Test +BOS Basic Operating System +BOS Boston MA +BOS Business Office Supervisor +BOSIX Biin Open System Interface eXtension +BOSS Billing and Order Support System +BOSS Business Online Scheduling System +BOT Beginning Of Tape +BOYBBF Bend Over You Bohemian Butt Fucker +BP BP Petroleum +BP Base Pointer +BP Blood Pressure +BP British Petroleum +BP British Pharmacopoeia +BP British Petroleum +BPA Bonneville Power Administration +BPA Bonneville Power Administration +BPB BIOS Parameter Block +BPC Battery Park City +BPC BPCA President and CEO +BPC Battery Park City +BPC the Battery Park City +BPCA Battery Park City Authority +BPCA Battery Park City Authority +BPCA the Battery Park City Authority +BPEO Best Practical Environmental Options +BPEO Best Practical Environmental Options +BPI Bits Per Inch +BPI Blocks Per Inch +BPI Bytes Per Inch +BPL Branch if PLus +BPM Beats Per Minute +BPM Beats per Minute +BPOC Bell Point Of Contact +BPOE Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks +BPPS Basing-Point Pricing System +BPR Business Process Re-engineering +BPR Business Process Reengineering +BPS Bits Per SEcond +BPS Bytes Per Second +BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying +BPSS Basic Packet-Switching Service +BR Bad Register +BR Bills Receivable +BR Brazil +BR British Rail +BRA Boston Redevelopment Authority +BRA Brazil +BRAC Bangladesh Rural Assistance Committee +BRAC Base Realignment And Closure committee +BRAC Base Realignment and Closure +BRAT Business Residence Account Tracking system +BRB Barbados +BRB Be right back. +BRC Business Reply Card +BRCS Business Residence Custom Service +BRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function +BRGC Binary Reflected Gray Code +BRI Basic Rate Interface +BRI Brain Response Interface +BRI basic-rate-interface +BRIEF Basic Reconfigurable Interactive Editing Facility +BRL Ballistics Research Lab +BRL army Ballistic Research Laboratory +BRM Basic Remote Module +BRN Brunei Darussalam +BRS Bibliographic Retrieval Service +BS Bachelor of Science +BS Back Space +BS Bahamas +BS Banded Signaling +BS Bethlehem Steel +BS Bill of Sale +BS British Standards +BS Bethlehem Steel +BSA Basic Serving Arrangements +BSA Birmingham Small Arms +BSA Bovine Serum Albumin +BSA Boy Scouts of America +BSAM Basic Sequential Access Method +BSBH Busy Season Busy Hour +BSC Bachelor of SCience +BSC Binary Synchronous Communications +BSC Business Service Center +BSCM BiSynchronous Communications Module +BSCS Bachelor of Science in Computer Science +BSD Berkeley Software Distribution +BSD Berkeley Software Distributions +BSD Berkely Standard Distribution +BSDI Berkeley Software Design Inc +BSDI Berkeley Software Design, Inc +BSDR British Society for Dental Research +BSE Basic Service Element +BSF Bell Shock Force +BSF Bit Scan Forward +BSI British Standards Institute +BSI British Standards Institution +BSMTP Batched SMTP +BSN Bachelor of Science in Nursing +BSOC Bell Systems Operating Company +BSOM Beats the Shit Outa Me +BSOOM Beats the Shit out of Me +BSOTWU Bad Spellers Of The World Untie! +BSP Bell System Practice +BSPP British Society for Plant Pathology +BSPP Burma Socialist Program Party +BSPP Burma Socialist Program Party +BSPP Burma Socialist Program Party +BSR Bit Scan Reverse +BSRFS Bell System Reference Frequency Standard +BSS Basic Synchronized Subset +BSS Block Started by Symbol +BSSDF Bidirectional Surface-Scattering Distribution Function +BST Basic Services Terminal +BSTC STore the Carry bit to a Bit +BSTJ Bell System Technical Journal +BSV BASIC Bsave Graphics +BSW Boston Software Works +BSY Busy +BSYNC Binary Synchronous Communications +BT Bankers Trust +BT Bhutan +BT Bit Test +BT British Telecom +BT Bus Terminator +BT Bankers Trust +BTAM Basic Telecommunications Access Method +BTB Branch Target Buffer +BTC Bit Test and Complement +BTCS BiberTel Consulting Services +BTDF Bidirectional Transmission Distribution Function +BTDT Been There, Done That +BTEC Business and Technology Education Council +BTHOOM Beats The Hell Out Of Me +BTHU British Thermal Unit +BTL Backplane Transceiver Logic +BTL Bell Telephone Laboratories +BTL backplane-transceiver-logic +BTN Bhutan +BTN Billing Telephone Number +BTO Bachman Turner Overdrive +BTOL Better Than Open Look +BTP Batch Transfer Program +BTPON Business Telephony on Passive Optical Network +BTR Bit Test and Reset +BTRON Business TRON +BTS Bit Test and Set +BTS Board Tracking System +BTSOOM Beats the shit out of me +BTU British Thermal Unit +BTU British thermal unit +BTU British thermal unit +BTW By The Way +BTX Bildschirm-TeXt +BTX BildschirmTeXt +BU Boston University +BU Brunel University +BU Bushido +BU Business Units +BUAF Big Ugly Ascii Font +BUBL BUlletin Board for Libraries +BUF Big Ugly Fellow +BUF Buffer +BUFF Big Ugly Fat Fellow +BUFORA The British UFO Research Association +BUMS Brunel University Mountaineering Society +BURP Big Ugly Rock Piece +BURP Brewers United for Real Potables +BUS Basic Utility System +BUSU Brunel University Students Union +BUT Board Under Test +BUTT Part of the body used for sitting and going to the bathroom +BV Blessed Virgin +BV Bouvet Island +BVA Billing Validation Application +BVC Billing Validation Center +BVI British Virgin Islands +BVI British Virgin Islands +BVI the British Virgin Islands +BVT Bouvet Island +BVY Beverly MA +BW Biological warfare +BW Botswana +BW Business Wire +BWA Botswana +BWC BandWidth Compression +BWI Baltimore-Washington International +BWI British West Indies +BWM Block-Write Mode +BWM Broadcast Warning Message +BWT Broadcast Warning TWX +BWTS BandWidth Test Set +BX Base eXchange +BY Belarus +BY Byelorussian Ssr +BYOB Bring Your Own Beer +BYOB Bring Your Own Book +BYOB Bring Your Own Booze +BYOB Bring Your Own Bottle +BYS Byelorussian Ssr +BYTE Binary Element String +BYU Brigham Young University +BZ Belize +BZD BenZoDiazepine +BZW Barclays de Zotte Wedd +BZW BeZiehungsWeise +BiDi Bidirectional +BiSYNC Binary Synchronous Communications +BitBlt Bit BLock Transfer +BoB Break-out Box +BoB Bureau of the Budget +C C Programming Language +C Copper +C programming language +C&P Chesapeake & Potomac +C&S Chivalry & Sorcery +C&T Chips and Technologies +C&T Communications & Tracking +C-CASE component-CASE +C.A.I.P. Catholic Association for International Peace +C/D Control Data +C/O in Care Of +C/S Client Server +C/S Client/Server +C2D Character To Decimal +C2X Character To Hexadecimal +C3I Command Control Communications & Intelligence +C3I Command, Control, Communication and Intelligence +C3I Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence +C4I Command, Control, Communication, Computers and Intelligence +CA CAble +CA California +CA Canada +CA Central America +CA Chartered Accountant +CA Chief Accountant +CA Chronological Age +CA Collision Avoidance +CA chromosomal aberrations +CA chromosomal aberrations +CAA Civil Aviation Authority +CAA Clean Air Act +CAA Creative Artists Agency +CAAC Civil Aviation Administration of China +CAAC Civil Aviation Administration of China +CAASHHE Canadian Association Against Sexual Harassment in Higher Education +CAB Civil Aeronautics Board +CABG Coronary Artery Bypass Graft +CABS Carrier Access Billing System +CAC Calling-card Authorization Center +CAC Carrier Access Code +CAC Circuit Administration Center +CAC Climate Analysis Center +CAC Climate Analysis Center of NOAA +CAC Connection Admission Control +CAC Customer Administration Center +CACCl Climate Analysis Center +CACCl Climate Analysis Center of NOAA +CACM Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery +CACS Center for Advanced Computer Studies +CAD Computer Aided Design +CAD Computer Aided Design +CAD Computer-Aided Design +CAD Computer-Aided Dispatch +CAD computer-aided-design +CADD Computer-Aided Design and Drafting +CADV Combined Alternate Data/Voice +CAE Common Applications Environment +CAE Computer-Aided Education +CAE Computer-Aided Engineering +CAE computer-aided-engineering +CAF Central African Republic +CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Economy +CAFF the program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna +CAFFU Combined Allied Forces Fuck Up +CAG Column Address Generator +CAGD Computer-Aided Geometric Design +CAGE Commercial And Government Entity +CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate +CAI Call Assembly Index +CAI Computer Aided Instruction +CAI Computer Application Inc +CAI Computer Assisted Instruction +CAIS Colocated Automatic Intercept System +CAIS Common Apse Interface Specification +CAJ Canadian Association of Journalists +CAL Calendar +CAL Computer Aided Learning +CALL Computer Assisted Language Learning +CALL computer aided language learning +CALRS Centralized Automatic Loop Reporting System +CALS Commerce At Light Speed +CALS Continuous Acquisition and Life cycle Support +CAM Common Access Method +CAM Competency Acquisition and Maintenance +CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing +CAM Content Addressable Memory +CAM Contents Addressable Memory +CAMA Centralized Automatic Message Accounting +CAMAC Computer Automated Measurement And Control +CAMEO Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations +CAMIS Center for Advanced Medical Informatics at Stanford +CAMM Computer Assisted Material Management +CAMP Campaign Against Marijuana Planting +CAMRA CAMpaign for Real Ale +CAMS Competency Acquisition & Maintenance System +CAMS Computer Aided Manufacturing Systems +CAMS Consolidated Aircraft Maintenance Squadron +CAN Campus Area Network +CAN Canada +CAN Cancel +CANOLA CANada Oil Low Acid +CANOPUS Canadian Auroral Network for the Open Program Unified Study +CAO Chief Administrative Officer +CAOS City of Austin Open Systems +CAP Central Arbitration Point +CAP Civil Air Patrol +CAP Columbia Appletalk Package +CAP Communication Application Platform +CAP Competency Acquisition Program +CAP Computer Aided Publishing +CAPCOM CAPsule COMmunicator +CAPCOM CAPsule COMmunicator - the person in charge of all voice comms from ground to a space vehicle +CAPD Computing To Assist Persons With Disabilities +CAPP Computer Aided Process Planning +CAPS Capitals +CAPS Cassette Programming System +CAPSE Computer Aided Parallel Software Engineering +CAPTAIN Character And Pattern Telephone Access Information Network +CAR Central African Republic +CAR Computer Access & Retrieval +CAR Contents of the Address part of the Register +CARAS Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences +CARDS Comprehensive Approach to Reusable Defense Software +CARE Committee on American Relief in Europe +CARL California Academic and Research Librarians +CAROT Centralized Automatic Reporting On Trunks +CARP California Air Resources Board +CARS Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy +CART Championship Auto Racing Teams +CAS Circuit Associated Signaling +CAS Column Address Select +CAS Communicating Application Specification +CAS Communications Application Specification +CAS Computer Aided Styling +CAS Computerized Autodial System +CASA Chinese-American Students Association +CASA the Contemporary A cappella Society of America +CASE Common Application Service Element +CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering +CASE Computer-aided-software-engineering +CASE computer-aided-software-engineering +CASE computer-aided-software-engineering +CASI Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute +CASI Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager +CASL Crosstalk Application Scripting Language +CASMAC Core Australian Specification for Management and Administrative Computing +CASS Computer Assisted Search Service +CASSCF Complete Active-Space Self-Consistent Field +CASSIS Classification and Search Support Information System +CASSIS Classified and Search Support Information System +CAST Centre d'Appui Scientifique et Technologique +CAT California Achievement Test +CAT Computer Aided Tomography +CAT Computer Aided Transcription +CAT Computer Assisted Typesetter +CAT Computer-Aided Tomography +CAT Craft Access Terminal +CAT Customer Acceptance Test +CAT conCATenate +CAT California Achievement Test +CATF Commander Amphibious Task Force +CATI Computer Aided Telephone Interviewing +CATIS Common Applications and Tools Integration Services +CATLAS Centralized Automatic Trouble Locating and Analysis System +CATS Computer Assisted Training System +CATV Cable Television +CATV Community Antenna TeleVision +CAU Connection Arrangement Unit +CAUS Citizens Against UFO Secrecy +CAV Constant Angular Velocity +CAVEAT Citizens Against Violence Everywhere Advocating its Termination +CAVU Ceiling And Visibility Unlimited +CAW Canadian Auto Workers Union +CB Citizens Band radio +CB Consolidated Bathurst +CBBS Computer Bulletin Board System +CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corp +CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corporation +CBC Carolina Bird Club +CBC Complete Blood Count +CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corp +CBCR Channel Byte Count Register +CBD Cash Before Delivery +CBD Central Business District +CBD Commerce Business Daily +CBEMA Computer & Business Equipment Manufacturers Association +CBEMA Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association +CBERS China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite +CBGB Country BlueGrass and Blues +CBGB Country music and Blue Grass Blues +CBGB Country, Blue Grass and Blues +CBI Computer Based Instruction +CBI Confederation of British Industry +CBI Confederation of British Industry +CBI the Confederation of British Industry +CBIS Cincinnati Bell Information Systems +CBJ City and Borough of Juneau +CBJ City and Borough of Juneau Alaska +CBL Computer Based Learning +CBLA Carolina Brown Lung Association +CBM Commodore Business Machines +CBOE Chicago Board Options Exchange +CBOE Chicago Board Options Exchange +CBOE the Chicago Board Options Exchange +CBOT Chicago Board Of Trade +CBOT Chicago Board of Trade +CBP Coded Block Pattern +CBR Case-Based Reasoning +CBR Chemical, Biological, Radiological warfare +CBR Constant Bit Rate +CBR Cosmic Background Radiation +CBS Columbia Broadcasting System +CBS CrossBar Switching +CBT Center for Building Technology +CBT Center for Building Technology +CBT Computer Based Training +CBT Core Based Tree +CBW Chemical and Biological Warfare +CBW Convert Byte to Word +CBX Computer-Controlled Branch Exchange +CBX Computerized Branch eXchange +CC Carbon Copy +CC Center Conductor +CC Central Control +CC Cluster Controller +CC Cocos Islands +CC Common Control +CC Cost Center +CC Country Code +CC Keeling Islands +CC continuous-composite +CCA Computer Corporation of America +CCAFS Cape Canaveral Air Force Station +CCC Canadian Committee on Cataloging +CCC Central Control Complex +CCC Ceramic Chip Carriers +CCC Civil Conservation Corps +CCC Civilian Conservation Corps +CCC Command, Control, and Communications +CCC Computer Control Center +CCC Concourse Computer Center +CCCCM CCC CounterMeasures +CCCI Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence +CCCT Canadian Centre for Creative Technology +CCD Charge Coupled Device +CCD Charged-Coupled Device +CCD Computer-Controlled Display +CCDS Centers for the Commercial Development of Space +CCF Hundred Cubic Feet +CCFT Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tube +CCH Connections per Circuit per Hour +CCHFA Canadian Committee on Health Facilities Accreditation +CCHSE Canadian College of Health Service Executives +CCI Computer Carrier Interrupt +CCI Computer Consoles Incorporated +CCI Computer Consoles, Incorporated +CCIM Certified Commercial Investment Member +CCIP Continuously Computed Impact Point +CCIR Comite' Consultatif International des Radio Communications +CCIRN Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networks +CCIS Common Channel Interoffice Signaling +CCITT Comite' Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique +CCITT Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone +CCITT International Consultative Committee for Telegraphy and Telephony +CCK Cocos Islands +CCK Computers by Constantin Kyriazopoulos +CCK Keeling Islands +CCL Console Command Language +CCNC Common Channel Network Controller +CCNC Communications Network Center +CCNC Computer Network Center +CCP Colombian communist party +CCP Colombian communist party +CCP Console Command Processor +CCP crypt cell proliferation +CCP crypt cell proliferation +CCR Commitment, Concurrency, and Recovery +CCR Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions +CCR Creedence Clearwater Revival +CCR Customer-Controlled Reconfiguration +CCRI Community College of Rhode Island +CCRP Continuously Computed Release Point +CCS Combat Control System +CCS Common Channel Signaling +CCS Common Command Set +CCS Common Communications Support +CCS Continuous Composite Servo +CCS Hundred Call Seconds +CCS7 Common Channel Signalling version #7 +CCSA Common Control Switching Arrangement +CCSD Canadian Council on Social Development +CCT Central Control Terminal +CCT Computer & Communication Technology +CCTA Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency +CCTAC Computer Communications Trouble Analysis Center +CCTV Closed Circuit TeleVision +CCU COLT Computer Unit +CCV Calling Card Validation +CCW Counter ClockWise +CD Carrier Detect +CD Certificate of Deposit +CD Certificate of deposit +CD Change Directory +CD Civil Defense +CD Collision Detection +CD Color Display +CD Compact Disk +CD certificate of deposit +CD certificates of deposit +CD certificates of deposits +CD circular dichroism +CD circular dichroism +CD compact-disk +CD-I CD-Interactive +CD-I Compact Disk - Interactive +CD-I Compact-Disc Interactif +CD-MO Compact Disk - Magneto Optical +CD-R Compact Disk - Recordable +CD-RDx Compact Disk - Read Only Memory Data Exchange Standard +CD-ROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory +CD-ROM Compact Disk Read-Only Memory +CD-RTOS Compact Disk - Real Time Operating System +CD-V Compact Disk - Video +CD-WO Compact Disk - Write Once +CD-XA Compact Disk - Extended Architecture +CDA Call Data Accumulator +CDA Canadian Dental Association +CDA Coin Detection and Announcement +CDA Compound Document Architecture +CDAR Customer Dialed Account Recording +CDB Command Descriptor Block +CDB Customer Distributed Buglist +CDBG Community Development Block Grant +CDBG Community Development Block Grant +CDBG Community Development Block Grant +CDC California Democratic Council +CDC Centers for Disease Control +CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention +CDC Control Data Corp. +CDC Control Data Corporation Inc. +CDC Control Data Corporation, Inc. +CDCF Cumulative Discounted Cash Flow +CDDA CD-ROM Direct Access +CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface +CDE Complex Data Entry +CDEV Control panel DEVice +CDF Combined Distributing Frame +CDF Context-Dependent File +CDG Control Dependence Graph +CDI CD-interactive +CDI Circle Digit Identification +CDI Course Deviation Indicator +CDIAC Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center +CDIF Case Data Interchange Format +CDL City Development Ltd. +CDL Computer Design Language +CDL City Development Ltd. +CDM Cold Dark Matter +CDMA Code Division Multiple Access +CDMA code division multiple access +CDMO Centre de Droit Maritime et Oceanique +CDO Community Dial Office +CDOCS Classified Document Control System +CDOS Concurrent Disk Operating System +CDP Career Development Program +CDP Certificate in Data Processing +CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data +CDPR Customer Dial Pulse Receiver +CDPX ChlorDiazePoXide +CDR Call Detail Recording +CDR Call Dial Rerouting +CDR CommanDeR +CDR Contents of the Decrement part of the Register +CDR Critical Design Review +CDRH Center for Devices and Radiological Health +CDRH Center for Devices and Radiological Health +CDRL Contract Data Requirements List +CDROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory +CDS Craft Dispatch System +CDS Current Directory Structure +CDSF Commercially Developed Space Facility +CDT Call Data Transmitter +CDT Central Daylight Time +CDT computer-driven trading +CDT computer-driven trading +CDU Christian Democratic Union +CDU Control Display Unit +CDU Christian Democratic Union +CDV Cell Delay Variation +CDW Charge Density Wave +CDW Charge Density Wave +CDW Collision Damage Waiver +CDW Computer Discount Warehouse +CD_CHRDY Card Channel Ready +CDint Computing Devices International +CE Cache Enable +CE Chemical Engineer +CE Chip Enable +CE Civil Engineer +CE Collision Elimination +CE Common Era +CE Convert Enable +CE Corps of Engineers +CE Coulomb-Explosion +CE Coulomb-Explosion +CE Customer Engineer +CEA Center For EUV Astrophysics +CEA Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique +CEA Council of Economic Advisors +CEA County Education Authority +CEC Commission of the European Communities +CED Committee for Economic Development +CEDEFOP European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training +CEDEX Courrier d'Entreprise Distribution Exceptionelle +CEDR Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource +CEEM Center for Electrical and Electro-optic Materials +CEERT Coalition for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Technologies +CEES Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies +CEF Cable Entrance Facility +CEFMS Corps of Engineers Financial Management System +CEG Continuous Edge Graphics +CEGB Central Electricity Generating Board +CEGB Central Electricity Generating Board +CEGEP College D'Enseignement General Et Professionnel +CEGEP College d'Enseignement General et Professionnel +CEI Comparably Efficient Interconnection +CEI Conducted Electromagnetic Interference +CEI Connection Endpoint Identifier +CELP Code Excited Linear Prediction +CELSS Controlled Ecological Life Support System +CEN Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires +CENELEC Comite European de Normalisation Electronique +CENELEC Comite Europeen de Normalisation Electrotechnique +CENELEC Comite Europeen de Normalisation eLeCtrotechnique +CENELEC Comite Europeenne pour la Normalisation Electrotechnique +CENELEC Conseil Europeen pour la Normalisation eLeCtricite +CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation +CENS Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Seclay +CENTO CENtral Treaty Organization +CEO Chief Executive Officer +CEO chief executive officer +CEO chief executive officer +CEOS Committee on Earth Observation Satellites +CEPT Conference European des Postes et Telecommunications +CEPT Conference Europeene de Postes and Telecommunications +CEPT Conference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et des Telecomm. +CER Cell Error Ratio +CERC Coal Energy Research Committee +CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act +CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation,and Liability Act +CERFNET California Education and Research Federation Network +CERL Ceramic Engineering Research Lab +CERL Civil Engineering Research Laboratory +CERL Component Evaluation and Reliability Laboratory +CERMET Ceramic Metal Element +CERN Centre Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaire +CERN Conseil Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaires +CERN organisation Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaires +CERRA Centre for Economic Research on Retirement and Ageing +CERT Computer Emergency Response Team +CET Central European Time +CETS Computer and Educational Technology Services +CEV Controlled Environment Vault +CEVI Common Equipment Voltage Indicator +CEVS Controlled Environment Vitrification System +CEVS Controlled Environment Vitrification System +CF Carry Forward +CF Central African Republic +CF Coin First payphone +CF Cystic Fibrosis +CF CONSOLIDATED FREIGHTWAYS +CFA Center For Astrophysics +CFB Canadian Forces Base +CFB Color Frame Buffer +CFC Chloro-FluoroCarbon +CFC Combined Federal Campaign +CFCA Communications Fraud Control Association +CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics +CFDA Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance +CFF Columbus Free Flyer +CFHT Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope +CFI Certificated Flight Instructor +CFI Cost, Freight, and Insurance +CFIDS Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome +CFL Canadian Football League +CFM Code Fragment Manager +CFO Chief Financial Officer +CFP Call For Papers +CFR Code of Federal Regulations +CFRONT C++ Frontend Processor +CFS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome +CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission +CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission +CFV Call For Votes +CG Coast Guard +CG Columbia Gas +CG Commanding General +CG Computer Graphics +CG Congo +CG computor graphics +CG computor graphics +CG Columbia Gas +CG&E Cincinatti Gas & Electric +CGA Color Graphics Adapter +CGCT Compagnie Generale de Constructions Telephoniques +CGE Cie Generale d'Electricite +CGE Cincinnati Gas & Electric +CGE Compagnie Generale d'Electricite +CGI Common Gateway Interface +CGI Computer Generated Images +CGI Computer Graphics Interface +CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research +CGL Center for Group Learning +CGN Concentrator Group Number +CGRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory +CGS Centimeter-Gram-Second +CGTD Center for Global Trade Development +CGX Chicago IL +CH Cardboard Heroes +CH ClearingHouse +CH CourtHouse +CH Customs House +CH Switzerland +CHA Champions +CHADD CHildren and adults with Attention Deficit Disorder +CHAM Chained Access Method +CHAOS Cooperative Hedonists Against Ordered Society +CHAOS university of CHicago Asyncronous Operating System +CHAP CHAnnel Processor +CHAP CHallenge Authentication Protocol +CHAP Challenge Authentication Protocol +CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol +CHAR Character +CHARA Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy +CHARGEN CHARacter GENerator +CHCK Channel Check +CHCP Change Code Page +CHE Switzerland +CHF Congestive Heart Failure +CHGRP Change Group +CHI Chill: Adventures into the Unknown +CHILL CCITT HIgh Level Language +CHIPS California HIghway Patrol +CHKDSK Check Disk +CHL Chile +CHMOD Change Mode +CHN China +CHOTS Corporate Headquarters Office Technology System +CHOWN Change Owner +CHP California Highway Patrol +CHP Chapter +CHR Character +CHROMEX CHROMosomes and Plant Cell Division in Space EXperiment +CHRP Common Hardware Reference Platform +CHUD Cannabalistic Humanoid Underground Dwellers +CHUNNEL CHannel tUNNEL +CHUNNEL CHannel tuNNEL +CHUNNEL Channel Tunnel between Britain and France +CI Chelsea Industries +CI Cote D'Ivoire +CI Cubic Inches +CI Chelsea Industries +CIA Central Intelligence Agency +CIA Certified Internal Auditor +CIA Culinary Institute of America +CIAC Computer Incident Advisory Capability +CIAU Canadian Interuniversity Athletic Union +CIB Centro Interfacolta per le Biblioteche +CIB Console Interface Board +CIBC Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce +CIC Carrier Identification Code +CIC Chemical Institute of Canada +CIC Coordination and Information Center +CICA Competition in Contracting Act +CICEI Centro Informatico y de Comunicaciones de Edificio de Ingenierias +CICS Customer Information Control System +CICS customer information control system +CICS/VS Customer Information Control System/Virtual Storage +CICSVS Customer Information Control System / Virtual Storage +CID Central Institute for the Deaf +CID Charge Injection Device +CID Computer Integrated Design +CID Configuration/Installation/Distribution +CIDA Canadian International Development Agency +CIDAS Compusult Integrated Data Access System +CIDIN Common Icao Data Interchange Network +CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing +CIDR Classless Internet Domain Routing +CIE Commission Internationale de l'eclairage +CIE Coras Iompar Eireann +CIF Caltech Intermediate Form +CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight +CIF Crystallographic Information File +CIGS Cataloguing and Indexing Group in Scotland +CIGTF Central Inertial Guidance Test Facility +CII Call Identity Index +CIIR Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval +CIKM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management +CIL Center for Independent Living +CIM CompuServe Information Manager +CIM Computer Integrated Manufacturing +CIM computer-integrated-manufacturing +CIM computer-integrated-manufacturing +CIM computer-integrated-manufacturing +CIMA Chartered Institute of Management Accountants +CIMA Construction Industry Manufacture's Association +CIMIS California Irrigation Management Information System +CIMS Computer Integrated Manufacturing System +CINAHL Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature +CINCLANFLT Commander-In-Chief Atlantic Fleet +CINCLANFLT Commander-In-Chief, Atlantic Fleet +CINCLANT Commander-IN-Chief atLANTic forces +CINCPAC Commander IN Chief, PACific Fleet +CINCPAC Commander in Chief, Pacific +CINCPAC Commander in Chief, Pacific Air Command +CINCPAC Commander-IN-Chief PACific Forces +CINCPAC Commander-in-Chief of Pacific +CINCPAC Commander-in-Chief of Pacific fleet +CINCPACFLT Commander-IN-Chief PACific FLeeT +CINEMA Configurable INtEgrated Multimedia Architecture +CINR Central Institute for Nuclear Research +CINR Central Institute for Nuclear Research +CIO Chief Information Officer +CIOCS Communication Input/Output Control System +CIP Chief Income Producer +CIP Command Interface Port +CIR Committed Information Rate +CIR Compagnie Industriali Riunitie +CIR Compagnie Industriali Riunitie +CIRC Circular Reference +CIRCA Center for Instructional and Research Computing Activities +CIRCE Cornell Institute for Research in Chemical Ecology +CIRRIS Cryogenic InfraRed Radiance Instrument for Shuttle +CIS Chartered Institute of Secretaries +CIS Chief Income Spender +CIS Commonwealth of Independent States +CIS CompuServe Information Service +CIS Computer Information Systems +CIS Customized Intercept Service +CISC Complex Instruction Set Computing +CISC complex-instruction-set-computer +CISLUNAR The space between the Earth and the Moon +CISS Central Interlock and Safety System +CISS Central Interlock and Safety System +CIT California Institute of Technology +CIT Case Institute of Technology +CIT Circumstellar Imaging Telescope +CIT Computer Integrated Telephony +CIT Convention on International Trade +CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species +CITIC China International Trust & Investment Corp +CITIC China International Trust & Investment Corp +CITIS Contractor Integrated Technical Information Service +CITIS Contractor Integrated Technical Information Services +CIU Computer Interface Unit +CIV Cote D'Ivoire +CIX Commercial Internet Exchange +CIX Compulink Information Exchange +CJC Canadian Jewish Congress +CJCS Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff +CJS Chamber Jazz Sextet +CK Cook Islands +CKD Count Key Data +CL Chile +CL Connection-Less mode +CL control language +CL control language +CL Co. and Lazard +CLA Canadian Library Association +CLAR Channel Local Address Register +CLASIC Customized Logic Application Specific Integrated Circuit +CLASP Comprehensive Logistics Automated Support Program +CLASS Centralized Local Area Selective Signaling +CLASS Cooperative Library Agency for Systems and Services +CLASS Custom Local Area Signaling Service +CLC Clear Carry Flag +CLD Clear Direction Flag +CLDC Competitive Long Distance Coalition +CLDN Calling Line Directory Number +CLEF Certified Licensed Evaluation Facility +CLEI Common-Language Equipment Identification +CLGP Cannon Launched Guided Projectile +CLI Call-Level Interface +CLI Calling Line Ident +CLI Clear Interrupt Flag +CLI Command Line Interpreter +CLID Calling Line IDentification +CLIMA Co-operative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture +CLIPS C Language Integrated Production System +CLIQ Customer Line Insulation Quality +CLIST Command List +CLITORIS Committee for the Liberation & Intergration of Terrifying Organisms & their Rehabilitation Into Society +CLK Clock +CLK Craton Lodge & Knight +CLK Craton Lodge & Knight +CLLI Common-Language Location Identification +CLM Career Limiting Move +CLNP ConnectionLess Network Protocol +CLNP Connectionless-mode Network Protocol +CLNS ConnectionLess-mode Network Service +CLNS Connectionless-mode Network Service +CLOS Common Lisp Object System +CLP Cell Loss Priority +CLR Cell Loss Ratio +CLR Combined Line and Recording +CLRC Circuit Layout Record Card +CLS Clear Screen +CLSI Computer Library Systems Incorporated +CLSI Computer Library Systems, Incorporated +CLTP Connectionless Transport Protocol +CLTS Clear Task Switch Flag +CLU Chartered Life Underwriter +CLUT Color LookUp Table +CLV Constant Linear Velocity +CM Cameroon +CM Centimeter +CM Command Module +CM Congregation of the Mission +CM Control Mark +CM Corrective Maintenance +CM Cruise Missile +CM4D Coordinate Measuring Machine Management Mechanism for Data +CMA Canadian Manufacturers Association +CMA Canadian Medical Association +CMA Cash Management Account +CMA Concert Multi-thread Architecture +CMAC Centralized Maintenance and Administration Center +CMAS California Multiple Award Schedule +CMB Configuration Management Board +CMBR Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation +CMC Communication Machinery Corporation +CMC Communication Mangement Configuration +CMC Complement Carry Flag +CMC Computer Mediated Communication +CMC Construction Maintenance Center +CMC Corporate Management Commitee +CMCC Central Mission Control Centre +CMD Centralized Message Distribution +CMDF Combined Main Distributing Frame +CMDS Centralized Message Data System +CME Campbell-Mithun-Esty +CME Campbell-Mithun-Esty +CME Campbell-Mithun-Esty +CMH Port Columbus OH +CMI Champaign-Urbana IL +CMIB Cellular Message Information Block +CMIP Common Management Information Protocol +CMIS Common Management Information Services +CMIS Common Management Information System +CMISE Common Management Information Service Element +CML Current Mode Logic +CML Current Model Logic +CMMU Cache/Memory Management Unit +CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor +CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor +CMOS Complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor +CMOS Complimentary-symmetry Metal-Oxide Semiconductor +CMOT Common Management Information Services and Protocol Over TCP/IP +CMP Compare +CMP Computer +CMPS Compare word String +CMR Cameroon +CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio +CMS Call Management System +CMS Circuit Maintenance System +CMS Code Management System +CMS Communications Management Subsystem +CMS Compact Muon Solenoid +CMS Compiler Monitor System +CMS Conversation Monitor System +CMS Conversational Monitoring System +CMSGT Chief Master Sergeant +CMT Cellular Mobile Telephone +CMT Country Music Television +CMU COLT Measurement Unit +CMU Carnegie-Mellon University +CMVC Configuration Management Version Control +CMW Compartmented Mode Workstation +CMY Cyan-Magenta-Yellow +CMY Cyan-Magenta-Yellow +CMYK Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, blacK +CMYK Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-Black +CN Canadian National +CN Change Notice +CN China +CN/A Customer Name / Address +CNA Communications Network Application +CNA Customer Name and Address +CNAB Customer Name/Address Bureau +CNAM Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers +CNBC Consumer News Broadcasting Company +CNBC Consumer News and Business Channel +CNBC Consumer News and Business Channel +CNBC the Consumer News and Business Channel +CNC Centre for Novel Computing +CNC Computer Numerical Control +CNC Computerized Numerical Control +CNCC Customer Network Control Center +CNES Centre National d'Etude Spatiales +CNET Centre National d'etudes en Telecommunications +CNG Calling +CNG Clean 'n Green +CNI Coalition for Networked Information +CNI Common Network Interface +CNIDR Clearinghouse for Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval +CNLP Connectionless Protocol +CNM Communications Network Management +CNMA Certified Non-Meaningful Acronym +CNMAT Center for New Music and Audio Technologies +CNMS Cylink Network Management System +CNN Cable News Network +CNO Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen +CNO Chief of Naval Operations +CNOR Certified Nurse in the Operating Room +CNPIEC China National Publications Import & Export Corporation +CNR Canadian National Railways +CNR Carrier to Noise Ratio +CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy +CNRCVUUCP Compressed News ReCeive Via UUCP +CNRI Corporation for National Research Initiatives +CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique +CNS Central Nervous System +CNS Complimentary Network Service +CNSR Comet Nucleus Sample Return +CNSS Core Nodal Switching Subsystem +CNV Conventional +CNVT Convert +CNW Chicago & North Western +CO Cash Order +CO Central Office +CO Central-office +CO Colombia +CO Colorado +CO Command Output +CO Commanding Officer +CO Conscientious Objector +CO Convert Out +CO in Care Of +COAM Customer Owned And Maintained +COAST Computer Operations, Audit, and Security Technologies +COB Close Of Business +COBE COsmic Background Explorer +COBOL COmmon Business Oriented Language +COBOL Common Business-oriented Language +COBRA COpenhagen, BRussel, Amsterdam +COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reduction Act +COBUILD COLLINS Birmingham University International Language Database +COC Call of Cthulhu +COC Circuit Order Control +COCO3 Color COmputer 3 +COCO3 Tandy's COlour COmputer model 3 +COCOM Coordinating Comittee for Export to Comminist Area +COCOM Coordinating Committee for Export to Communist Areas +COCOP Customer Owned Coin Operated Phone +COCOT Customer Owned, Coin Operated Telephone +COCOT Customer-Owned Coin-Operated Telephone +COD Cash On Delivery +COD Collect On Delivery +CODASYL Conference On DAta SYstem Languages +CODASYL Conference On DAta SYstems Languages +CODCF Central Office Data Connecting Facility +CODEC COder-DECoder +CODEC Compression/Decompression +COE Center Of Excellence +COE Central Office Equipment +COEES COE Engineering System +COEM Commercial Original Equipment Manufacturer +COER Central Office Equipment Report +COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex +COFF Common Object File Format +COFI Cost Of Funds Index +COG Congo +COG Covenant Of the Goddess +COGO Coordinate Geometry +COHSE Confedaration Of Health Service Employees +COK Cook Islands +COL Collision +COL Colombia +COL Computer Oriented Language +COLA Cost Of Living Adjustment +COLA Cost-Of-Living Allowance +COLD Computer Output to Laser Disk +COLT Central Office Line Tester +COM Commercial +COM Comoros +COM Computer Output Microfilm +COM1 First serial Port +COM2 Second serial Port +COM3 Third serial Port +COM4 Fourth serial Port +COMAS Central Office Maintenance and Administration System +COMDEX COMputer Dealer's Exposition +COMDEX Computer Dealers Exposition +COMETT Community Action Programme for Education and Training for Technology +COMIS Communication Management Information System +COMM Communications +COMP Communications +COMP Compare +COMPACT COMmercial Product ACquisition Team +COMPTEL COMPton TELescope +COMS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor +COMSAT Communications Satellite +COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation +COMSEC COMunications SECurity +COMSEC Communications Security +COMSUBLANT Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic Fleet +CON Console +CONACYT Consejo Nacional de Cienca Y Tecnologia +CONFIG Configuration +CONN CONNector +CONS CONStruct +CONS Connection-Oriented Networking Session +CONSULS Connecticut State University Library System +CONTAC Central Office NeTwork ACcess +CONTONE Continuous Tone +CONUS CONtinental United States +COO Chief Operating Officer +COOL Chorus Object Oriented Layer +COP Character-Oriented Protocol +COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease +COPS Computer Oracle and Password System +COQ Cost Of Quality +CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture +CORDIS COmmunity Research and Development Information Service +CORE COntrolled Requirement Expression +CORM Council for Optical Radiation Measurement +CORN COmputer Resource Nucleus +CORNET CORperate NETwork +CORSA CORvair Society of America +COS Central Office Switch +COS Compatible Operating System +COS Corporation for Open Systems +COSE Common Open Software Environment +COSHH Control Of Substances Harmful To Health +COSHH Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health +COSINE Cooperation for Open Systems Interconnection Networking in Europe +COSMIC COmmon Systems Main InterConnection frame system +COSMIC COmputer Software Management and Information Center +COSMOS COmputer System for Mainframe OperationS +COSS Common Object Support Services +COSTAR Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement +COSY Correlation Spectroscopy +COT Card Or Tape +COT Central Office Terminal +COTS Commercial Off The Shelf +COTS Connection-Oriented Transport layer Service +COYOTE Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics +CP Canadian Pacific +CP Canadian Press +CP Chemically Pure +CP CoPy +CP Command Post +CP Command Processor +CP Control Program +CP Copy Protected +CP CounterProliferation +CP Canadian Pacific +CP/M Control Program for Microcomputers +CPA Certified Public Accountant +CPA Certified Public Accountants +CPA Communications & Public Affairs +CPADAPT CounterProliferation Actd Demonstration And Planning Tool +CPB Central Pacific Bank +CPB Central Pacific Bank +CPC Cellular Phone Company +CPC Circuit Provisioning Center +CPCS Check Processing Control System +CPCS Common Part Convergence Sublayer +CPD Central Pulse Distributor +CPE Central Processing Element +CPE Customer Premise Equipment +CPE Customer Premises Equipment +CPE Customer Provided Equipment +CPE Customer-Provided Equipment +CPFF Cost Plus Fixed Fee +CPG Clock Pulse Generator +CPH Cost Per Hour +CPI Characters Per Inch +CPI Clock Per Instruction +CPI Common Programming Interface +CPI Computer Private Interface +CPI Computer Private branch exchange Interface +CPI Consumer Price Index +CPI consumer price index +CPI consumer price index +CPI-C Common Programming Interface for Communications +CPIO CoPy In and Out +CPIO CoPy In/Out +CPL Combined Programming Language +CPL Current Privilege Level +CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device +CPM Continuous Phase Modulation +CPM Control Program for Microcomputers +CPM Cost Per Minute +CPM Critical Path Method +CPM Joint Catalogue of Printed Music +CPMP Carrier Performance Measurement Plan +CPO Chief Petty Officer +CPO Chief Post Office +CPO Customer Premises Equipment +CPP Cable Patch Panel +CPR Canadian Pacific Railway +CPR Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation +CPROST Centre for Policy Research on Science and Technology +CPRS Cloud Profiling Radar System +CPS Centralized Processing System +CPS Characters Per Second +CPS Cycles Per Second +CPSR Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility +CPSU Communist Party of the Soviet Union +CPT CaPTain +CPT Command Pass Through +CPT current perception thresholds +CPU Central Processing Unit +CPU Computerfreaks Play around at University +CPUSA Communist Party of the United States of America +CPV Cape Verde +CPW Certified Public Weigher +CPsychol Chartered Psychologist +CQ Call to Quarter +CQ Change of Quarters +CQ Charge of Quarters +CQ Commercial Quality +CQFD Ce Q'il Fallait Demonter +CQI Continuous Quality Improvement +CR Carriage Return +CR Costa Rica +CR/LF Carriage Return/Line Feed +CRA Cambridge Redevelopment Authority +CRAB Coastal Research Amphibious Buggy +CRADA Cooperative Research and Design Agreement +CRAF Comet Rendezvous / Asteroid Flyby +CRAF Comet Rendezvous/Asteroid Flyby +CRAM Card Random Access Memory +CRAM Computational Random Access Memory +CRAM Concentrated Review of Applicable Materials +CRAP Completely Redundant Array of Pointers +CRAS Cable Repair Administrative System +CRAYON CReAte Your Own Newspaper +CRB Certified Residential Broker +CRC Camera Ready Copy +CRC Chemical Rubber Company +CRC Civil Rights Commission +CRC Customer Record Center +CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check +CRC Cyclical Redundancy Character +CRC cyclical-redundancy-check +CRD Customer Required Date +CREDFACS Conduit, Raceway, Equipment Ducts & FACilitieS +CREEP Committee to RE-Elect the President +CREF Cross REFerence +CREF Cross REference File +CREFE Centre de Recherche sur l'Emploi et les Fluctuations economiques +CREG Concentrated Range Extension with Gain +CREN Computer Research Education Network +CREN Corporation for Research and Educational Networking +CRES Center of Renewable Energy Sources +CREST Center for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technology +CRF Cross Reference File +CRF(VC) Virtual Channel Connection Related Functions +CRF(VP) Virtual Path Connection Related Functions +CRFC Customer Return For Credit +CRFMP Cable Repair Force Management Plan +CRI Costa Rica +CRI Cray Research Inc. +CRI Cray Research, Inc. +CRIM Centre de Recherche Informatique de Montreal +CRIN Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Nancy +CRIS Customer Record Information System +CRISP Complex-Reduced Instruction Set Processor +CRITT Central Rhode Island Telephone and Telegraph +CRL Certificate Revocation List +CRLF Carriage Return/Line Feed +CRM Creative Retirement Manitoba +CROM Control Read Only Memory +CRONIC Colorado Rudimentary Operating Nucleus for Intelligent Controllers +CROP CROsta Profonda +CROQUE Cost- and Rule-based Optimization of object-oriented QUEries +CROTCH Computerized Routine for Observing and Testing the Channel Hardware +CRREL Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory +CRRES Combined Release / Radiation Effects Satellite +CRRES Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite +CRRES Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite +CRRES the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite +CRS Can't Remember Shit +CRS Centralized Results System +CRSAB Centralized Repair Service Answering Bureau +CRSP Centro Regional de Sao Paulo +CRT Cathode Ray Tube +CRT Combat Results Table +CRT cathode-ray-tube +CRTC CRT Controller +CRTC Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission +CRUD Chalk River Unidentified Deposits +CRY Child Relief and You +CS Chip Select +CS Chivalry & Sorcery +CS Civil Servant +CS Clear to Send +CS Code Segment +CS Computer Science +CS Computing Science +CS Context Switch +CS County Seat +CS Credit Suisse +CS Critical Section +CS Customer Service +CS Czechoslovakia +CS control-system +CS Credit Suisse +CSA Canadian Space Agency +CSA Canadian Standards Association +CSA Carrier Serving Area +CSA Client Service Agent +CSA Community Supported Agriculture +CSA Confederate States of America +CSA Customer Service Administration +CSAA Chinese Studies Association of Australia +CSAB Computing Sciences Accreditation Board +CSACC Customer Service Administration Control Center +CSACS Centralized Status, Alarm and Control System +CSAR Centralized System for Analysis Reporting +CSAR Channel System Address Register +CSAR Combat Search And Rescue +CSC Cell Site Controller +CSC Computer Sciences Corp. +CSC Computer Sciences Corporation +CSC Computer Sciences Corp. +CSCL Computer Supported Cooperative Learning +CSCS Centro Svizzero di Calcolo Scientifico +CSCW Computer Supported Cooperative Work +CSD Corrective Service Diskette +CSD Customer Service Division +CSDC Circuit Switched Digital Capability +CSE Common Subexpression Elimination +CSE computational science and engineering +CSEP Computational Science Education Project +CSEPP Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program +CSERIAC Crew system Ergonomics Information Analysis Center +CSF Contrast Sensitivity Function +CSF Critical Success Factor +CSFB Credit Suisse-First Boston +CSG Constructive Solid Geometry +CSG Consulting Services Group +CSH C-SHell +CSHL Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory +CSI Commercial Systems Integration +CSI Communications Systems Inc. +CSI The Construction Specifications Institute +CSI Communications Systems Inc. +CSIC Consejo Superior de Investigacion Cientifica +CSICOP Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal +CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization +CSIS Canadian Security and Intelligence Service +CSK Czechoslovakia +CSL Coin Supervising Link +CSL Computer Sensitive Language +CSLI Center for the Study of Language and Information +CSLIP Compressed Serial Line Internetworking Protocol +CSM Command Sergeant Major +CSM Command and Service Module +CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access +CSMA-CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection +CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance +CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/with Collision Detection +CSMACA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance +CSMACD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection +CSN Computer Systems News +CSNET Computer & Science Network +CSNET Computer Science NETwork +CSNY Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young +CSO Caltech Submillimeter Observatory +CSO Central Services Organization +CSO Central Statistical Office +CSO Central Statistical office +CSO Computing Services Office +CSO Central Statistical office +CSOC Consolidated Space Operations Center +CSP Commercial Subroutine Package +CSP CompuCom Speed Protocol +CSP Constraint Satisfaction Problem +CSP Control Switching Point +CSPAN Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network +CSPP Computer Systems Policy Project +CSR Control and Status Register +CSR Customer Service Representative +CSRG Computer Systems Research Group +CSRI Computer Systems Research Institute +CSRS civil Service Retirement System +CSS Computer Sub-System +CSS Continuous System Simulator +CSS Customer Switching System +CST Central Standard Time +CSTA Computer-Supported Telephony Applications +CSTC Consolidated Satellite Test Center +CSU Channel Service Unit +CSU Christlich Soziale Union +CSU Cleveland State University +CSU/DSU Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit +CSUBIOWEB California State University Biological Sciences World Wide Web Server +CSUDSU Channel Service Unit Data Service Unit +CSUF California State University Fresno +CSV Comma-Separated Variables +CSV Common Services Verbs +CT Central Time +CT Communications & Tracking +CT Computed Tomography +CT Connecticut +CT Continuous Time +CT computed tomography +CTA commodity trading advisers +CTA commodity trading advisers +CTAB Cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide +CTAB Cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide +CTAN Comprehensive TeX Archive Network +CTAPS Contingency Theater Automated Planning System +CTB Comprehensive Test of Basic +CTBS Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills +CTBS Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills +CTC Canadian Transport Commission +CTC Central Test Center +CTC Centralized Traffic Control +CTC Chu-Itoh Techno-Science Co. +CTC Cyclists' Touring Club +CTCA Commission on Training Camp Activities +CTD Computing and Telecommunications Division +CTD Control of Tropical Diseases +CTERM Command TERMinal +CTFT Continuous-Time Fourier Transform +CTI Computer/Telephone Integration +CTIA Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association +CTIO Cerro Tololo Inter-american Observatory +CTIS Command Tactical Information System +CTISS Computers in Teaching Initiative Support Service +CTM Competent Toastmaster +CTM Contac Trunk Module +CTMS Carrier Transmission Measuring System +CTNE Compania Telefonica Nacional de Espana +CTO Call Transfer Outside +CTOS Computerized Tomography Operating System +CTP Computer To Plate +CTPA Coax-to-Twisted-Pair Adapter +CTRL Control +CTRON Communication and Central TRON +CTS Carpal Tunnel Syndrome +CTS Cartridge Tape Subsystem +CTS Clear To Send +CTS Compatible Timesharing System +CTS Credit Time Served +CTSS Chameleon Time-Sharing System +CTSS Compatible Time Sharing System +CTSS Cray Time-Sharing System +CTSS Cyber Time-Sharing System +CTT Cartridge Tape Transport +CTTC Cartridge Tape Transport Controller +CTTD Cute Things They Do +CTTN Cable Trunk Ticket Number +CTTS Cute Things They Say +CTV Canadian TeleVision network +CU Close-Up +CU Control Unit +CU Cuba +CU Customer Unit +CU See You +CUA Common User Access +CUA common-user-access +CUB Consumers United for Buying +CUB Cuba +CUB Cursor Backward +CUCA Cambridge University Conservative Association +CUCRIT Capital Utilization CRITeria +CUD Cursor Down +CUE Custom Updates and Extras +CUE Custom Updates and Extras card +CUF Cursor Forward +CUFON The Computerized UFO Network +CUFORN The Canadian UFO Research Network +CUFOS The Center for UFO Studies +CUI Common User Interface +CUL Cambridge University Library +CUL8ER See you later +CUL8R See You Later +CUNBATCH Compressed news UNBATCH +CUNT Coupled UNIX Network Tree +CUP Cambridge University Press +CUP Cursor Position +CUPID Completely Universal Processor I/O Design +CUPL Cally's Unattainable Perfect Language +CURIA Cork University and Royal Irish Academy +CURL Consortium of University Research Libraries +CUSI Customizable Unified Search Index +CUSP Commonly Used System Program +CUTE Clarkston University Terminal Emulator +CUTK Common Update/Equipment system +CUU Cursor Up +CV Cape Verde +CV Constant Velocity +CV Curriculum Vitae +CVBG Carrier Battle Group +CVCC Controlled Vortex Combustion Chamber +CVCP Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals +CVD chemical vapor deposition +CVD chemical vapor deposition +CVF Compressed Volume File +CVGA Color Video Gaphics Array +CVIA Computer Virus Industry Association +CVJM Christlicher Verein junger Menschen +CVN Nuclear powered attack aircraft carrier +CVN aircraft Carrier V +CVR Compass Voice Response +CVSD Continuously Variable Slope Delta mobulation - digital encoding technique used in military and civilian telecommunication systems +CVT Continuous Variable Transmission +CVT Convert +CVW CodeView for Windows +CW Car Wars +CW Chemical Warfare +CW Child Welfare +CW Churchwarden +CW Continuous Wave +CW chemical weapons +CW chemical warfare +CW chemical weapons +CWA Communications Workers of America +CWA Communications Workers of America +CWA The Communications Workers of America +CWC City-Wide Centrex +CWD Change Working Directory +CWD Convert Word to Double Word +CWI Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica +CWIS Campus Wide Information System +CWO Cash With Order +CWO Chief Warrant Officer +CWP Cable & Wireless PLC +CWP Cable & Wireless PLC +CWRU Case Western Reserve University +CX Christmas Island +CXI Common X-windows Interface +CXR Christmas Island +CY Calendar Year +CY Cyprus +CYA Cover Your Ass +CYL Cylinder +CYM Cayman Islands +CYMK Cyan-Yellow-Magenta-Black +CYO Catholic Youth Organization +CYP Cyprus +CZ Canal Zone +CZ Control Zone +CeBIT Centrum fur Buro- und Informations- und Telekommunikationstechnologien +CentER Center for Economic Research +ChemMIST Chemical Management Information System Tool +CoREN Corporation for Research and Enterprise Network +ComNavAirLant Commander Naval Air, Atlantic +CuSeeMe See-You-See-Me +D Depth +D&B Dun & Bradstreet +D&D Dungeons & Dragons +D&H Delaware & Hudson +D-A Digital-to-analog +D.A. District Attorney +D.C district courts +D.C. Department of Commerce +D.C. District Court +D.C. District of Columbia +D.C. Drink Carrier +D.T. Deep Thought +D.U.I. Driving Under the Influence +D/A Digital to Analog converter +D/A digital-to-analog +D/F Direction Finding +D/R Direct or Reverse +D2C Decimal To Character +D2T2 Dye Diffusion Thermal Transfer +D2X Decimal To Hexadecimal +DA Days after Acceptance +DA Department of Agriculture +DA Deposit Account +DA Desk Accessory +DA Digital to Analog converter +DA Directory Assistance +DA District Attorney +DA Don't Answer +DA/C Directory Assistance/Computerized +DA/M Directory Assistance/Microfilm +DAA Data Access Arrangement +DAA Decimal Adjust for Addition +DAAM Dynamic Associative Random Access Memory +DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting +DAC Data Acquisition and Control +DAC Design Automation Conference +DAC Digital to Analog Converter +DACCS Digital Access Cross Connect System +DACS Digital Access Cross-connect System +DACS Directory Assistance Charging System +DACX Disability Action +DAD Draft ADdendum +DADA Democratic Alliance of Dadaist Anarchists +DAE Departement d'Anthropologie et d'ecologie +DAFE Designated Acronym Free Environment +DAG Directed Acyclic Graph +DAIS Distributed Automatic Intercept System +DAL Data Access Language +DAL Dedicated Access Line +DAL Disk Access Lockout +DAM Data Acquisition and Monitoring +DAMA Data Administration Management Association +DAMQAM Dynamically Adaptive Multicarrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation +DANTE Decision Aiding with New TEchnologies +DANTE Delivery of Advanced Network Technology to Europe +DAP Data Access Protocol +DAP Division Advisory Panel +DAR Daughters of the American Revolution +DARC Division Alarm Recording Center +DARE Dictionary of American Regional English +DARE Drug Abuse Resistance Education +DARI Database Application Remote Interface +DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency +DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency +DART Dublin Area Rapid Transit +DARU Distributed automatic intercept system Audio Response Unit +DAS Decimal Adjust for Subtraction +DAS Department of Applied Science +DAS Directory Assistance System +DAS Distributor And Scanner +DASA Daimler-Benz Aerospace +DASA Deutsche AeroSpace Aktiengesellschaft +DASA Deutsche Aerospace Agentur +DASA Deutsche Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft +DASA German Aerospace Inc. +DASD Direct Access Storage Device +DASH Daniel and Ashford +DASWDT Distributor And Scanner-Watch Dog Timer +DAT Digital Audio Tape +DAT Disk Array Technology +DAT digital audio tape +DAT digital audio tape +DATA Defense Air Transport Administration +DATACOM Data Communications +DAU Dummster Anzunehmender User +DAV Data Above Voice +DAV Disabled American Veterans +DAY Dayton OH +DB Data Base +DB Data Buffer +DB DataBase +DB DeciBels +DB Dial Box +DB decibel +DB decibels +DB2 Database 2 +DBA Data Base Administrator +DBA doing business as +DBAC Data Base Administration Center +DBAG Deutsche Bahn Aktiengesellschaft +DBAS Data Base Administration System +DBC Davis , Ball & Colombatto +DBCS Double-Byte Character Set +DBF DBase Format +DBL Drexel Burnham Lambert +DBL Drexel Burnham Lambert +DBM Data Base Manager +DBM DataBase Manager +DBME DataBase Managment Environment +DBMS Data Base Management System +DBMS DataBase Management System +DBMS Database Management System +DBOF Defense Business Operating Fund +DBP Deutsche BundesPost +DBP Deutsches BundesPatent +DBP Di Butyl Phthalate +DBRAD Data Base Relational Application Directory +DBS Data Base Server +DBS Direct Broadcast Satellite +DBS Duplex Bus Selector +DBS direct broadcast satellite +DBS direct broadcast satellite +DBS direct broadcast satellite +DC Data Cartridge +DC Data Collection +DC Data Communication +DC Data Control +DC Device Control +DC Direct Current +DC District of Columbia +DCA Defense Communications Agency +DCA Digital Communications Associates +DCA Distributed Communication Architecture +DCA Document Content Architecture +DCA Washington DC +DCAF Distributed Console Access Facility +DCB Disk Control Block +DCB Disk Coprocessor Board +DCC Data Country Code +DCC Descriptive Cataloging Committee +DCC Digital Compact Cassette +DCC Display Combination Code +DCCO Defense Commercial Communications Office +DCCS DisContiguous Shared Segments +DCD Data Carrier Detect +DCE Data Circuit-terminating Equipment +DCE Data Communication Equipment +DCE Data Communications Equipment +DCE Distributed Computing Environment +DCE Distributed Computing Equipment +DCF Data Communication Facility +DCF Data Compression Facility +DCF Data Count Field +DCF Driver Configuration File +DCG Definite Clause Grammar +DCH D Channel Handler +DCI Desktop Color Imaging +DCI Drum Corps International +DCIEM Defense and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine +DCL DEC Command Language +DCL DEC Control Language +DCL Declaration +DCL Device Clear +DCL Digital Command Language +DCL Digital Control Logic +DCLU Digital Carrier Line Uint +DCM Digital Carrier Module +DCME Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment +DCMS Distributed Call Measurement System +DCMU Digital Concentrator Measurement Unit +DCN Davis Community Network +DCNA Data Communication Network Architecture +DCO Document Change Order +DCP Distributed Communications Processor +DCP Duplex Central Processor +DCPR Detailed Contuing Property Record +DCPSK Differential Coherent Phase-Shift Keying +DCS Data Collection System +DCS Data Control System +DCS Desktop Color Separation +DCS Digital Crosconnect System +DCS Distribution Control System +DCSC Defense Construction Supply Center +DCT Digital Carrier Trunk +DCT Discrete Cosine Transform +DCTN Defense Commercial Telecommunications Network +DCTS Dimension Custom Telephone Service +DCW Distributed Collaborative Workbench +DD Daredevils +DD Data Dictionary +DD Day +DD Days after Date +DD Demand Draft +DD Digital Display +DD Dishonorable Discharge +DD Disk Drive +DD Doctor of Divinity +DD Double Density +DD Dungeons & Dragons +DD Dunkin ' Donuts +DD double-density +DDA Digital Differential Analyzer +DDA Domain Defined Attribute +DDA Domain-Defined Attribute +DDB Device Dependent Bitmap +DDC Digital Data Converter +DDC Direct Department Calling +DDCMP Digital Data Communications Message Protocol +DDCS Distributed Database Connection Services +DDCU DC-to-DC Converter Unit +DDD Direct Distance Dialing +DDE Direct Data Entry +DDE Dynamic Data Exchange +DDEML Dynamic Data Exchange Manager Library +DDG Data Dependence Graph +DDIF Digital Document Interchange Format +DDJ Dr. Dobbs Journal +DDK Device Driver Kit +DDK Driver Development Kit +DDL Data Definition Language +DDL Data Description Language +DDL Document Description Language +DDLC Database Development Life Cycle +DDM Distributed Data Management +DDN Defense Data Network +DDN Digital Data Network +DDN Dotted Decimal Notation +DDNNIC Defense Data Network Network Information Center +DDP Datagram Delivery Protocol +DDP Distributed Data Processing +DDPEX Device Dependent PEX +DDR Deutsche Demokratische Republik +DDS Dataphone Digital Service +DDS Decision Support Systems +DDS Design Data Sheet +DDS Digital Data Storage +DDS Digital Data System +DDS Digital Dataphone Service +DDS Direct Digital Service +DDS Doctor of Dental Science +DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery +DDS Document Distribution Services +DDS data description specifications +DDS data description specifications +DDT DicholoroDiphenylTricholoroethane +DDT Dynamic Debugging Technique +DDX Device Dependent X +DDX Device Dependent X windows +DDX Digital Data eXchange +DDX Distributed Data eXchange +DE Delaware +DE Disk Enclosure +DE Germany +DEA Data Encryption Algorithm +DEA Drug Enforcement Administration +DEA Drug Enforcement Agency +DEA drug enforcement administration +DEA drug enforcement administration +DEAR Department of Energy Acquisition Regulation +DEBNA Digital Ethernet BI Network Adapter +DEBP distinctive estrogen-binding protein +DEBP distinctive estrogen-binding protein +DEC Decrement +DEC Device Clear +DEC Digital Equipment Corp. +DEC Digital Equipment Corporation +DEC Digital Equipment Corp. +DECA Distributive Education Clubs of America +DECT Digital Europian Cordless Telephony +DECUS Digital Equipment Corporation Users Society +DEET Department of Education, Employment and Training +DEF Desktop Functional Equivalent +DEK Data Encryption Key +DEL Delete +DELNI Digital Ethernet Local Network Interconnect +DELQA Digital Ethernet Lowpower Q-bus network Adapter +DELSTR Delete String +DELUA Digital Ethernet Lowpower Unibus network Adapter +DEMPR Digital Ethernet Multi-Port Repeater +DENSA Rival club to MENSA +DEPCA Digital Ethernet Personal Computer-bus Adapter +DEQNA Digital Ethernet Q-bus Network Adapter +DEREP Digital Ethernet REPeater +DERP Defective Equipment Replacement Program +DERV Diesel Engined Road Vehicle +DES Data Encryption Standard +DES Data Entry Sheet +DESPR Digital Ethernet Single Port Repeater +DESTA Digital Ethernet thin-wire STation Adapter +DESY Deutches Electronen Synchrotron +DESY Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron +DET Device Execute Trigger +DEU Germany +DEUNA Digital Ethernet Unibus Network Adapter +DEV Device +DEW Distant Early Warning +DEXEC Diagnostic EXEc software +DF Damage Free +DF Data Field +DF Degrees of Freedom +DF Destination Field +DF Device Flag +DF Direction Finding +DF Double Flag +DFA Determinate Finite Autonoma +DFA Deterministic Finite Automaton +DFA Deterministic Finite Autonoma +DFAD Digital Feature Analysis Data +DFC Data Flow Control +DFC Development Finance Corp. +DFC Distinguished Flying Cross +DFD Data Flow Diagram +DFE Data Flow Editor +DFE Design For the Environment +DFF `D'Flip-Flop +DFG Deutsche ForschungsGemeinschaft +DFI Digital Facility Interface +DFKI Deutsches Forschungszentrum fur Kunstliche Intelligenz GmbH +DFM Distinguished Flying Medal +DFMEA Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis +DFMS Digital Facility Management System +DFN Deutsche Forschungsnetz Verein +DFRF Dryden Flight Research Facility +DFS Depth-First Search +DFS Distributed File System +DFT Diagnostic Funtion Test +DFT Discrete Fourier Transform +DFT Distributed Function Terminal +DFU Data File Utility +DFW Dallas-Ft.Worth +DG Data General +DG Dei Gratia +DG Deutsche Genossenschafts +DG Directional Gyro +DG Director General +DGA Direct Graphics Access +DGAC Direction Generale de l'Aviation Civile +DGD Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Dokumentation +DGIS Direct Graphics Interface Standard +DGP Dissimilar Gateway Protocol +DGPS Differential Global Positioning System +DGSC Defense General Supply Center +DH Diffie-Hellman +DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol +DHEA DeHydroEpiAndrosterone +DHHS Department of Health and Human Services +DHSS Department of Health and Social Security +DI Data In +DI Destination Index +DIA Defence Intelligence Agency +DIA Denver International Airport +DIA Document Interchange Architecture +DIAD Drum Information Assembler / Dispatcher +DIAL Direct Information Access Line +DIAS Defense Automatic Integrated System +DIB Device Independent Bitmap +DIB Directory Information Bases +DIBOL DEC Business Oriented Language +DIC Digital Interface Controller +DICNAVAB DICtionary of NAVal ABreviations +DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine +DID Direct Inward Dialing +DID direct-inward-dialing +DIDS donor impurity density of states +DIDS donor impurity density of states +DIF Data Interchange Format +DIF Digital Interface Frame +DIF Document Interchange Format +DIFFSENS Differential Sense +DIFMOS Double Injection Floating Gate MOS +DII Defense Information Infrastructure +DIIP Direct Interrupt Identification Port +DIL Dual InLine +DILLIGAF Do I Look Like I Give A Fuck? +DILOG DIstributed LOGic +DIM Data In the Middle +DIMDI Deutsches Institut fuer medizinische Dokumentation und Information +DIMDI Deutsches Institut fur Medizinische Dokumentation und Information +DIME Dual Independant Map Encoding +DIMM Dual In-line Memory Module +DIMS Document Image Management System +DIN Deutsche Industrie Normenausschuss +DIN Deutsche Industrie-Norm +DIN Deutsches Institut fur Normung +DINK Double Income No Kids +DINKUM Dual Income, No Kids, Unbelievable Mortage +DINKY Double Income No Kids Yet +DIO Data Input-Output +DIP Digital Imaging Processing +DIP Dual In-line Pin +DIP Dual Inline Package +DIP Dual Inline Pin +DIR Deliverly & Installation Request +DIR Directory +DIRE Dire Is Really Emacs +DIRT Design In Real-Time +DIRTFT Do It Right The First Time +DIS Document Information System +DIS Draft International Standard +DIS Dynamic Impedance Stabilization +DISA Data Interchange Standards Association +DISA Defense Information Systems Agency +DISA Direct Inward System Access +DISCA Departament de Informatica de Sistemes, Computadors i Automatica +DISN Defense Information Systems Network +DISOSS Distributed Office Support System +DISP Displacement +DITTO Data Interfile Transfer, Testing and Operations +DIU Digital Interface Unit +DIV Divide +DIV Division +DIVE Distributed Interactive Virtual Environment +DIW D-Inside Wire +DIX DEC, Intel, Xerox +DIX Digital, Intel and Xerox +DIY Do It Yourself +DJ Disc Jockey +DJ Djibouti +DJ Dow Jones +DJ Dow Jones +DJ the Dow Jones +DJF Divorced Jewish Female +DJI Djibouti +DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average +DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average +DJIA the Dow Jones Industrial Average +DK Denmark ISO 2-letter country code +DKB Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank +DL Download +DL double layer +DL double layer +DL/1 Data Manipulation Language 1 +DLA Defense Logistics Agency +DLAT Directory LookAside Table +DLC Data Link Control +DLC Democratic Leadership Council +DLC Digital Loop Carrier +DLC Driver's License Compact +DLC Democratic Leadership Council +DLC The Democratic Leadership Council +DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier +DLCU Digital Line Carrier Unit +DLE Data Link Escape +DLG Digital Line Graph +DLI Data Link Interface +DLJ Donaldson , Lufkin & Jenrette +DLL Data Link Layer +DLL Dial Long Lines +DLL Dynamic Link Library +DLM Dynamic Link Module +DLMS Digital LandMass System +DLO Dead Letter Office +DLPI Data Link Provider Interface +DLPI DataLink Provider Interface +DLR DOS LAN Requester +DLS Data Link Control +DLS Digital Link Service +DLSw Data Link Switch +DLT Digital Linear Tape +DLTS Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy +DLTU Digital Line/Trunk Unit +DLUPG Digital Line Unit-Pair Gain +DM Delta Modulation +DM Dialog Manager +DM Distributed Memory +DM District Manager +DM Dominica +DM Dungeon Master +DMA Defense Mapping Agency +DMA Direct Memory Access/Addressing +DMA Dominica +DMA direct-memory-access +DMAC DMA Controller +DMD Directory Management Domain +DMD Doctor of Dental Medicine +DME Distance Measuring Equipment +DME Distributed Management Environment +DMF Probably part of an X.400 address in Europe +DMI Desktop Mangement Interface +DMI Digital Multiplexed Interface +DML Data Manipulation Logic +DMLCS Database of Mediaeval Latin from Celtic Sources +DMLCS Dictionary of Mediaeval Latin from Celtic Sources +DMM Digital Multimeter +DMMP Distributed Memory, Message Passing +DMMS Dynamic Memory Management System +DMOS Diffusion Metal Oxide Semiconductor +DMOS Double-diffused Metal-Oxide Semiconductor +DMP Dot Matrix Printer +DMPC Distributed Memory Parallel Computer +DMQS Display Mode Query and Set +DMS Data Management System +DMS Digital Multiplexed System +DMS Diskless Management Services +DMSD Digital Multistandard Decoding +DMSO Defense Modeling and Simulation Office +DMSO Defense Modelint & Simulation Office +DMSO DiMethyl SulfOxide +DMSO DiMethylSulfOxide +DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program +DMTF Desktop Management Task Force +DMU Data Manipulation Unit +DMV Department of Motor Vehicles +DMY Day Month Year +DMZ DeMilitarized Zone +DN Directory Number +DN Down +DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid +DNA Digital Network Architecture +DNC Direct Numerical Control +DNC Dynamic Network Controller +DNCB Di Nitro Chloro Benzene +DNCRI Division of Networking and Communications Research and Infrastructure +DND Dungeons 'n' Dragons +DND Dungeons and Dragons +DNF Did not finish +DNHR Dynamic NonHierarchical Routing +DNI DECnet Network Interface +DNIC Data Network Identification Code +DNIS Dialed Number Identification Service +DNK Denmark +DNL Director of Naval Laboratories +DNP DiNitroPhenol +DNQ Did not qualify +DNR Department of Natural Resources +DNR Dialed Number Recorder +DNS Direct Numerical Simulation +DNS Domain Name System +DNS Domain Naming System +DNX Dynamic Network X-connect +DO Data Out +DO Dominican Republic +DO Democratic officials +DOA Dead On Arrival +DOAS Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy +DOB Date Of Birth +DOC Department of Commerce +DOC Dynamic Overload Control +DOCS Display Operator Console System +DOD Department Of Defense +DOE Department of Energy +DOE Depends On Experience +DOE Distributed Objects Everywhere +DOE Department of Energy +DOHC Dual OverHead Camshaft +DOJ Department Of Justice +DOM Data On Master group +DOM Dominican Republic +DOMAIN Distributed Operating Multi Access Interactive Network +DONSA Day Of No Scheduled Activities +DOOL Days Of Our Lives +DOOM Death Of One Man +DOORS Distributed Object Oriented Requirements System +DOQ Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle +DORE Dynamic Object Rendering Environment +DOS Disk Operating System +DOSEM DOS Emulation +DOT Department Of Transportation +DOT Designated Order Turnaround +DOT Designated Order Turnaround +DOT&E Director, Operational Test and Evaluation +DOTE Director, Operational Test and Evaluation +DOTS Digital Office Timing Supply +DOV Data Over Voice +DOW Day Of Week +DOY Day of Year +DP Data Processing +DP Demarcation Point +DP Dial Pulse +DP Direct print +DP Direct print +DP Director of Photography +DP Displaced Persons +DP Display Postscript +DP Double Play +DP Draft Proposal +DP data-processing +DPA Delegation of Procurement Authority +DPA Demand Protocol Architecture +DPAC Dedicated Plant Assignment Center +DPANS Draft Proposed American National Standard +DPAREN Data Parity Enable +DPB Drive Parameter Block +DPC Destination Point Code +DPC Direct Program Control +DPE Data Path Extender +DPI Dots Per Inch +DPL Descriptor Privilege Level +DPM Defect Per Million +DPM Digital Panel Meter +DPM Directional Policy Matrix +DPMA Data Processing Management Association +DPMI DOS Protected Mode Interface +DPNPH Data Packet Network-Packet Handler +DPNSS Digital Private Network Signaling System +DPO Data Phase Optimization +DPP Discounted Payback Period +DPR Dual port RAM +DPS Decentralized Processing System +DPS Display PostScript +DPS Distributed Processing System +DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying +DPSK Differential Phased-Shift Keying +DPtoTP Display Coordinates to Tablet Coordinates +DQ Dairy Queen +DQ Dragon Quest +DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus +DQL Database Query Language +DR Data Ready +DR Data Receive +DR Data Received +DR Dead Reckoning +DR Dining Room +DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory +DRAM dynamic random access memories +DRAM dynamic-RAM +DRAM dynamic random access memories +DRAW Direct Read After Write +DRD Data Reading Device +DRDA Distributed Relational Database Architecture +DRDO Defense Research and Development Organization +DRDOS Digital Research Disk Operating System +DRDOS Digital Research Disk Operating System for PCs +DRDW Direct Read During Write +DRE Directional Reservation Equipment +DREAM Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management +DREO Defence Research Establishment Ottawa +DREV Defence Research Establishment Valcartier +DRG Democratic Republic of Germany +DRG East Germany +DRI Defense Research Internet +DRI Digital Research Incorporated +DRI Digital Research, Incorporated +DRI Dirty Rotten Imbeciles +DRMU Digital Remote Measurement Unit +DRO Data Request Output +DRO Destructive Read-Out +DRO Durango, Colorado +DRP DECnet Routing Protocol +DRP Distribution Resource Planning +DRS Data Rate Select +DRV Drive +DS Data Segment +DS Data Send +DS Data Server +DS Digital Signal +DS Digital carrier Span +DS Direct Signal +DS Directory Service +DS Double Sided +DS Double-Sided +DS Draft Standard +DS data-stream +DS-1 Digital Signal level 1 +DS-1 Digitial Signal 1 +DS-3 Digital Signal level 3 +DS-3 Digitial Signal 3 +DS1 Digital Signal level 1 +DS1 Digitial Signal 1 +DS3 Digital Signal level 3 +DS3 Digitial Signal 3 +DS9 Deep Space Nine +DSA Democratic Socialists of America +DSA Dial System Assistance +DSA Digital Storage Architecture +DSA Directory Service Agent +DSA Directory System Agent +DSAB Distributed Systems Architecture Board +DSBAM Double-SideBand Amplitude Module +DSC Document Structuring Conventions +DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System +DSD Data Structure Diagram +DSD Duales System Deutschland +DSDC Direct Service Dial Capability +DSDD Double Sided, Double Density +DSDD Double Sided, Double Density diskette +DSE Data Storage Equipment +DSE Data Structure Editor +DSE Directorate of School Education +DSEA Display Station Emulation Adapter +DSECT Dummy Control Section +DSEE Domain Software Engineering Environment +DSG Democratic Study Group +DSG Deutsche Schlafwagen- und Speisewagen-Gesellschaft +DSG Democratic Study Group +DSG the Democratic Study Group +DSHD Double Sided, High Density +DSHD Double Sided, High Density disk +DSHD Double Sided, High Density diskette +DSI Digital Speech Interpolation +DSIR Department of Scientific and Industrial Research +DSIS Distributed Support Information Standard +DSK Down Stream Keyer +DSL Deutsche Siedlungs ' & Landesrentenbank +DSL Deutsche Siedlungs' & Landesrentenbank +DSL Dynamic Simulation Language +DSM Distinguished Service Medal +DSN Deep Space Network +DSN Digital Signal N +DSN Digital Signal level N +DSO Digital Storage Oscilloscope +DSO Distinguished Service Order +DSOM Distributed System Object Model +DSP Decessit Sine Prole +DSP Defense Support Program +DSP Digital Signal Processing +DSP Digital Signal Processor +DSP Domain-Specific System +DSP digital-signal-processing +DSQD Double Sided, Quad Density +DSQD Double Sided, Quad Density disk +DSQD Double Sided, Quad Density diskette +DSR Data Set Ready +DSR Device Status Report +DSR Digital Standard Runoff +DSR Dynamic Service Register +DSRI Digital Standard Relational Interface +DSS Data Station Selector +DSS Decision Support System +DSS Digital Satellite System +DSS Direct Station Selection +DSSI Digital Storage Systems Interconnect +DSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification Language +DST Daylight Saving Time +DST Drill Stem Test +DSTN Double SuperTwisted Nematic +DSTO Defence Science Technology Organisation +DSTO Defence Science and Technology Organisation +DSU Data Service Unit +DSU Digital Service Unit +DSU Disk Subsystem Unit +DSW Data Status Word +DSW Device Status Word +DSX Digital System X-connect +DT Data Transmit +DT Delirium Tremens +DT Di-group Terminal +DTA Disk Transfer Area +DTAS Digital Test Access System +DTB Data Transfer Bus +DTC Design To Cost +DTC Di-group Terminal Controller +DTC Digital Trunk Controller +DTD Document Type Definition +DTE Data Terminal Equipment +DTE Dumb Terminal Emulator +DTED Digital Terrain Elevation Data +DTF Dial Tone First payphone +DTFT Discrete-Time Fourier Transform +DTG Direct Trunk Group +DTH Dallas Times Herald +DTH Dallas Times Herald +DTH the Dallas Times Herald +DTI Department of Trade and Industry +DTIC Defense Technical Information Center +DTIC Defense Technology Information Center +DTIF Digital Transmission Interface Frame +DTL Diode Transistor Logic +DTL Diode-Transistor Logic +DTMF Data Tone Multiple Frequency +DTMF Dial Tone Multi Frequency +DTMF Dual Tone Multifrequency +DTP Desk Top Publishing +DTP DeskTop Publishing +DTP DocuTech Printer +DTR Data Terminal Ready +DTR Data Transfer Rate +DTSC Digital Transit Switching Centre +DTSS Dartmouth TimeSharing System +DTU Demand Transmission Unit +DTU Di-group Terminal Unit +DTV Desktop Video +DTVC Desktop Video Conferencing +DTW Detroit Metropolitan Airport +DU Decision Unit +DU Disk Usage +DUA Directory User Agent +DUAT Direct User Access Terminal +DUATS Direct User Access Terminal System +DUI Driving Under the Influence +DUT Delft University Of Technology +DUT Device Under Test +DUV Data Under Voice +DV Deo Volente +DV God willing +DVACS Data Verification, Access and Control System +DVB Digital Video Broadcast +DVC Digital Voice Card +DVI DeVice Independent +DVI Digital Video Interactive +DVM Digital Volt Meter +DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine +DVMA Direct Virtual Memory Access +DVMRP Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol +DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis +DVX Digital Voice eXchange +DW Dead Weight +DWAPS Defense Warehousing Automated Processing System +DWB Documenter's WorkBench +DWBH Don't Worry, Be Happy! +DWG Drawing +DWI Died Without Issue +DWI Driving While Intoxicated +DWIM Do What I Mean +DWLS Driving while License is Suspended +DWR Department of Water Resources +DX Distance +DXC Data Exchange Control +DXC Digital Cross-Connect +DXF Drawing Exchange Format +DXM Dextromethorphan +DXT Data eXtractT facility +DZ Algeria +DZA Algeria +DeGUSSA Deutsche Gold- und SilberScheideAnstalt +DoIT Division of Instructional Technologies +E East +E Espionage +E&M Ear and Mouth +E&OE Errors and Omissions Excepted +E&P Electric & Power +E-MAIL Electronic MAIL +E-O erasable-optical +E-R entity-relationship +E.G.T. Eppler , Guerin & Turner +E.H. Equinox House +E.P.A. Environmental Protection Agency +E.P.A. Environmental Protection Agency +E/A/R Entity/Attribute/Relationship +E/R Entity/relationship +E911 Enhanced 911 +EA Extended Attribute +EAA Experimental Aircraft Association +EACL European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics +EADAS Engineering and Administrative Data Acquisition System +EADASNM Engineering and Administrative Data Acquisition System/Network Management +EADASS Engineering and Administrative Data AcquiSition System +EADS Emergency Air Detritiation System +EADS Emergency Air Detritiation System +EAEO Equal Access End Office +EAFB Edwards Air Force Base +EAGLES Expert Advisory Group on Language Engineering Standards +EAIJ Electronic Industries Association of Japan +EAL European cooperation for Accreditation of Laboratories +EAN European Academic Network +EANAB Equally Attractive Non-Alcoholic Beverage +EARN European Academic Research Network +EAROM Electrically Alterable Read Only Memory +EARS Electronic Access to Reference Services +EAS Engineering Administration System +EAS Extended Announcement System +EAS Extended Area Service +EASD Equal Access Service Date +EASI Enhanced Asynchronous SCSI Interface +EASI European Academic Supercomputer Initiative +EATA Enhanced AT Bus Attachment +EATA European Association of Turkish Academics +EBC EISA Bus Controller +EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code +EBE Extraterrestrial Biological Entity +EBI Equivalent Background Input +EBI Extended Background Investigation +EBI Extensive Background Investigations +EBL Explanation Based Learning +EBNF Extended Backus-Naur Form +EBPI Employee Benefit Plans Inc. +EBPI Employee Benefit Plans Inc. +EBRSC Electronic Bulletin of the Rough Set Community +EBS Esselte Business Systems +EBS Esselte Business Systems +EBSCO Elton B Stephens COmpany +EBT Electronic Benefits Transfer +EC East Coast +EC Economic Community +EC Ecuador +EC European Commission +EC European Community +EC European Court +EC Exchange Carrier +EC Express Corp. +EC European Community +ECA European Coproduction Association +ECA European Coproduction Association +ECA The European Coproduction Association +ECAC Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Center +ECAD Electronical Computer Aided Design +ECAFE Economic Commission for Africa and the Far East +ECAL Enjoy Computing And Learn +ECAP Electronic Customer Access Program +ECASS Electronically Controlled Automatic Switching System +ECASS Export Control Automated Support System +ECASU East Coast Asian Student Union +ECC Enter Cable Change +ECC Error Check Code +ECC Error Checking and Correction +ECC Error Correction Codes +ECCI Eastern Canada Cat Institute +ECCM Electronic Counter-CounterMeasures +ECCS Economic C Call Seconds +ECD East Coast Division +ECD Enhanced Color Display +ECDO Electronic Community Dial Office +ECF Enhanced Connectivity Facility +ECG ElectroCardioGram +ECL Emitter Coupled Logic +ECL Error Correction Logic +ECL emitter-coupled-logic +ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean +ECLSS Environmental Control and Life Support System +ECM Electronic Counter Measure +ECM European Common Market +ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association +ECMM European Community Monitor Mission +ECMO ExtraCorporealMembraneOxygenation +ECMWF European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts +ECN Engineering Computer Network +ECN Netherlands Energy Research Foundation +ECNE Electric Council of New England +ECO Ecological +ECO Electronic Central Office +ECO Engineering Change Order +ECOM Electronic Computer Originated Mail +ECOOP European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming +ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States +ECP Enhanced Capabilities Port +ECPA Electronic Communication Privacy Act +ECPA Electronic Communications Privacy Act +ECPA Evangelical Christian Publishers Association +ECPA Evangelical Christian Publishers Association +ECPA the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association +ECPT Electronic Coin Public Telephone +ECR Engineering Change Request +ECRC European Computer-Industry Research Centre +ECRH Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating +ECS Electronic Crosconnect System +ECS Environmental Control System +ECS European Common Standard +ECSA Exchange Carriers Standards Association +ECSITE European Collaborative for Science Industry and Technology Exhibitions +ECSS European Cooperation for Space Standardization +ECT ElectroConvulsive Therapy +ECTL Electronic Communal Temporal Lobe +ECTSNPRA European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas +ECU Ecuador +ECU European Currency Unit +ECU European currency unit +ECU European currency unit +ECV Electric Cargo Vehicle +ED Erase Display +ED&D Expert Dungeons & Dragons +EDA Economic Development Administration +EDA Electronic Design Automation +EDA Embedded Document Architecture +EDA electronic-design-automation +EDA Economic Development Administration +EDA the Economic Development Administration +EDAC Electromechanical Digital Adapter Circuit +EDC Enhanced Data Correction +EDC Error Detection and Correction +EDCM Europe Deutschland Cologne-Merzbruck +EDD Expert Dungeons & Dragons +EDDC Extended Distance Data Cable +EDF Electricite de France +EDGAR Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval +EDI Electronic Data Interchange +EDI Electronic Document Interchange +EDI Enhanced Definition Interlaced +EDI electronic document interchange +EDI electronic document interchange +EDIF Electronic Design Interchange Format +EDIFACT EDI for Administration Commerce and Transport +EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange For Administration, Commerce and Transport +EDILIBE Electronic Data Interchange between LIbraries and Booksellers in Europe +EDLC Ethernet Data Link Control +EDLIN Editor +EDLIS Exchange of Dylan Lyrics - Internet Service +EDLP Every Day Low Pricing +EDM Engineering Data Management +EDMS Engineering Data Management System, Engineering Document Management System +EDO Enhanced Data Out +EDO Extended Duration Orbiter +EDO RAM Extended Data-Out Random Access Memory +EDOS Enhanced DOS for Windows +EDP Electronic Data Processing +EDP Enhanced Definition Progressive +EDPM Electronic Data Processing Machine +EDRAM Eraseable Dynamic Random Access Memory +EDS Electronic Data Systems +EDS Electronic Data Systems +EDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer +EDSI Enhanced Small Device Interface +EDSX Electronic Digital Signal X-connect +EDT Eastern Daylight Time +EDTA Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid +EDTCC Electronic Data Transmission Communications Central +EDU Education +EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer +EE Electrical or Electronics Engineer +EE Estonia +EE environmental education +EE environmental education +EEA European Economic Area +EEC European Economic Comunity +EEC Extended Error Correction +EECS Electrical Engineering and Computer Science +EECT End-to-End Call Trace +EED Electro-Explosive Device +EEDP Expanded Electronic tandem switching Dialing Plan +EEFMS Early Eyeball Fraternal and Marching Society +EEG ElectroEncephaloGram +EEHO Either End Hop Off +EEI Equipment-to-Equipment Interface +EEL Epsilon Extension Language +EEM Extended Memory Management +EEM External Expansion Module +EEMS Enhanced Expanded Memory Specification +EENet Estonian Educational and Research Network +EEO Errors and Omissions Excepted +EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity Commission +EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity Commission +EEOC the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission +EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory +EER extended-entity-relationship +EES Escrowed Encryption Standard +EF128 Electronic Frontiers Route 128 +EFA Electronic Frontiers Australia +EFA Extended File Attribute +EFC Electronic Frontier Canada +EFD Ellington Field, Houston TX +EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation +EFH Electronic Frontiers Houston +EFI Electromechanical Frequency Interference +EFI Electronic Frontiers Ireland +EFI Electronics For Imaging +EFJ Electronic Frontiers Japan +EFL Emitter Follower Logic +EFLA Extended Four Letter Acronym +EFMLS Eastern Federation of Mineralogical and Lapidary Societies +EFN Electronic Frontier Norway +EFNH Electronic Frontiers New Hampshire +EFRAP Electronic Feeder Route Analysis Program +EFS Error Free Seconds +EFTA European Free Trade Association +EFTAM Electronic File Transfer Access Method +EFTPOS Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale +EFTS Electronic Funds Transfer System +EG Egypt +EG Exempla Gratiae x +EG Exempli Gratia +EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter +EGA enhanced graphics adapter +EGA enhanced graphics adapter +EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol +EGREP Extended GREP +EGRET Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope +EGY Egypt +EH Western Sahara +EHF Extremely High Frequency +EHLLAPI Emulator High Level Language Application +EHLLAPI Programming Interface +EHP Error Handling Package +EHPS European Health Psychology Society +EHS European Hybrid Spectrometer +EHS European Hybrid Spectrometer +EI Environmental Illness +EIA Electronic Industries Association +EIA Electronics Industry Association +EIA Energy Information Administration +EIB Excellence In Broadcasting +EIN Employer Identification Number +EINE EINE Is Not Emacs +EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances +EIRENE The European Information Researchers Association +EIS Environmental Impact Statement +EIS Executive Information Systems +EIS Expanded Inband Signaling +EIS Extended Instruction Set +EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture +EISA Extended Industry-Standard Architecture +EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture +EISB Electronic Imaging Standards Board +EISS Economic Impact Study System +EISS European Intelligence Support System +EITC earned-income tax credit +EITC earned-income tax credit +EITS Encoded Information TypeS +EJASA Electronic Journal of the Astronomical Society of the Atlantic +EJOR European Journal of Operational Research +EK Eastman Kodak +EK Eastman Kodak +EKG ElectroKardioGramm +EKTS Electronic Key Telephone Sets +EL ElectroLuminescent +EL Erase Line +ELC Extra Low Cost +ELF Extensible Linking Format +ELF Extremely Low Frequency +ELF extremely-low-frequency +ELIB West Coast Environmental Legal Information Base +ELICOS English Language Courses for Overseas Students +ELISA Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorption Assay +ELISA Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay +ELLE Elle Looks Like Emacs +ELM ELectronic Mailer +ELO Electric Light Orchestra +ELP Emerson, Lake and Palmer +ELP Emerson, Lake and Powell +ELS Entry Level System +ELSNET European NETwork in Language and Speech +ELT Electronic Locator Transmitter +ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter +ELV Expendable Launch Vehicle +ELVIS Expanding Linear Visualization Information Structure +EM Ear & Mouth +EM Electronic Mail +EM Engineering Model +EM Enlisted Man +EM Expanded Memory +EMA Electronic Mail Association +EMA Enterprise Management Architecture +EMA Environmental Media Association +EMA Environmental Media Association +EMACS Editor MACroS +EMACS Emacs Makes A Computer Slow +EMACS Escape Meta Alt Control Shift +EMAIL Electronic MAIL +EMB Extended Memory Block +EMBARC Electronic Mail Broadcast to a Roaming Computer +EMBO European Molecular Biology Organization +EMBRAPA EMpresa BRAsileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria +EMC Electro Magnetic Compatability +EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility +EMC Electronic Media Center +EMC Extended Math Coprocessor +EMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation Program +EMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation Program +EMF ElectroMotive Force +EMG ElectroMyoGram +EMI ElectroMagnetic Interference +EMI External Muon Identifier +EMI External Muon Identifier +EML Expected Measured Loss +EMM Expanded Memory Manager +EMP Electromagnetic Propagation +EMP Electromagnetic Pulse +EMPRESS EnvironMental Pulse Radiation Environment Simulator for Ships +EMR Electro-Magnetic Radiation +EMR ElectroMagnetic Response +EMS Electronic Mail System +EMS Electronic Message System +EMS Element Management System +EMS Emergency Medical Services +EMS European Monetary System +EMS Extended Memory Specification +EMS European Monetary System +EMS the European Monetary System +EMT Emergency Medical Technician +EMU ElectroMagnetic Unit +EMU Extravehicular Mobility Unit +EMail Electronic Mail +ENDS Ends Segment +ENEA Comitato Nazionale per la Ricerca e per lo Sviloppo dell' Energia Nuclaeare e delle Energie Alternative, Italy +ENEL Ente Nazionale energia ELettrica +ENET Ethernet +ENFIA Exchange Network Facility for Interstate Access +ENI Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi +ENI Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi +ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator +ENQ Enquiry +ENS ENSign +ENSS Exterior Nodal Switching Subsystem +ENSTBr ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications de Bretagne +EO End Office +EO Erasable Optical +EOA End of Address +EOB End Of Buffer +EOB End of Block +EOC End of Conversion +EOD Erasable Optical Disk +EOE Electronic Order Exchange +EOE Equal Opportunity Employer +EOF End Of File +EOG Enron Oil & Gas +EOG Enron Oil & Gas +EOI End or Identify +EOJ End of Job +EOL End of List +EOM End Of Month +EOR Exclusive OR +EOS Earth Observing Satellite +EOS Earth Observing System +EOS Electrical OverStress +EOS End of String +EOS Extended Operating System +EOSDIS Earth Observing Satellite Data and Information System +EOSDIS Earth Observing System Data and Information System +EOT End Of Transmission +EOT End of Tape +EOT End of Text +EOTT End Office Toll Trunking +EOWG Engineering and Operations Working Group +EP Emulation Program +EP Experience Points +EP Extended Play +EP electro-photographic +EPA Enhanced Performance Architecture +EPA Environmental Protection Agency +EPA Environmental Protection Agency +EPA the Environmental Protection Agency +EPC Economic Policy Council +EPC Economic Policy Council +EPC the Economic Policy Council +EPCOT Every Person Comes Out Tired +EPCOT Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow +EPD Entry Products Division +EPFL Ecole Polytechnice Federale de Lausanne +EPIRB Electronic Personal Identification Radio Beacon +EPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon +EPIX Emergency Preparedness Information eXchange +EPL Effective Privilege Level +EPL Electronic switching system Program Language +EPLD Electrically Programmable Logic Device +EPM Enhanced Editor for Presentation Manager +EPM Enterprise Process Management +EPMA Electron Probe Microanalysis +EPN European Pulsar Network +EPOS Engineering and Project-management Oriented Support system +EPP Enhanced Parallel Port +EPPS Electronic Pre-Press Systems. +EPRI Electric Power Research Institute +EPRI Electric Power Research Institute +EPROM Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory +EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory +EPS Encapsulated PostScript +EPSCS Enhanced Private Switched Communication Service +EPSCoR Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research +EPSF Encapsulated PostScript Files +EPSF Encapsulated PostScript Format +EPSI Encapsulated PostScript Interchange +EPSRC Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council +EPT Empire of the Petal Throne +EPTS Electronic Problem Tracking System +EPUB Electronic PUBlication +EPW Enemy Prisoner of War +EQ Educational Quotient +EQUEL Embedded QUEL +ER Emergency Room +ER Entity-Relationship +ER Error Register +ER entity-relationship +ERA Earned Run Average +ERA Electronic Realty Associates +ERA Entity-Relationship-Attribute +ERA Entity-Relationship-Attribute +ERA Equal Rights Amendment +ERA entity/relationship/attribute +ERAR Error Return Address Register +ERAS Electronic Routing and Approval System +ERASMUS EC Programme for Student Mobility and Higher Education Cooperation in Europe +ERASMUS EuRopean community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students +ERASMUS European Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students +ERAU Embry Riddle Aeronautical University +ERCB Energy Resources Conservation Board +ERD Entity-Relation Diagram +ERD Entity-Relationship Diagram +ERE Entity Relationship Editor +ERE Entity-Relationship Editor +EREP Environmental Recording Editing and Printing +ERI Entity-Relationship-Involvement +ERIC Educational Research Information Centers +ERIC Educational Resources Information Center +ERICA Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic +ERICA Eyegaze Response Interface Computer Aid +ERIN Environmental Resources Information Network +ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act +ERISA Employment Retirement Income Security Act +ERISA Employment Retirement Income Security Act +ERISA the Employment Retirement Income Security Act +ERL Echo Return Loss +ERLL Enhanced Run Length Limited +EROM Erasable Read Only Memory +ERP Effective Radiated Power +ERR Error +ERS Earth Resources Satellite +ERT Earth Resources Technology +ERU Error Return address Update +ES End System +ES Expert System +ES Extra Segment +ES Spain +ES-IS end-System-to-Intermediate-System +ES/IS end-system/intermediate-system +ESA Enterprise Systems Architecture +ESA European Space Agency +ESAC Electronic Surveillance Assistance Center +ESAC Electronic Systems Assistance Center +ESADMF Eat Shit And Die, Mother Fucker +ESB Emergency Service Bureau +ESC Escape +ESC/P Epson Standard Code for Printers +ESC/P2 Enhanced ESC/P +ESCA Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis +ESCM Extended Services Communications Manager +ESCON Enterprise System Connection +ESD ElectroStatic Discharge +ESD Electronic Software Distribution +ESD Engineering Service Division +ESDA Electronic System Design Automation +ESDI Enhanced Small Device Interface +ESDI Enhanced Standard Device Interface +ESDX Environment & Safety Data Exchange +ESE East South East +ESEA Elementary and Secondary Education Act +ESF Eureka Software Factory +ESF Extended Superframe Format +ESH End System Hello +ESH Western Sahara +ESI ElectroStatic Interference +ESI End System Identifier +ESI Enhanced Serial Interface +ESIS End System-Intermediate System +ESL Emergency Stand-Alone +ESL English as a Second Language +ESM Electronic Support Measures +ESM External Storage Module +ESMD Embeded Storage Module Disk +ESMD Enhanced Storage Module Device +ESMTP Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol +ESN Electronic Serial Number +ESN Electronic Switched Network +ESNET Energy Sciences network +ESO European Southern Observatory +ESOP Employee Stock Ownership Plan +ESOP employee stock ownership plan +ESOP employee stock ownership plans +ESP Emulation Sensing Processor +ESP Enhanced Serial Port +ESP Enhanced Service Provider +ESP Exchange Stock Portfolio +ESP Extra Sensory Perception +ESP Spain +ESP extra-sensory perception +ESP extra-sensory perception +ESP Exchange Stock Portfolio +ESPEC Ethernet SPECification +ESPN Entertainment & Sports Programming Network +ESPN Entertainment Sports Programming Network +ESPN Entertainment and Sports Programming Network +ESPRIT European Strategic Program of Research in Information Technologies +ESPS Entropic Signal Processing System +ESRD End Stage Renal Disease +ESRI Environmental Systems Research Institute +ESRIN European Space Research Institute +ESS Electronic Switching System +ESS Environmental Stress Screening +ESSEX Experimental Solid State EXchange +ESSX Electronic Switching Systen eXchange +EST Eastern Standard Time +EST Estonia +ESU Electro-Static Unit +ESU Enormous State University +ET Eastern Time +ET Ethiopia +ET External Tank +ET Extra Terrestrial +ET ExtraTerrestrial +ET/ACC External Tank/Aft Cargo Carrier +ETA Estimated Time of Arrival +ETACC External Tank/Aft Cargo Carrier +ETANN Electrically Trainable Analog Neural Network +ETAS Emergency Technical ASsistance +ETB End of Transmission Block +ETC Enhanced Throughput Cellular +ETC Et caetera +ETC Et cetera +ETD Estimated Time of Departure +ETDE Energy Technology Data Exchange +ETF Electronic Toll Fraud +ETFD Electronic Toll Fraud Device +ETH Eidgnoessiche Techniche Hochschule +ETH Eidgnoessiche Technische Hochschule +ETH Ethiopia +ETLA Extended Three Letter Acronym +ETN Electronic Tandem Network +ETO Earth-to-Orbit +ETPL Endorsed Tempest Products List +ETR Eastern Test Range +ETR Employer Trip Reduction +ETR Engineering Test Reactor +ETR Engineering Test Reactor +ETS Econometric Time Series +ETS Electronic Tandem Switching +ETS Electronic Translation System +ETS Electronic Translator System +ETSACI Electronic Tandem Switching Adminstration Channel Interface +ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute +ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute +ETSI Eurpean Telecommunications Standards Institute +ETSSP ETS Status Panel +ETTM Electronic Toll and Traffic Management +ETV Education TeleVision +ETX End of Text +EU European Union +EU Execution Unit +EUA Eastern Utilities Associates +EUA Eastern Utilities Associates +EUC Extended Unix Code +EUCAR EUropean Council for Automotive Research and development +EUCLID European Cooperation for the Long Term In Defence +EUMETSAT EUropean METeorological SATellite +EUMETSAT European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites +EUNET European UNIX network +EUSPBA Eastern United States Pipe Band Association +EUUG European UNIX Users Group +EUV Extreme Ultra-Violet +EUV Extreme UltraViolet +EUVE Extreme Ultra-Violet Explorer +EUVE Extreme UltraViolet Explorer +EVA ExtraVehicular Activity +EVE Extensible VAX Editor +EVGA Extended Video Graphics Array +EVN European Vlbi Network +EVVK Ei Vois Vaehempaeae Kiinnostaa +EVX Electronic Voice eXchange +EW Electronic Warfare +EW Enlisted Woman +EWO Electronic Warfare Officer +EWO Engineering Work Order +EWOS European Workshop for Open Systems +EWS Employee Written Software +EWS Engineering Work Station +EXACT International EXchange of Authenticated electronic Component Technology and test data +EXAFS Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure +EXITE Energetic X-ray Imaging Telescope Experiment +EXOSAT EXOspheric SATellite +EXOSAT Extreme X-ray Observatory SATellite +EXP Exponent +EXPASY EXpert Protein Analysis SYstem - WWW server and expert system +EXPO World Exposition +EXT External +EXTREM Extended Relational Model +EXTRN External Reference +EXUG European X User Group +F.D.R. Franklin D. Roosevelt +F.G. Freeman and Green +F/T Full Time +F2F Face to Face +FA Factory Automation +FA Finance Accounting +FA Football Association +FA Fuse Alarm +FAA Federal Aviation Administration +FAA Federal Aviation Agency +FAA Federal Aviation Authority +FAA Flexible Automatic Assembly +FAA Federal Aviation Administration +FAA the Federal Aviation Administration +FAAQ Federation des astronomes amateurs du Quebec +FAB Computer-Chip Fabrication Plant +FAB Feature-Advantage-Benefit +FAC Federal Advisory Council +FAC File Access Code +FAC Federal Advisory Council +FAC the Federal Advisory Council +FACD Foreign Area Customer Dialing +FACE Fathers And Children for Equality +FACOM Fujitsu Automatic Computer +FACP Fellow, American College of Physicians +FACS Facilities Assignment and Control System +FADA Federal Asset Disposition Association +FADA Federal Asset Disposition Association +FADA the Federal Asset Disposition Association +FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control +FAE Fuel Air Explosive +FAESHED Fuel Air ExploSive, HElicopter Delivered +FAG Film-AG an der Universitat Hannover +FAG Forced Air Gas +FAI Federation Aeronautique International +FALIA Fellow of the Australian Library and Information Association +FAMOS Floating Gate Avalanche MOS +FAN Ford and National +FAO Food and Agriculture Organization +FAP File Access Protocol +FAP Fortran Assembly Program +FAPI Family Application Program Interface +FAQ Frequently Asked Questions +FAQ Frequently-Asked Questions +FAQL Frequently-Asked Questions List +FAR Federal Acquisition Regulations +FAR Federal Aviation Regulations +FAR Federation of American Research +FARMS Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies +FARNET Federation of American Research NETworks +FART Fellowship After Round Table +FART French Alpine Racing Team +FAS Foreign Agricultural Service +FAS Free Alongside Ship +FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board +FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board +FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board +FASB the Financial Accounting Standards Board +FASSP First Assistant Secretary Science Policy +FASST Flexible Architecture Standard System Technology +FAST Fast Auroral SnapshoT explorer +FAST First Application System Test +FAT File Allocation Table +FAT Foreign Area Translation +FAX FAcsimile +FB Freight Bill +FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation +FBI Federation of British Industries +FBI Fumbly Bumbly Idiots +FBO Fixed-Base Operator +FBOM Fine Business Old Man +FBPS Fellow of the British Psychological Society +FBR Foundation for Biomedical Research +FC Full Color +FCAE Facilitating Coordination in Agriculture Education +FCAP Facility CAPacity +FCB File Control Block +FCB Foote , Cone & Belding +FCC Federal Communications Comission +FCC Federal Communications Commission +FCC Federal Computer Conference +FCC Forward Command Channel +FCC Federal Communications Commission +FCC The Federal Communications Commission +FCCSET Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Education and Technology +FCDNA Field Command/Defense Nuclear Agency +FCFS First Come First Served +FCG False Cross or Ground +FCGR Fatigue Crack Growth Rate +FCI Federation Cynologique Internationale +FCI Flux Changes per Inch +FCO Field Change Order +FCP Flight Control Plan +FCP Floating-point Co-Processor +FCRC Federal Contract Research Center +FCS File Control Systemction +FCS First Customer Ship +FCS Frame Check Sequence +FCS Frame Check/Control Sequence +FCT Four Corner Test +FD File Descriptor +FD Flexible Disk +FD Flexible Diskette +FD Floppy Disk +FD Floppy Diskette +FD Floppy Drive +FD Full Duplex +FDA Food And Drug Administration +FDA Food and Drug Administration +FDA Food and Drug Administration +FDA the Food and Drug Administration +FDC Federation for a Democratic China +FDC Federation for a Democratic China +FDC Floppy Disk Controller +FDDI Fiber Digital Device Interface +FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface +FDDI Fiber-Distributed-Data-Interface +FDDL Fiberoptic Distributed Data Link +FDHD Floppy Drive High Density +FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. +FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation +FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. +FDIC the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. +FDISK Fixed Disk +FDLE Florida Department of Law Enforcement +FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing +FDM Frequency-Division Multiplexing +FDN Nicaraguan Democratic Force +FDP Field Development Program +FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt +FDTD Finite Difference Time Domain +FDX Full DupleX +FE Field Engineer +FE Format Effecters +FE Front End +FEA Finite Element Analysis +FEA Functional Entity Actions +FEANLPI Functional Entity Actions Network Layer Protocol Identifier +FEAR False Evidence Appearing Real +FEBA Forward Edge of Battle Area +FEBA Forward Edge of the Battle Area +FEC Forward Error Correction +FED Far End Data +FEDEX Federal Express +FEDSIM FEDeral Systems Integration and Management center +FEFO First-Ended, First-Out +FEHQ Fluke European HeadQuarters +FEL Free Electron Laser +FEM Finite Element Modeling +FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency +FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency +FEMA the Federal Emergency Management Agency +FEMF Foreign EMF +FEMF Foreign Electro-Motive Force +FEMS Federation of European Microbiological Societies +FEP Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene +FEP Front End Processor +FEPC Fair Employment Practices Commission +FEPG Federal Engineering Planning Group +FEPS Facility and Equipment Planning System +FER Fusion Experimental Reactor +FER Fusion Experimental Reactor +FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission +FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission +FERC the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission +FERF Far End Recive Failure +FERMI Formalisation and Experimentation on the Retrieval of Multimedia Information +FERS Federal Employees Retirement System +FESDK Far East Software Development Kit +FET Far East Trading +FET Federal Excise Tax +FET Field Effect Transistor +FEV Far End Voice +FF Flip-Flop +FF Form Feed +FFA Field Failure Analysis +FFA Future Farmers of America +FFA Future Farmers of America +FFD FreeForm Deformation +FFP Fat Finger Problems +FFRDC Federally Funded Reseach and Development Center +FFRNS Flat-Field Response, Noise Spectrum +FFS Fast File System +FFST First Failure Support Technology +FFT Fast Fourier Transform +FG-A Feature Group A +FG-B Feature Group B +FG-D Feature Group D +FGA Feature Group A +FGB Feature Group B +FGC Feature Group C +FGD Feature Group D +FGM Functionally Graded Materials +FGREP Fixed GREP +FGS Fine Guidance Sensors +FHA Farmers Home Administration +FHA Federal Home Administration +FHA Federal Housing Administration +FHA Future Homemakers of America +FHA Federal Housing Administration +FHLBB Federal Home Loan Bank Board +FHLBB Federal Home Loan Bank Board +FHLBB the Federal Home Loan Bank Board +FHLMC Federal Home Loan Morgtgage Corporation +FHLMC Federal Home Loan Mortgage Association +FHMA Federal Home Mortgage Association +FHST Fixed Head Star Trackers +FI Finland +FIA Forest Inventory and Analysis +FIARI Federation Internationale pour l'Art Revolutionnaire Independant +FIAT Fabbrica Italiana Automobile Torino +FIAWOL Fandom Is A Way Of Life +FIB Focused Ion Beam +FIBI focused ion beam implanter +FIBI focused ion beam implanter +FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act +FICORCA Fiji Island Commission on Oriental Rats and Caucasian Ants +FIDO FInite DOmains. A constraint language implemented on top of Prolog. +FIDO Fog Investigation Dispersal Operation +FIDO Fuck It, Drive On. +FIF Fractal Image Format +FIFA Federation International de Footbal Associations +FIFA Federation of Internation Football Associations +FIFA Federation of International Football Associations +FIFE First ISLSCP Field Experiment +FIFO First In First Out +FIFO First In, First Out +FIFO First-In, First-Out +FIFO First-In-First-Out +FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act +FIGMO Forget It, Got My Orders +FIGMO Fuck It, Got My Orders +FIJI Phi Gamma Delta +FILO First In Last Out +FILO First In, Last Out +FILO First-In, Last-Out +FIM FInnish Mark +FIMR Finnish Institute of Marine Research +FIMS Forms Interface Management System +FIN Field Information Notice +FIN Finland +FINE FINE Is Not Emacs +FIO Frequency In and Out +FIOC Frame Input/Output Controller +FIP Facility Interface Processor +FIP File Processor Buffering +FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard +FIR Far InfraRed +FIR Field Information Report +FIR Finite Impulse Response +FIRE Factor Information REtrieval system +FIRMR Federal Information Resource Management Regulation +FIRP Federal Internetworking Requirements Panel +FIRST Far Infra Red Space Telescope +FIRST Fund for the Improvement and Reform of Schools and Teaching +FIRST Institute for Computer Systems and Software Technology +FISE Fonds International de Secours a l'Enfance +FISH First In Still here +FIT Factor Intervention Trial +FIT Federal Information Technologies inc. +FIT Federal Information Technologies, inc. +FIT Institute for Applied Information Technology +FIT Factor Intervention Trial +FITL Fiber In The Loop +FITL Fiber-In-The-Loop +FITS Flexible Image Transport System +FIX Federal Information Exchange +FIX Federal Inter-agency eXchange +FJ Fiji +FJI Fiji +FK Falkland Islands +FKK FreiKorperKultur +FKK Freie Korper Kultur +FL Florida +FLA Fellow of the Library Association +FLA Florida Library Association +FLACC Full Level Algol Checkout Compiler +FLC Ferro-electric Liquid Crystal +FLC Fixed Length Code +FLD Field +FLEA Four Letter Extended Acronym +FLETC Federal Law Enforcement Training Center +FLIR Forward Looking InfraRed sensor +FLIR Forward Looking Infrared Radar +FLIS Federal Logistics Information System +FLK Falkland Islands +FLL Fixed Loss Loop +FLL FoxPro Link Library +FLLA Four Letter Long Acronym +FLOP FLoating point OPeration +FLOPS FLoating-point OPerations per Second +FLOPS Floating Point Operations Per Second +FLRA Federal Labor Relations Authority +FLS Floating License Server +FLT Front Load Tape +FM Frequency Modulation +FM Fuckin Magic +FM Micronesia +FM fax machine +FMAC Facility Maintenance And Control +FMB Federal Maritime Board +FMBSBC Foreign Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention +FMC Flexible Manufacturing Cell +FMC Ford Motor Co. +FMCG Fast Moving Consumer Goods +FMCS Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service +FMEA Failure Mode and Effect Analysis +FMI Franklin Multi-Income +FMI Franklin Multi-Income +FMLA Family Medical Leave Act +FMLN Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front +FMLN Frente Farabundo Marti de Liberacion Nacional +FMR Field Marketing Representative +FMR Follow Me Roaming +FMS Financial Management Service +FMS Flexible Machining/Manufacturing System +FMS Flight management system +FMS Forms Management System +FMSM Flatow Moore Shaffer McCabe +FMT Format +FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois +FNBO First National Bank of Omaha +FNC Federal Networking Council +FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association +FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association +FNMOC Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center +FNPA Foreign Numbering Plan Area +FO Faroe Islands +FO Forecast Order +FO Foreign Office +FO Forward Observer +FOAC Federal Office Automation Center +FOAD Fuck Off And Die +FOB Federal Office Building +FOB Free On Board +FOC Faint Object Camera +FOC Fiber Optic Communications +FOC Free Of Charge +FOCOL FOx Communities OnLine +FOCS Foundations Of Computer Science +FOCUS Forum of Control Data Users +FOD Finger of Death +FOG First Osborne Group +FOGFEST Fat Old Greyheaded Farts Engineering Society for Tippling +FOGGER Fat Old Greyheaded Grouchy Eccentric Redneck +FOGLET Fat Old Greyheaded Lunatic Engineer of Tomorrow +FOIA Freedom Of Information Act +FOIL First, Outside, Inside, Last +FOIMS Field Office Information Management System +FOIRL Fiber Optic Inter Repeater Link +FOKUS Institute for Open Communication Systems +FOMC Federal Open Market Committee +FOMC Federal Open Market Committee +FOMC the Federal Open Market Committee +FON Fiber Optic Network +FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact +FOO See FUBAR +FOO.BAR See FUBAR +FOOBAR FTP Operation Over Big Address Records +FOOBAR See FUBAR +FOR Free On Rail +FORCS Faa's Operational Reporting Communication System +FORD Fix Or Repair Daily +FORD Found On Road Dead +FORD Fucked Over, Rebuilt Dodge +FORTRAN Formula Translator +FOS Faint Object Spectrograph +FOSE Federal Office Systems Exposition +FOSI Formatting Output Specification Instance +FOSSIL Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard Interface Layer +FOT Fiber Optic Transceiver +FOT Free On Truck +FOTC Force Over the Horizon Tactical Coordiantion +FOTD Friend of the Devil +FOV Field Of View +FOX Field Operational X.500 +FP Functional Properties +FPA Floating Point Accelerator +FPC Fish Protein Concentrate +FPC Floating Point Coprocessor +FPCP Floating-Point Co-Processor +FPDU FTAM Protocol Data Unit +FPE Floating Point Engine +FPE Foam PolyEthylene +FPGA Field Programmable Gate-Array +FPHA Federal Public Housing Authority +FPLA Field Programmable Logic-Array +FPLMTS Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems +FPLMTS Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications Service +FPM Feet Per Minute +FPMH Failures per Million Hours +FPO Field Post Office +FPO Fleet Post Office +FPP Fixed Path Protocol +FPP Floating Point Processor +FPS Fast Packet Switching +FPS Favorite Play Sequence +FPS Feet Per Second +FPS Foot-Pound-Second +FPS Frames Per Second +FPTS Forward Propogation and Troposheric Scatter +FPU Floating Point Unit +FPsSI Fellow of the Psychological Society of Ireland +FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name +FR Flat Rate +FR Frame Relay +FR France +FRA France +FRACTAL FRACTional dimensionAL +FRAD Frame Relay Access Device +FRAG Fragment +FRAG Fragmentation +FRAM Ferroelectric RAM +FRAM Ferroelectric Random-Access Memory +FRB Federal Reserve Board +FRCPC Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Canada +FRCSC Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Canada +FRD Fire RetarDant +FRE Full Radiance Equation +FRED Frame Editor +FRED Fred Resembles Emacs Deliberately +FREE Fathers Rights and Equality Exchange +FRG Federal Republic of Germany +FRG Federal Republic of Germany +FRG West Germany +FRICC Federal Research Internet Coordinating Committee +FRO Faroe Islands +FROG Free Rocket Over Ground +FRPG Fantasy Role Playing Game +FRPI Flux Reversals Per Inch +FRR Flight-Readiness Review +FRS Federal Reserve System +FRS Flexible Route Selection +FRSH Fellow of the Royal Society of Health +FRU Field Replacable Unit +FS Field Service +FS File Separator +FS File System +FS Floppy System +FSCM Federal Supply Code for Manufactures +FSD File System Driver +FSDO Flight Standards District Office +FSE Field Service Engineer +FSF Free Software Foundation +FSH follicle stimulating hormone +FSH follicle stimulating hormone +FSIP Fast Serial Interface Processor +FSK Frequency Shift Keying +FSL Forecast Systems Laboratory +FSLIC Federal Savings & Loan Insurance Corp. +FSLIC Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp +FSLIC Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp. +FSLIC Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation +FSLIC Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp. +FSLN Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional +FSLN Sandinista National Liberation Front +FSM Micronesia +FSN Full Service Network +FSP Federation of Sentient Planets +FSP File Service Process +FSP File Service Protocol +FSS Fast System Switch +FSS Federal Supply Service +FSS Flight Service Station +FSU Florida State University +FSU Former Soviet Union +FSW Forward Swept Wings +FT Foot +FT fault-tolerant +FT Financial Times-Stock +FT The Financial Times-Stock +FT-SE Financial Times-Stock Exchange +FTAM File Transfer And Management +FTAM File Transfer, Access, and Management +FTC Fair Trade Commission +FTC Federal Trade Commission +FTC Fuser, Transfer, and Charger +FTC Federal Trade Commission +FTC the Federal Trade Commission +FTD Florists Transworld Delivery +FTE Factory Test Equipment +FTG Final Trunk Group +FTIR Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy +FTL Faster Than Light +FTL Flash Translation Layer +FTM Flat Tension Mask +FTM flat-tension-mask +FTMGACS Fuck The Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland +FTP Fiber Termination Point +FTP File Transfer Protocol +FTP Fuck The Pope +FTPI Flux Transitions Per Inch +FTPd File Transfer Protocol Daemon +FTS Federal Telecommunication System +FTS Federal Telecommunications System +FTS Federal Telephone System +FTS Flight Telerobotic Servicer +FTSE Financial Times Share Index +FTSE Financial Times Stock Exchange +FTTC Fiber To The Curb +FTTF Fiber-To-The-Feeder +FTTH Fiber To The Home +FTTH Fibre to the home +FTTK Fibre to the kerb +FTW File Tree Walk +FTZ Free Trade Zone +FUBAR Failed UniBus Address Register +FUBAR Fucked Up Beyond All Recognition +FUBAR Fucked Up Beyond All Repair +FUBIS Fuck yoU Buddy, I'm Short +FUCK For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge +FUCK Fornication Under Consent of the King +FUCT Failed Under Continious Testing +FUD Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt +FUDD Frequently Updated Distributed Data +FUI File Update Information +FUIFV Fuck You, I'm Fully Vested +FUNC Function +FURFFU This is a ROT-13 of SHESSH used on alt.folklore.urban +FUS Full-Use Standard +FUSE Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer +FUSS full-use-of-suitable-spares +FV folio verso +FVP flash vacuum pyrolysis +FVP flash vacuum pyrolysis +FVT Full Video Translation +FVWM Feeble Virtual Window Manager +FW Fringeworthy +FWAK Fucked Without A Kiss +FWD Front Wheel Drive +FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum +FWIW For What It's Worth +FWIW For What Its Worth +FWLS Future We'd Like to See +FWPCA Federal Water Pollution Control Act +FWS Fish and Wildlife Service +FX Foriegn eXchange +FX special effects +FXCH Floating-point eXCHange +FY Fiscal Year +FYA For Your Action +FYI For Your Information +FYS For Your Signature +FedEx Federal Express +FoLLI European foundation for LOgic, Language and computation +G Gravity +G-R-H Gramm-Rudman-Hollings +G.O. general obligation +G/L General Ledger +GA Gabon +GA Gamblers Anonymous +GA General Assembly +GA General Availability +GA General Average +GA General of the Army +GA Georgia +GA general assistance +GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles +GAAS Gallium Arsenide +GAB Gabon +GAB Group Audio Bridging +GABF Great American Beer Festival +GAC granular activated carbon +GAC granular activated carbon +GAC granulated activated carbon +GAC granulated activated carbon +GADO General Aviation District Office +GAIA Earth's self-sustaining Biosphere +GAIA GUI Application Interoperability Architecture +GAIBTY Good As I Been To You +GAL Generic Array Logic +GAN Global Area Network +GAO General Accounting Office +GAO Government Accounting Office +GAO General Accounting Office +GAO the General Accounting Office +GAPI Gateway Application Programming Interface +GAR Grand Army of the Republic +GARP Global Atmospheric Research Program +GARP Government Auditor's Resource Page +GARR Gruppo Arminizzazione Rete por la Ricerca +GARUDA Good Airline Run Under Dutch Administration +GAS Get-Away Special +GASB Governmental Accounting Standards Board +GASB Governmental Accounting Standards Board +GASB the Governmental Accounting Standards Board +GATB Gillian Anderson Testosteron Brigade +GATED GATEway Deamon +GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade +GAW Guaranteed Annual Wage +GB Gangbusters +GB GigaByte +GB Great Britain +GB United Kingdom +GBAS Guilt By Association Syndrome +GBCS Global Business Communications Systems +GBH Grievous Bodily Harm +GBIP General Purpose Interface Bus +GBL Groupe Bruxelles Lambert +GBL Groupe Bruxelles Lambert +GBLF Gays, Bisexuals, Lesbians and Friends +GBR United Kingdom +GBS Group Bridging Service +GBT Green Bank Telescope +GC Garbage Collection +GC Gas Chromatograph +GC Gas Chromatography +GC Graphic Context +GCA General Communications Architecture +GCA Ground Controlled Approach +GCC Gnu C Compiler +GCD Ground Controlled Descent +GCL Graphics Command Language +GCM General Court Martial +GCMD Global Change Master Directory +GCOS Global Change Observation System +GCR Group Code Recording +GCR Group-Coded Recording +GCRA Generic Cell Rate Algorithm +GCS Group Control System +GCSE General Certificate of Secondary Education +GCT Greenwich Civil Time +GCTE Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems +GCVS General Catalog of Variable Stars +GD General Dynamics +GD Grenada +GD glow discharge +GD glow discharge +GD General Dynamics +GDA Global Data Area +GDB Genome Database +GDB Gnu DeBugger +GDDM Graphics Data Display Manager +GDF Group Distributuion Frame +GDI Graphics Device Interface +GDL Geoffrie D. Lurie +GDMO Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects +GDP Gross Domestic Product +GDP gross domestic product +GDP gross domestic product +GDP gross domestic product +GDR German Democratic Republic +GDR German Democratic Republic +GDS Great Dark Spot +GDSS Group Decession Support Systems +GDT Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing +GDT Global Descriptor Table +GDTRFB Goin' Down The Road Feelin' Bad +GE General Electric +GE Georgia +GE General Electric +GEAC GEAC Computers Corporation +GEAR Geometric External Amplification Ratio +GEARS Global Entomology Agricultural Research Server +GECOS General Electric Comprehensive Operating System +GECR Global Environmental Change Report +GED General Education Diploma +GED General Equivalency Diploma +GEIS General Electric Information Systems +GEISCO General Electric Information Services COmpany +GEM Giotto Extended Mission +GEM Graphics Environment Manager +GEMA Gesellschaft fur musikalische Auffuhrungs- und mechanische Vervielfaltigung +GEMBITS Generic Electro Mechanical Burn In Test System +GEMMA GEbaeudeManagement MAgistrat +GEMS General Electric Medical Systems +GENIE General Electric Network for Information Exchange +GEO Georgia +GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit +GEOS Graphic Environment Operating System +GEOSAT GEOstationary SATellite +GEOSAT Geodynamic Experimental Ocean SATellite +GESTAPO GEheimeSTAatsPOlizei +GET Get Execute Trigger +GF French Guiana +GFAK Go Fly A Kite +GFC Generic Flow Control +GFCI Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter +GFLOPS Giga Floating Point Operations Per Second +GFSA Gold Fields of South Africa +GFSA Gold Fields of South Africa +GG Governor General +GGP Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol +GH General Hospital +GH Ghana +GHA Ghana +GHQ General HeadQuarters +GHRS Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph +GHS Greenville High School +GHS Greenville High School +GHZ GigaHertZ +GI Galvanized Iron +GI Gastro Intestinal +GI General Issue +GI Gibraltar +GI Government Issue +GIB Gibraltar +GIC Guaranteed Investment Certificate +GID Group ID +GID Group IDentity +GIDEP Government Industry Data Exchange Program +GIF Graphics Interchange Format +GIGO Garbage In, Garbage Out +GII Global Information Infrastructure +GILS Government Information Locator Service +GIN Graphics INput +GIN Guinea +GIS Geographic Information System +GIS geographic information systems +GISS Goddard Institute for Space Studies +GIX Global Internet Exchange +GJIAGDVYFCN Go Jump In a God Damned Volcano, You Fucking Cave Newt +GKS Graphical Kernal System +GKS Graphical Kernel Standard +GKS Graphics Kernel System +GKSM GKS Metafile +GL Greenland +GL Guiding Light +GL GL and LX +GLAAD Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation +GLI Greyhound Lines Inc. +GLI Greyhound Lines Inc. +GLIG Gay and Lesbian Interest Group +GLIS Global Land Information System +GLM General Linear Models +GLOBE Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment +GLOMR Global Low-Orbiting Message Relay +GLOW Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling +GLP Guadeloupe +GM GENERAL MOTORS +GM Gambia +GM Game Master +GM General Manager +GM General Motors +GM General Motors Company +GM General Motors Corp. +GM General Motors Corporation +GM Guided Missile +GM general manager +GM General Motors +GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor +GMA Grocery Manufacturers of America +GMA Grocery Manufacturers of America +GMA Grocery Manufacturers of America +GMA the Grocery Manufacturers of America +GMAC General Motors Acceptance Company +GMAC General Motors Acceptance Corp +GMAC General Motors Acceptance Corp. +GMAC General Motors Acceptance Corporation +GMAC General Motors Acceptance Corp +GMAT Graduate Management Aptitude Test +GMB Gambia +GMBH Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung +GMC General Motors Corp. +GMC Giant Molecular Cloud +GMC General Motors Corp. +GMD Gesellschaft fur Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung +GMI General Motors Institute +GMIDI General MIDI +GMM Genetically Modified Microorganism +GMRT Giant Meter-wave Radio Telescope +GMS Global Messaging Service +GMSK Gaussian prefiltered Minimum Shift Keying +GMT Greenwich Mean Time +GMW Give me More Windows +GN Guinea +GNB Guinea-Bissau +GNC General Nutrition Center +GNC General Nutrition Centers +GND GrouND +GND System Ground +GNDN Goes Nowhere Does Nothing +GNMA Government National Mortgage Association +GNN Global Network Navigator +GNP Gross National Product +GNP gross national product +GNP gross national product +GNQ Equatorial Guinea +GNS Gender Non-Specific +GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System +GNTO Greek National Tourist Organisation +GNU GNU's Not Unix +GNU Gnu is not Unix +GOALS Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System +GOD General On-time Delivery +GOD Guaranteed Overnight Delivery +GODORT GOvernment DOcuments Round Table +GOES Geostationary Orbiting Environmental Satellites +GOK God Only Knows +GOME Global Ozone Monitoring Experimen +GOMER Gentleman of Many Emergency Rooms +GOMER Get Out of My Emergency Room +GOP Grand Old Party +GOP Group Of Pictures +GOS Grade Of Service +GOSIP Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile +GOST Gosudarstvennyi Obshchesoyuznyi Standart +GOV Government +GOX Gaseous OXygen +GP Gas Plasma +GP General Practitioner +GP General Purpose +GP Grand Prix +GP Graphics Processor +GP Group Processor +GP Guadeloupe +GPA Grade Point Average +GPC Gel Permeation Chromatography +GPC General Purpose Computer +GPCI Graphics Processor Command Interface +GPD Graphics Products Division +GPETE General Purpose Electronic Test Equipment +GPF General Protection Fault +GPI Graphics Programming Interface +GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus +GPIB General-Purpose Interface Bus +GPL GNU General Public Licence +GPL GNU Public License +GPL General Public License +GPL Graphics Programming Language +GPM Gross Product Margin +GPO General Post Office +GPO Government Printing Office +GPPD General Purpose Powder Diffractometer +GPPD General Purpose Powder Diffractometer +GPS General Problem Solver +GPS Global Positioning System +GPSI Graphics Processor Software Interface +GPSS General Purpose Systems Simulator +GPWS ground proximity warning system +GQ Equatorial Guinea +GQ General Quarters +GQ Gentleman's Quarterly +GQL Graphical Query Language +GR Greece ISO 2-letter country code +GRACE God's Riches At Christ's Expense +GRASS Geographical Resources Analysis Support System +GRB Gamma Ray Burst +GRB Gamma Ray Burster +GRC Gendarmerie Royale du Canada +GRC Greece ISO 3-letter country code +GRD GRounD +GRD Grenada ISO 3-letter country code +GRD Grinning, Running & Ducking +GRE Graduate Record Examination +GRE Graphics Engine +GRE Guardian Royal Exchange +GRE Guardian Royal Exchange +GREP Get regular expression and print +GREP Global Regular Expression and Print +GRI Graduate, Realtors Institute +GRIPS Government Raster Image Processing Software +GRL Greenland +GRO Gamma Ray Observatory +GROPE Graphical representation of protocols in Estelle +GRPMOD GRouP MODulator +GRS Gamma Ray Spectrometer +GRS Great Red Spot +GS General Schedule +GS Glide Slope +GS Gray-Scale +GS Group Separator +GS/OS Apple IIgs Operating System +GSA General Services Administration +GSA General Services Adminstration +GSA Girl Scouts of America +GSA Government Services Administration +GSA General Services Administration +GSA the General Services Administration +GSAT General telephone and electronics SATellite corporation +GSBCA General Services administration Board of Contract Appeals +GSC Guide Star Catalog +GSD Genetically Significant Dose +GSD Genetically Significant Dose +GSDB Genome Sequence DataBase +GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center +GSI Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung +GSI Goldome Strategic Investments +GSI Goldome Strategic Investments +GSM Global System for Mobile communications +GSM Groupe Speciale Mobile +GSOH Good Sense Of Humor +GSOH Good Sense Of Humour +GSP Generalized System of Preferences +GSP Generalized System of Preferences +GSP The Generalized System of Preferences +GSP the Generalized System of Preferences +GSTS Ground-based Surveillance and Tracking System +GSUSA Girl Scouts USA +GSW GunShot Wound +GT Gross Ton +GT Group Technology +GT Guatemala +GTC General Telephone Company +GTD Geometrical Theory of Diffraction +GTE General Telephone and Electric +GTE Global Tropospheric Experiment +GTI Graphic Technology Inc. +GTM Guatemala +GTN Global Transportation Network +GTO Geostationary Transfer Orbit +GTSI Government Technology Services inc. +GTSI Government Technology Services, inc. +GTT Global Title Transmission +GU Guam +GUBU Grotesque, Unbelievable, Bizarre and Unprecedented +GUF French Guiana +GUI Graphical User Interface +GUI graphical-user-interface +GUIDE Graphical User Interface Design Editor +GUM Guam +GURPS General Universal RolePlaying System +GURPS Generic Universal Role Playing System +GUS Guide to the Use of Standards +GUUG German Unix Users Group +GUY Guyana +GW Gamma World +GW Guinea-Bissau +GW-BASIC Gee Whiz BASIC +GWEN Ground Wave Emergency Network +GWM Generic Window Manager +GWR Great Western Railway +GWS Graphics Work Station +GWS Gulf War syndrome +GWTW Gone With The Wind +GY Guyana +GZIP GNU ZIP +Gb Gigabit +H Harn +H Height +H&Q Hambrecht & Quist +H-P Hewlett-Packard +H.F. Haitian Folk +H/V Horizontal/Vertical +H/W Hardware +H61R Highway 61 Revisited +HA Home Automation +HAB Hot Asian Babe +HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points +HACD Home Area Customer Dialing +HACMP High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing +HAL Hard Array Logic +HAL Heuristically programmed ALgorithmic computer +HAL House Programmed Array Logic +HALLO Hi, Are Local Lines Open? +HALO High Altitude Low Opening +HAM Hold And Modify +HAM RADIO Fun +HAMOTS High Accuracy Multiple Object Tracking System +HAND Have A Nice Day +HAO High Altitude Observatory +HAP Host Access Protocol +HARM High-Availability, Reliability, and Maintainability +HART Highway Addressable Remote Transducer +HASI Huygen's Atmospheric Space Instrument +HASP Houston Automated Spooling Program +HASP Houston Automatic Spooling Priority +HAT Hashed Address Table +HAZWOPER HAZardous Waste OPerations and Emergency Response +HB HemogloBin +HB-FIFO Hold-Back FIFO +HBA Host Bus Adapter +HBJ Harcourt Brace Jovanovich +HBJ Harcourt Brace Jovanovich +HBM Her British Majesty +HBM His British Majesty +HBO Home Box Office +HC Holy Communion +HC House of Commons +HCA Hospital Corp. of America +HCA Hospital Corp. of America +HCC Hillsborough Community College +HCF Halt and Catch Fire +HCFA Health Care Finance Administration +HCFA Health Care Financing Administration +HCFA Health Care Financing Administration +HCFA Health Care Finance Administration +HCFA the Health Care Finance Administration +HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon +HCI Human Computer Interaction +HCL High Cost of Living +HCL Host Control Links +HCR Hodge Computer Research inc. +HCR Hodge Computer Research, inc. +HCSDS High-Capacity Satellite Digital Service +HCTDS High-Capacity Terrestrial Digital Service +HD Hard Disk +HD Heavy Duty +HD Henry Draper catalog entry +HD High Density +HD high-definition +HD high-density +HD high-definition +HDA Head Disk Assembly +HDBV Host Data Base View +HDCD High Definition Compatible Digital +HDD Hard Disk Drive +HDF Hierarchical Data Format +HDI Harley-Davidson Inc +HDI Harley-Davidson Inc. +HDI Harley-Davidson Incorporated +HDI Head to Disk Interference +HDI High Definition Interlaced +HDL High Density Lipoprotein +HDLC High-level Data Link Control +HDLCM High Density Line Conditioning Module +HDP High Defition Progressive +HDPE High Density Polyethylene +HDQ High Definition Quincunx +HDR Header +HDSC High Density Signal Carrier +HDSL High-rate Digital Subscriber Link +HDTV High Definition Television +HDTV high-definition television +HDW Hardware +HDWDM High Density Wavelength-Division Multiplexing +HDX Half DupleX +HE His Eminence +HE His Excellency +HEAO High Energy Astronomical Observatory +HEAP High Explosive Armour Piercing +HEAP Home Energy Assistance Program +HEAT High Explosive Anti Tank +HEC Header Error Check +HEDIS Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set +HEDM High Energy-Density Matter +HEHO High End Hop Off +HEL HELsinki international airport +HEM High-level Entity Management +HEMP Help End Marijuana Prohibition +HEMS High-level Entity Management System +HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor +HENNA Home Executives National Networking Association +HENSA Higher Education National Software Archive +HENSA Higher Education National Software Archives +HEO High Earth Orbit +HEP High Energy Physics +HEPNET High Energy Physics network +HERA HErmes Robotic Arm +HERC Hercules +HERO Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance +HETLA Highly Extended Three Letter Acronym +HETP High Energy Theoretical Physics +HEX Hexadecimal +HF Hawthorne Farms +HF High Fantasy +HF High Frequency +HFC Hybrid Fibre Coax +HFE Human Factors Engineering +HFR High Flux Reactor +HFR High Flux Reactor +HFR How Fucking Rude +HFS Hierarchical File System +HFT High Function Terminal +HG Mercury +HG Harvard Graduate +HG the Harvard Graduate +HGA Hercules Graphics Adapter +HGA High Gain Antenna +HGCP Hercules Graphics Card Plus +HGML Hypertext General Markup Language +HH Hour +HHES Housing and Household Economic Statistics +HHGTTG The Hitch Hiker's Guide to the Galaxy +HHS Health and Human Services +HHS US Department of Health and Human Services +HHS Health and Human Services +HI Hawaii +HI Hedge Inc. +HI Hedge Inc. +HIA Health Insurance Associate +HIAA Health Insurance Association of America +HIAA Health Insurance Association of America +HIAA The Health Insurance Association of America +HIBS Heavy Ion Beam Spectrometry +HIBT Have I Been Trolled? +HIC Hybrid Integrated Circuit +HIFD High-Density Floppy Disk +HIFO Highest-In, First-Out +HIIPS Hud Integrated Information Processing Services +HIL Human Interface Link +HIPPARCOS HIgh Precision Position and PARallax +HIPPI High Performance Parallel Interface +HIRES HI-RESolution +HIRLAM HIgh-Resolution Limited Area Model +HIROS Hitachi Industrial Realtime Operating System +HIS Honeywell Information System +HISS Hospital Information Support System +HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus +HIV human immunodeficiency virus +HJK Helsingin JalkapalloKlubi +HK Hong Kong +HK Hong Kong +HK Hong Kong-based +HKG Hong Kong +HKI HelsinKI +HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen +HLAN Huge Local Area Network +HLB Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance +HLC Heavy Lift Capability +HLCO High Low Close Open +HLCO High-Low-Close-Open +HLCO high-low-close-open +HLHSR Hidden Line & Hidden Surface Removal +HLL High Level Language +HLL High-Level Language +HLLAPI High Level Language Application Programming Interface +HLLW High Level Liquid Wastes +HLLW High Level Liquid Wastes +HLQ High Level Qualifier +HLR Home Location Register +HLS Hue, Luminance, Saturation +HLS Hue-Lightness-Saturation +HLT Halt +HLV Heavy Lift Vehicle +HLW High Level Wastes +HLW High Level Wastes +HLW high level waste +HLW high level waste +HM Heard And Mc Donald Islands +HM High-resolution Monochrome +HM Homestake Mining +HM Homestake Mining +HMA High Memory Area +HMA Hub Management Architecture +HMC Halley Multicolor Camera +HMD Head Mounted Device +HMD Heard And Mc Donald Islands +HMFIC Head Mother Fucker in Charge +HMM Hidden Markov Model +HMMWV High Mobility Multi-Wheeled Vehicle +HMMWV High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle +HMMWV Highly Mobile Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle +HMO Health Maintenance Organization +HMOS High Density Metal Oxide Semiconductor +HMOS High Speed Metal Oxide Semiconductor +HMOS High performance Metal Oxide Semiconductor +HMP Host Monitoring Protocol +HMS Her Majesty's Ship +HMS His Majesty's Ship +HMS Holonic Manufacturing Systems +HMSO Her Majesty's Stationery Office +HMT Her Majesty's Transport +HMT His Majesty's Transport +HMV His Master's Voice +HN Honduras +HND Honduras +HNG Horny net.geek +HNPA Home Numbering Plan Area +HNS Hospitality Network Service +HOBIC HOtel Billing Information Center +HOBIS HOtel Billing Information System +HOE Holographic Optical Element +HOG Harley Owners Group +HOL High-Order System +HOL Higher-Order Logic +HOLD Honest Open Logical Debate +HOLIDAY Halliburton On-Line Information Discovery and Access sYstem +HOM Hall Of Mirrors +HORNY Heart Of Romantic NY +HOTAS Hands On Throttle And Stick +HOTOL HOrizontal Take-Off and Landing +HOV High Occupancy Vehicle +HOW Home Owners Warranty +HP Hewlett Packard Inc. +HP Hewlett Packard, Inc. +HP Hewlett-Packard +HP Hewlett-Packard +HP High Pressure +HP Higher Power +HP Hit Points +HP HorsePower +HP Hewlett-Packard +HP/A Hewlett-Packard/Apollo +HPCC High Performance Computing and Communications +HPD High Performance Division +HPDJ Hewlett-Packard Desk Jet +HPEL Horn Point Environmental Laboratory +HPFS High-Performance File System +HPFTP High Pressure Fuel Turbopump +HPG Hewlett-Packard Graphics +HPGE High Purity Germanium +HPGL Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language +HPIB Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus +HPL/T High-Productivity Languages/Tools +HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography +HPLJ Hewlett-Packard Laser Jet +HPLT High-Productivity Languages/Tools +HPMC high pressure mini-column +HPMC high pressure mini-column +HPN White Plains NY +HPO High Performance Option +HPOTP High Pressure Oxidizer Turbopump +HPPA HP Precision Architecture +HPPA Hewlett-Packard Precision Architecture +HPPI High Performance Parallel Interface +HPR High Power Rocketry +HPS HiPerformance Systems Limited +HPW High Performance Workstation +HQ HeadQuarters +HR Croatia +HR Hertzsprung-Russell +HR Hierarchical Radiosity +HR House of Representatives +HR Human Resources +HRB H&R Block Inc +HRB H&R Block, Inc +HREM high-resolution electron microscopy +HREM high-resolution electron microscopy +HRG High Resolution Graphics +HRH Her Royal Highness +HRH His Royal Highness +HRI High Resolution Imager +HRIS Human Resource Information System +HRM human-resource-management +HRMS Human Resource Management System +HRV Croatia +HS High School +HS High Speed +HS Home System +HSB Hue, Saturation, Brightness +HSC Hierarchical Storage Controller +HSC High Speed Channel +HSE Helsinki School Of Economics +HSFS High Sierra File System +HSI High Speed Interface +HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator +HSLN High Speed Local Network +HSM Hierarchical Storage Management +HSM Hierarchical Storage Manager +HSP High Speed Photometer +HSP High Speed Printer +HSR Health Services Research +HSSDS High-Speed Switched Digital Service +HSSI High Speed Serial Interface +HST Hawaiian Standard Time +HST High Speed Technology +HST Hubble Space Telescope +HST HyperSonic Transport +HSV Hue Saturation Value +HSV Hue-Saturation-Value +HT Haiti +HT High Tension +HT Horizontal Tab +HTH Hand-to-hand +HTH Hope That Helps +HTH hand-to-hand combat +HTI Haiti +HTK Hits To Kill +HTML HyperText Markup Language +HTSG He, Torrance, Sillion, and Greenberg +HTTL High Transistor-Transistor Logic +HTTL Highspeed Transistor-Transistor Logic +HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol +HTTPD HyperText Transfer Protocol Daemon +HU High Usage +HU Hungary +HUAC House Unamerican Activities Committee +HUD Heads Up Display +HUD Housing and Urban Development +HUD heads-up-display +HUGE Hewlett-packard Unsupported Gnu Emacs +HUN Hungary +HUPD Harvard University Police Department +HUT Helsinki University of Technology +HUT Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope +HUTG High Usage Trunk Group +HV High Voltage +HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning +HVP Horizontal & Vertical Position +HW2000 Highway 2000 +HWCP Hardware Code Page +HWD Hayward CA +HWD Height-Width-Depth +HWM High-Water Mark +HYTIME HYpermedia and TIME-based +HYTIME Hypertext and time-based +HZ HertZ +HiMARS High Mobility Artillery Rocket System +HoTMetaL Interactive editor for HTML files +HyVIS Hypermedia and Visual Information Systems +I Council to Outlaw Contrived and Outrageous Acronyms +I-4 International Information Integrity Institute +I-D Internet-Draft +I.E.P. Industrial Equity ( Pacific ) +I.M. International Monetary +I.N.D. investigational new drug +I/F Interface +I/G individual/group +I/O Input/Output +I/O Input/Output +I/O input-output +I/O input/output +I/S inventory-to-shipments +I18N InternationalizatioN +IA Inspection Authorization +IAB Interactive Application Builder +IAB Internet Activities Board +IAB Internet Architecture Board +IABC International Association of Business Communicators +IABS I Am Being Sarcastic +IAC Interapplication Communication +IACP International Association of Chiefs of Police +IACR Irish Association for Cancer Research +IACT International Association of Counselors and Therapists +IAD Dulles International, Washington DC +IADB Inter-American Development Bank +IADR International Association for Dental Research +IAE In Any event +IAE International Art Exchange +IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency +IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency +IAESTE I Am Exchanging Students To Everywhere +IAESTE International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience +IAFA Internet Anonymous FTP Archives +IAFC International Association of Fire Chiefs +IAFE International Association of Fairs and Exhibitions +IAFP International Association of Financial Planners +IAFP International Association of Financial Planners +IAFP International Association of Financial Planners +IAFP the International Association of Financial Planners +IAGSDC International Association of Gay Square Dance Clubs +IAH Houston TX +IAL International Algebraic Language +IAML International Association of Music Libraries +IAN Innovations and notions incorporated +IAN Innoviations And Notions +IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority +IANAL I Am Not A Lawyer +IANALB I am not a lawyer but +IAPPP International Amateur/Professional Photoelectric Photometry +IAPSO International Association of the Physical Sciences of the Ocean +IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer +IARU International Amateur Radio Union +IASCA International Auto Sound Challenge Association +IAT Import Address Table +IATA International Air Transport Association +IATA International Air Transport Association +IATA the International Air Transport Association +IAU International Astronomical Union +IAUC IAU Circular +IAVQ Image Adaptive Vector Quantization +IB Instruction Buffer +IBC Instrument Bus Computer +IBEW International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers +IBEW International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers +IBI I Believe It +IBIS Interactive Body/mind Information System +IBJ Industrial Bank of Japan +IBM I'd Buy Macintosh +IBM I've Been Moved +IBM Ingrained Batch Mentality +IBM International Business Machines Corp. +IBM International Brotherhood of Magicians +IBM International Business Machines +IBM International Business Machines Inc. +IBM International Business Machines, Inc. +IBM It's better Manually +IBM Itty Bitty Machines +IBM-GL IBM Graphics Language +IBMA International Bluegrass Music Association +IBMM International Bluegrass Music Museum +IBN Integrated Business Network +IBR It's Been Real +IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development +IBRU International Boundaries Research Unit +IBS Institute for Brewing Studies +IBS International Business School +IBSA International Bible Student's Association +IBSA International Bible Students Association +IBT Illinois Bell Telephone +IBT International Brotherhood of Teamsters +IBT International Brotherhood of Teamsters +IBT the International Brotherhood of Teamsters +IC Independent Carrier +IC Input Circuit +IC Integrated Circuit +IC Inter-LATA Carrier +IC Interexchange Carrier +IC Interrupt Controller +IC Ion chromatography +IC Ion chromatography +IC information-center +IC instant-C +IC integrated-circuit +IC Illinois Central +IC Issues Corporate +ICA International Coffee Agreement +ICA Intra-application Communications Area +ICA international coffee agreement +ICADD International Committee for Accessible Document Design +ICALP International Conference on Automata, Languages, and Programming +ICAN Individual Circuit ANalysis +ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization +ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization +ICAO The International Civil Aviation Organization +ICARO Italian Computer Antivirus Research Organization +ICAS Intel Communicating Applications Specifications +ICB Interstate Computer Bank +ICBM InterContinental Ballistic Missile +ICBM InterContinental Ballistic Missle +ICBVI Idaho Commission for the Blind and Visually Impaired +ICBW I Could Be Wrong +ICC Interstate Commerce Commission +ICC Interstate Commerce Commission +ICCC Inter-Client Communication Convention +ICCCM Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual +ICCP Institute for the Certification of Computer Professionals +ICD Interactive Call Distribution +ICD International Code Designator +ICE Illinois Computing Educators +ICE In-Circuit Emulator +ICE Insane Creator's Enterprises +ICE Interactive Collaborative Environment +ICE Internal Combustion Engine +ICE International Cometary Explorer +ICE Intrusion Countermeasures Electronics +ICF inertial confinement fusion +ICF inertial confinement fusion +ICG Information Consulting Group +ICG Information Consulting Group +ICGA International Conference on Genetic Algorithms +ICGC Inventors Connection of Greater Cleveland +ICGC Inventors Connection of Greater Cleveland Inc. +ICI Imperial Chemical Industries +ICI Imperial Chemical Industries +ICJ International Court of Justice +ICL Interface Clear +ICL International Computers Limited +ICL International Computers Ltd. +ICLID Individual Calling Line ID +ICM Integrated Call Management +ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol +ICN intestinal crypt number +ICN intestinal crypt number +ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites +ICON Inter CONtinental +ICP Integrated Channel Processor +ICP Inventory Control Points +ICPMS Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer +ICPSR Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research +ICR Intelligent Character Recognition +ICRC International Cosmic Ray Conference +ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection +ICS International Classification for Standards +ICS Intuitive Command Structure +ICSC Inter-LATA Customer Service Center +ICSI International Computer Science Institute +ICST Institute for Computer Science and Technology +ICT In-Circuit Test +ICT Interactive Consumer Terminal +ICTP International Centre for Theoretical Physics +ICTYBIWCYTF I Could Tell You But I Would Claim You Talked First +ICTYBIWCYTF I Could Tell You But It Would Cause You To Faint +ICTYBTIWHTKY I Could Tell You But Then I Would Have To Kill You +ICUFOR International Committee for UFO Research +ICUMSA International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis +ICWS International CoreWar Society +ID IDentification +ID Idaho +ID Identifier +ID Indonesia +IDA Industrial Development Authority +IDA Integrated Digital Access +IDA Intelligent Disk Array +IDA Intelligent Drive Array +IDA Intercommunication Data Areas +IDA International Dark-sky Association +IDA International Development Association +IDA International Development Association +IDAPI Integrated Database Application Programming Interface +IDC Insulation Displacement Contact +IDDD International Direct Distance Dial +IDDG Intellectually Drop Dead Gorgeous +IDE Imbedded Drive Electronics +IDE Integrated Development Environment +IDE Integrated Drive Electronics +IDE Intelligent Drive Electronics +IDE Interactive Design and Engineering +IDE Interactive Development Environments inc +IDE Interactive Development Environments, inc +IDE Interface Design Enhancement +IDE Interplanetary Dust Experiment +IDEA International Dance Exercise Association +IDEA International Data Encryption Algorithm +IDEA Internet Design, Engineering, and Analysis notes +IDEAS I Don't Ever 'Ave Some +IDEF Integration DEfinition for Function modeling +IDF Intermediate Distributing Frame +IDF Intermediate Distribution Frame +IDF Israel Defense Forces +IDI Information Dimensions Inc +IDI Initial Domain Identifier +IDI Initial Domain Part +IDIC Infinite Diversity in Infinite Combinations +IDIQ Indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quanity +IDIV Integer Divide +IDL Interactive Data Language +IDL Interface Description Language +IDM Image Data Manager +IDMS Integrated Data Base Management System +IDN Indonesia +IDNX Integrated Digital Network eXchange +IDP Initial Domain Part +IDP Integrated Data Processing +IDP Internet Datagram Protocol +IDRC International Development Research Center +IDRC International Development Research Centre +IDRP Inter-Domain Routing Protocol +IDS Interactively Displayed Structures +IDS Internal Directory System +IDS interest on debt securities +IDSA Industrial Designers Society of America +IDT Interrupt Descriptor Table +IDV Interlibrational Derived Vehicle +IDVC Integrated Data/Voice Channel +IE Id Est +IE Indo-European +IE Inter Ethernet +IE Ireland +IEA International Energy Agency +IEC Inter-Exchange Carrier +IEC InterExchange Carrier +IEC International Electrotechnical Commission +IEC International Electrotechnical Commission +IEE Institute of Electrical Engineers +IEE Institution of Electrical Engineers +IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers +IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers +IEF Information Engineering Facility +IEMSI Identification +IEMSI Interactive Electronic Mail Standard +IEMT Intermediate Emergency Medical Technician +IEN Internet Engineering Notes +IEN Internet Experiment Notebook +IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group +IETF Internet Engineering Task Force +IETM Interactive Electronic Technical Manual +IF InterFace +IF Intermediate Frequency +IFA International Franchise Association +IFA International Franchise Association +IFA The International Franchise Association +IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development +IFAR International Foundation for Art Research +IFAR International Foundation for Art Research +IFB Invitation For Bids +IFC International Finance Corp. +IFC International Finance Corporation +IFC International Freighting Corporation +IFC International Finance Corp. +IFC the International Finance Corp. +IFD Image File Directory +IFF Identification - Friend or Foe +IFF Image File Format +IFF Interchange File Format +IFF Iterative Function Fractal +IFG Incoming Fax Gateway +IFI Istituto Finanziario Industriale +IFI Istituto Finanziario Industriale +IFIP International Federation for Information Processing +IFK Idrot Frening Kamraterna +IFK Idrott- och FritidsKlubb +IFLA International Federation of Library Associations +IFLRY International Federation of Liberal and Radical Youth +IFN Interferon +IFO indirect funding of +IFPS International Federation of Palynological Societies +IFR Instrument Flight Rules +IFRB International Frequency Registration Board +IFREMER Institut FRancais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la MER +IFRPS Intercity Facility Relief Planning System +IFS Installable File System +IFSAR Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar +IFV I'm Fully Vested +IGA Integrated Graphics Array +IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme +IGC Institute for Global Communications +IGC Integrated Graphics Controller +IGD Integrated Genomic Database +IGDS Interactive Graphics Design Software +IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification +IGL Index-Guided Laser +IGM InterGalactic Medium +IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol +IGNN I Got No Name +IGP Interior Gateway Protocol +IGR Insect Growth Regulator +IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol +IGY International Geophysical Year +IHK Industrie- und Handelskammer +IHMO In Hy Mumble Opinion +IHOP International House of Pancakes +IHP Indicated HorsePower +IHS Integrated Hospital Support +IHS Iowa Herpetological Society +IHTFP I Hate This Fucking Place +IHTFP I Have Truly Found Paradise +IHTFP I Help Teach Freshman Physics +IHTFP Institute Has The Finest Professors +IHTFP It's Hard To Fondle Penguins +II Industries Inc +IIA Information Industry Association +IIASA International Institute For Applied Systems Analysis +IIBC International Institute of Biological Control +IID Imperial Irrigation District +IID Imperial Irrigation District +IIE Institute of Industrial Engineers +IIED Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress +IIF Immediate IF +IIHF International Ice Hockey Federation +III Innovative Interfaces Inc +IIL Integrated Injection Logic +IIMA Irish Interactive Multimedia Association +IIN Integrated Information Network +IINREN Interagency Interim National Research and Education Network +IIR Immediate Impulse Response +IIR Infinite Impulse Response +IIRC If I Recall Correctly +IIS Internet Interface Systems +IISPB Image and Information Standards Policy Board +IIT Indian Institute of Technology +IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +IK Inverse Kinematics +IKS International Kodaly Society +IL Israel +IL ionization losses +IL ionization losses +ILA International Longshoremen 's Association +ILBM Interleaved bitmap +ILGARD Institute For Local Governmant And Rural Development +ILGWU International Ladies Garment Workers Union +ILL Inter Library Loan +ILMI Interim Local Management Interface +ILO International Labor Organization +ILP Inductive Logic Programming +ILS Instrument Landing System +ILU I Love U +ILV Industrial Launch Vehicle +ILY I Love You +IM Inside Macintosh +IM Installation & Maintenance +IM Interface Module +IMAP Interactive Mail Access Protocol +IMAP3 Interactive Mail Access Protocol - Version 3 +IMAS Integrated Mass Announcement System +IMC Instrument Meteorological Contitions +IMC Internal Model Control +IMCO In My Considered Opinion +IMD Industry Marketing Development +IMDS Image Data Stream +IMDS Image Data Stream format +IMF Institut Merieux of France +IMF International Monetary Fund +IMF International Monetary Fund +IMF the International Monetary Fund +IMG Image +IMHO In My Humble Opinion +IMM Input Message Manual +IMMEX Interactive Multi-Media EXercises +IMMEX Interactive MultiMedia EXercises +IMNHO In My Not Humble Opinion +IMNSHO In My Not-So-Humble Opinion +IMO In My Opinion +IMO International Maritime Organization +IMO International Meteor Organisation +IMP Interface Message Processor +IMPA Intelligent Multi-Port Adapter +IMPACT Inventory Management Program and Control Technique +IMR Internet Monthly Report +IMS Information Management System +IMS Integrated Management System +IMS Intermediate Maintenance Standards +IMS International Measurement System +IMSA Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy +IMSA International Motor Sports Association +IMSL International Mathematical Subroutine Library +IMSO Integrated Micro Systems Operation +IMSVS Information Management System/Virtual Storage +IMT Image Management Terminal +IMT Inter-Machine Trunk +IMTS Improved Mobile Telephone Service +IMTV Interactive Multimedia Television +IMUL Integer Multiply +IMVHAWISHIMVVVHO In My Very Humble +IMVHO In My Very Humble Opinion +IN India +IN Indiana +IN Input +IN Intelligent Network +IN-SITU In Place +INADS INitialization and ADministration System +INC Increment +INC InterNational Carrier +IND India +IND investigational new drug +IND investigational new drug +IND investigational new drug +INET93 International Networking Conference 1993 +INFORMS Institute For Operations Research and Management Science +INGRES Interactive Graphic Retrieval System +INIT Initialize +INL Inter Node Link +INM Integrated Network Management +INMARSAT INternational MARitime SATellite +INMARSAT INternational MARitime SATellite organisation +INMARSAT INternational MARitime SATellite organization +INN Inter Node Network +INOC Internet Network Operations Center +INRA Iesus Nazerenus Rex Iudaeorum +INRECA INduction and REasoning from CAses +INREQ INformation REQuest +INRI Iesus Nazerenus Rex Iudaeorum +INRIA Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique +INS Immigration and Naturalization Service +INS Inertial Navigation System +INS Information Network System +INS Input String +INS U.S. Dept. of Immigration and Naturalizaton +INS is not supported +INSEE Institut National de la Statistique et des etudes economiques +INSTITUTE INSTITUTE's Name Shows That It's Totally Unrelated To EMACS +INT Integer +INT Internal +INT International +INT Interrupt +INTA Interrupt Acknowledge +INTAP INteroperability Technology Association for information Processing +INTEL Integrated Electronics +INTELSAT INternational TELecommunications SATellite consortium +INTERCAL Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym +INTO Interrupt if Overflow occurs +INWATS INward Wide Area Telephone Service +IO British Indian Ocean Territory +IO Input/Output +IO Inward Operator +IOC Input/Output Computer +IOC Input/Output Controller +IOC International Olympic Committee +IOC International Olympics Committee +IOC International Operating Center +IOC intercell ohmic contact +IOC intercell ohmic contact +IOC International Olympic Committee +IOC the International Olympic Committee +IOCC International Overseas Completion Center +IOCCC International obfuscated c code contest +IOCD Institute of Corporate Directors +IOCS Input/Output Control System +IOCTL Input/Output Control +IOD Identified Outward Dialing +IOH Integrated Open Hypermedia +IOLS Integrated Online Library System +IOLS Integrated Online Library Systems +IONL Internal Organization of the Network Layer +IOOF International Order of Odd Fellows +IOP Input-Output Processor +IOPI International Organization for Plant Information +IOPL Input/Output Priviledge Level +IOS Investors Overseas Services +IOS Investors Overseas Services +IOSGA Input/Output Support Gate Array +IOT British Indian Ocean Territory +IOT InterOffice Trunk +IOTA Infrared-Optical Telescope Array +IOTA International Occultation Timing Association +IOU I Owe you +IOU I owe u +IOW In Other Words +IP Industrial Products +IP Information Provider +IP Innings Pitched +IP Instruction Pointer +IP Intermediate Point +IP Internet Protocol +IPC Instructions Per Clock +IPC Integrated Personal Computer +IPC Inter-Process Communication +IPC InterProcess Communication +IPC Inventory Process Control +IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change +IPCE InterProcess Communication Environment +IPCP IP Control Protocol +IPCP Internet Protocol Control Protocol +IPCS Interactive Problem Control System +IPDE Iowa Patrol of Dental Executives +IPDMUG International Product Data Management Users Group +IPDS Intelligent Printer Data Stream +IPDU Internet Protocol Data Unit +IPE Integrated Programming Environment +IPEMS Integrated Production Engineering Management System +IPF Information Presentation Facility +IPF Internal Picket Fence +IPF Internal Picket Fence +IPI Initial Protocol Identifier +IPI Intelligent Peripheral Interface +IPL Information Programming Language +IPL Initial Program Load +IPL Initial Program Loader +IPL Ion Projection Lithography +IPL initial program load +IPL initial program load +IPLAN Integrated PLanning And Analysis +IPM Impulses Per Minute +IPM Interpersonal Message +IPM Interruptions Per Minute +IPMS InterPersonal Message Services +IPNG Internet Protocol, the Next Generation +IPNS Intense Pulsed Neutron Source +IPNS Intense Pulsed Neutron Source +IPO Initial Public Offering +IPO International Procurement Office +IPO initial public offering +IPO initial public offerings +IPO initial public offering +IPPE International Philosophical Preprint Exchange +IPS Inches Per Second +IPS Inertial Pointing System +IPS Information Processing Standards +IPS International Paperweight Society +IPSE Integrated Project Support Environment +IPSE Integrated Project-Support Environment +IPSI Institute for Integrated Publication and Information Systems +IPSP Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential +IPT Williamsport PA +IPTAY I Pay Ten A Year +IPV4 Internet Protocol Version 4 +IPV4 Internet Protocols Version 4 +IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange +IPng Internet Protocol, next generation +IQ Intelligence Quotient +IQ Iraq +IQL Interactive Query Language +IQR Inquiry +IR Index Register +IR Information Resource +IR InfraRed +IR Intermediate Representation +IR Internet Registry +IR Internetwork Router +IR Iran +IRA Individual Retirement Account +IRA Individual Retirement Accounts +IRA Interprocedural Register Allocation +IRA Irish Republican Army +IRA individual retirement account +IRA individual retirement accounts +IRA individual-retirement-account +IRA individual retirement account +IRAF Image Reduction and Analysis Facility +IRAS InfraRed Astronomical Satellite +IRBM Intelligent Repeater Bridge Module +IRBM Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile +IRC International Record Carrier +IRC Internet Relay Chat +IRCAM Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique +IRD Investment Recovery Department +IRDS Information Resource Dictionary System +IRDS InfraRed Detection Set +IRE Institute of Radio Engineers +IRET Interrupt Return +IRF International Road Federation +IRG InterRecord Gap +IRGB Intensity-Red-Green-Blue +IRI Institutio Ricostruzioni Industriali +IRI international relations institute +IRI international relations institute +IRI Institutio Ricostruzioni Industriali +IRIG Inter-Range Instrumentation Group +IRL Inter-Repeater Link +IRL Interactive Reader Language +IRL Ireland +IRLED Infrared Light Emitting Diode +IRM Information Resource Management +IRM Information Resources Management +IRM Intelligent Repeater Module +IRMS Information Resources Management Service +IRN Intermediate Routing Node +IRN Iran +IRNA Islamic Republic News Agency +IRNA Islamic Republic News Agency +IRNA Islamic Republic News Agency +IROR Internal Rate Of Return +IRQ Interrupt Request +IRQ Iraq +IRS Inertial Reference System +IRS Internal Revenue Service +IRS Internal Revenue Service +IRS The Internal Revenue Service +IRSG Internet Research Steering Group +IRTF Internet Research Task Force +IRX Information Retrieval Experiment +IS Iceland +IS Information Separator +IS Information System +IS Information Systems +IS Information-systems +IS Intermediate System +IS International Standard +IS Interrupt Set +IS Interrupt Status +IS information-system +IS information-systems +IS-IS Intermediate System-Intermediate System +IS-IS intermediate-System-to-Intermediate-System +ISA Industry Standard Architecture +ISA Industry-Standard Architecture +ISA Institute for Application-Oriented Software and Systems +ISA Institute for Application-Oriented Software and Systems Technology +ISAM Indexed Sequential Access Method +ISAM Indexed Sequential-Access Management +ISAS Institute of Space and Astronautical Science +ISAT Internal System Acceptance Testing +ISBD International Bibliographic Description +ISBN International Standard Book Number - Gives an uniq identification of every published bookhed book +ISC Information Services Center +ISC Instruction Set Computer +ISC Interactive Systems Corporation +ISC International Signal & Control +ISC International Switching Center +ISC International Signal & Control +ISCH Interstitial-Cell-Stimulating Hormone +ISD Image Section Descriptor +ISD Instructional Systems Design +ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network +ISDN Intergrated Services Digital Nertwork +ISDT Integrated Systems Development Tool +ISEE International Sun Earth Explorer +ISEELS Inner Shell Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy +ISEP International Society for Evolutionary Protistology +ISES International Solar Energy Society +ISF Information Systems Factory +ISFM Institute of Science and Forensic Medicine +ISFUG Integrated Software Federal User Group +ISG IETF Steering Group +ISH Intermediate System Hello +ISI ISI Systems Inc. +ISI Information Sciences Institute +ISI Internally Specified Index +ISIS Integrated Systems and Information Services +ISIS Intermediate System to Intermediate System +ISL Iceland +ISL Interactive System Language +ISLM Integrated Services Line Module +ISLSCP International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project +ISLU Integrated Services Line Unit +ISM InterStellar Medium +ISMA International Securities Market Association +ISMF Interactive Storage Management Facility +ISN Information Systems Network +ISN Integrated Systems Network +ISNA Islamic Society of North America +ISO Imperial Service Order +ISO In Search Of +ISO Infrared Space Observatory +ISO Insurance Services Office +ISO International Standards Organization +ISO Insurance Services Office +ISO the Insurance Services Office +ISO/OSI Interconnection +ISO/OSI International Standards Organization/Open Systems +ISOC Internet Society +ISODE ISO Development Environment +ISOO Information Security Oversight Office +ISOP Incentive Stock Option Plan +ISP Internet Service Provider +ISP Interrupt Stack Pointer +ISP Interrupt Status Port +ISPF Interactive System Programming Facility +ISPG Institute of Sedimentary and Petroleum Geology +ISPM International Solar Polar Mission +ISR Information Storage and Retrieval +ISR Institute of Snow Research +ISR Interrupt Service Routine +ISR Israel +ISRG Independent Space Research Group +ISRO Indian Space Research Organization +ISS Integrated Switching System +ISSA International Space Station Alpha +ISSC Integrated Systems Solutions Corporation +ISSI Information Security Systems Inc. +ISSN Integrated Special Services Network +ISSN International Standard Serial Number +IST Initial System Test +ISTAC International Institute of ISlamic Thought And Civilisation +ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Effeciency Act +ISTR I Seem To Recall or I Seem To Remember +ISUP Integrated Services User Part +ISV Independent Software Vendor +ISV Instantaneous Speed Variation +ISWS Illinois State Water Survey +ISWS Illinois State Water Survey +ISY International Space Year +IT Industrial Technology +IT Information Technology +IT Italy +IT information-technology +ITA Initial Teaching Alphabet +ITA International TeleNursing Association +ITA Italy +ITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations +ITB Information Technology Branch +ITB Intermediate Text Block +ITC Independent Telephone Company +ITC Inter-Task Communication +ITC International Trade Commission +ITC International Typeface Corporation +ITC International Trade Commission +ITCL incr tcl +ITER International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor +ITER International Tokamak Experimental Reactor +ITESM Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey +ITESM Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey +ITEX Interactive TTCN Editor and Executor +ITEX-DE Interactive TTCN Editor and Executor Development Environment +ITF International Taekwondo Federation +ITFS Instructional Television Fixed Service +ITG International Trading Group +ITG International Trading Group +ITIL IT Infrastructure Library +ITIL Information Technology Infrastructure Library +ITM In The Mean-time +ITM Information Technology Management +ITO International Trade Organization +ITO International Trade Organization +ITRON Industrial TRON +ITS Incompatible Timesharing System +ITS Institute of Telecommunication Science +ITS Intelligent Transport Systems +ITSEC Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria +ITSO Incoming Trunk Service Observation +ITT International Telephone and Telegraph +ITT insulin tolerance tests +ITT insulin tolerance tests +ITU International Telecommunication Union +ITU International Telecommunications Union +ITU-T ITU Telecommunications Standardization Sector +ITU-T International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications Standardisation Sector +ITU-T International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunications Standardization Section +ITUG International Telecommunications User Group +ITUSA IT Users Standards Association +ITV Interactive Television +ITX Intermediate Text Block +IU Integer Unit +IUCN World Conservation Union +IUCr International Union of Crystallography +IUD intra-uterine devices +IUD intra-uterine devices +IUE International Ultraviolet Explorer +IUMA Internet Underground Music Archive +IUMS International Union of Microbiological Societies +IUS Inertial Upper Stage +IUV Interlibrational Utility Vehicle +IV InterVarsity +IV&V Independent Verification & Validation +IVA Imposta sul Valore Aggiunto +IVC Inspection Validation Centre +IVC Inspection Validation Centre +IVC Internet VoiceChat +IVCF InterVarsity Christian Fellowship +IVDT Integrated Voice/Data Terminal +IVF in vitro fertilization +IVG Industrieverwaltungsgesellschaft AG +IVHS Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems +IVHS Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems +IVIS Interactive Video Information System +IVP Installation Verification Program +IVR Integrated Voice Response +IVR Interactive Voice Response +IVS Interactive Videodisk System +IVT Interrupt Vector Table +IVTS International Video Teleconferencing Service +IWBNI It Would Be Nice If +IWC Inside Wire Cable +IWIK I Wish I knew +IWR Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur Wissenschaftliches Rechnen +IWS Intelligent Work-Station +IWW International Workers of the World +IX Interactive eXecutive +IXC Inter-eXchange Carrier +IXC IntereXchange Carrier +IXI International pan-European X.25 Infrastructure +IXM IntereXchange Mileage +IYSWIM If You See What I Mean +InterNIC Internet Network Information Center +InterTel International League of Intelligence +Internet Advanced Research Projects Agency Network +IrDA Infrared Data Association +J-PCA Japanese P.C.A +J-PCA Japanese P.C.A +J.C. Jones Capital +J.P. Jones Professional +J.P. joint proposal +J.V joint venture +J.V. joint ventures +JA Jump Address +JA Jump if Above +JA Junior Achievement +JACC Journal of the American College of Cardiology +JACI Just Another CASE Implementation +JACL Japanese American Citizens League +JACM Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery +JAD Joint Application Design +JAE Jump if Above or Equal +JAFO Just Another Fucking Observer +JAI Journal of Artifical Intelligence +JAL Japan Air Lines +JAL Japan Airline +JAL Japan Airlines +JAL Japan Air Lines +JALT Japan Association for Language Teaching +JAM Jamaica +JAM Justified Ancients of Mummu +JAMA Journal of the American Medical Association +JAMOT Just a Matter of Time +JANET Joint Academic Network +JANFU Joint Army-Navy Fuck Up +JASIS Journal of the American Society of Information Science +JAST Joint Advanced Strike Technology +JATO Jet Assist Take Off +JATO Jet-Assisted Take-Off +JBE Jump if Below or Equal +JBIG Joint Bilevel Image Group +JBIG Joint Binary Image Group +JBS John Birch Society +JC Jesus Christ +JC Joint Compound +JC Julius Caesar +JC Jump if Carry set +JC Junior College +JCA Jewelry Crafts Association +JCAC Joint Civil Affairs Committee +JCAE Joint Committee on Atomic Energy +JCAHO Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations +JCAHO Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospital Organizations +JCAHO Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations +JCAHO Joint Committee on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations +JCALS Joint Computer-Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support +JCEE Joint Council on Economic Education +JCET Joint Council on Educational Television +JCL Job Control Language +JCMT James Clark Maxwell Telescope +JCP J.C. PENNEY +JCP J.C. Penney +JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff +JD Justice Department +JDL Jewish Defense League +JDS John Dewey Society +JE Jump if Equal +JECC Japan Electronic Computer Company +JEDEC Joint Electronic Devices Engineering Council +JEEP General Purpose +JEIDA Japan Electronics Inderstry Development Association +JEIDA Japanese Electronics Industry Development Association +JEM Japanese Experiment Module +JES Job Entry System +JES John Ericsson Society +JESSI Joint European Submicron SIlicon +JESUS Job Entry System of the University of Saskatuan +JET Joint European Torus +JFET Junction FET +JFET Junction Field Effect Transistor +JFIF JPEG File Interchange Format +JFK John F. Kennedy +JFK John Fitzgerald Kennedy +JFMIP Joint Financial Management Improvement Program +JFN Job File Number +JFR Just Fucking Relax +JFS Next Generation of JLE +JG Jump if Greater +JGE Jump if Greater or Equal +JGR Journal of Geophysical Research +JI Justice Inc. +JI Justice, Inc. +JIC Joint Industry Council +JIC Joint Intelligence Center +JIC Just in Case +JILA Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics +JIM Job Information Memorandum +JINTACCS Joint INteroperability of TActical Command and Control Systems +JIS Japan Industrial Standards +JISC Japanese Industrial Standards Committee +JISC Joint Information Systems Committee +JIT Just In Time +JIT Just-In-Time +JJ Josephson-Junction +JL Jump if Less +JLE Japanese Language Enveronment +JLE Jump if Less than or Equal to +JM Jamaica +JMH Joint Mission Hardware +JMP Jump +JMS J Michael Straczynski +JMS John Milton Society +JMX Jumbogroup MultipleX +JNA Jump if Not Above +JNAE Jump if Not Above or Equal +JNB Jump if Not Below +JNBE Jump if Not Below or Equal +JNG Jump if Not Greater +JNGE Jump if Not Greater or Equal +JNLE Jump if Not Less or Equal +JNO Jump if No Overflow +JNP Jump if No Parity +JNS Jump if No Sign +JNT Joint Network Team +JNZ Jump if Not Zero +JO Job Order +JO Jordan +JO Junior Officer +JOAT Jack Of All Trades +JOOC Just Out Of Curiosity +JOOTT Just One Of Those Things +JOR Jordan +JOTD Joke Of The Day +JOVE Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs +JOVIAL Jules Own Version of the International Algorithmic Language +JOY Jesus first, Others second, You third +JP Japan +JP Johnson Properties +JPATS Joint Primary Aircraft Training System +JPE Jump if Parity Even +JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group +JPI J.P. Industries +JPJA Journal for Patriotic Justice in America +JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory +JPN Japan +JPO Jump if Parity Odd +JRC Junior Red Cross +JRP Joint Relief Partnership +JRT Jack Russell Terrier +JS Jump if Sign +JSB Japan Satellite Broadcasters Inc. +JSC Johnson Space Center +JSD Jackson System Development +JSFC Johnson Space Flight Center +JSN Junction Switch Number +JSP Jackson Structured Programming +JSP Japan Socialist Party +JSP Japanese Socialist Party +JSP Japan Socialist Party +JSRC Joint Services Review Committee +JST Japan Standard Time +JSW Junctor SWitch +JTAG Joint Test Action Group +JTASC Joint Training, Analysis and Simulation Center +JTIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution Systems +JTM Job Transfer and Manipulation +JUGL JANET User Group for Libraries +JULLS Joint Universal Lessons Learned System database +JUNET Japan UNIX Network +JV Junior Varsity +JVC Japan Victor Corporation +JVC Japanese Victor Company +JVMHHB JVM Helping Hands Bindery +JVNC John von Neumann Super Computer Center +JVNCNET John von Neumann Super Computer Center network +JWCA Joint Warfighter Capability Assessment +JWH John Wesley Harding +JZ Jump if Zero +K Kilo- +K Kilobit +K&R Kernighan and Ritchie +K-12 Kindergarden through twelfth grade +K-12 Kindergarten through 12th grade +K-H Kelsey-Hayes +K12 Kindergarten through 12th grade +K9 canine +KA9Q KA9Q +KA9Q Phil Karn's amateur radio callsign - often refers to his TCP/IP software package +KADS Knowledge Acquisition and Design Support +KAIST Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology +KAO Kuiper Airborne Observatory +KAOS Killing as Organized Sport +KAZ Kazakhstan +KB Key Board +KB Keyboard +KB KiloByte +KB Kilobyte +KBD Keyboard +KBD$ Keyboard +KBPS KiloBits Per Second +KBPS Kilobytes Per Second +KBS Knowledge-Based System +KBT Kerry Blue Terrier +KC Kansas City +KC Kennel Club +KC King's Counsel +KC Knights of Columbus +KCL Kyoto Common Lisp +KCMG Knight Commander of St Michael and St George +KCMG Knight Commander of the Most noble order of the Garter +KCMO Kansas City, Missouri +KD Kiln Dried +KD Knock-Down +KD Knocked Down +KDCI Key Display Call Indicator +KDD Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co. +KDT Key Definition Table +KDT Keyboard Display Terminal +KE Kenya +KEDO Korean Energy Development Organization +KEN Kenya +KERMIT Kl-10 Error-free Reciprocal Micro Interconnect over Tty lines +KET Kentucky Educational Television +KEYBBE Foreign language KEYBoard program - Belgium +KEYBBR Foreign language KEYBoard program - Brazil +KEYBCF Foreign language KEYBoard program - Canadian-French +KEYBCZ Foreign language KEYBoard program - Czechoslovakia +KEYBDF Foreign language KEYBoard program - Denmark +KEYBFR Foreign language KEYBoard program - France +KEYBGR Foreign language KEYBoard program - Germany +KEYBHU Foreign language KEYBoard program - Hungary +KEYBIT Foreign language KEYBoard program - Italy +KEYBLA Foreign language KEYBoard program - Latin America +KEYBNL Foreign language KEYBoard program - Netherlands +KEYBNO Foreign language KEYBoard program - Norway +KEYBPL Foreign language KEYBoard program - Poland +KEYBPO Foreign language KEYBoard program - Portugal +KEYBSF Foreign language KEYBoard program - Swiss-French +KEYBSG Foreign language KEYBoard program - Swiss-German +KEYBSL Foreign language KEYBoard program - Czechoslovakia +KEYBSP Foreign language KEYBoard program - Spain +KEYBSU Foreign language KEYBoard program - Finland +KEYBSV Foreign language KEYBoard program - Sweden +KEYBUK Foreign language KEYBoard program - United Kingdom +KEYBUS Foreign language KEYBoard program - United States +KEYBYU Foreign language KEYBoard program - Yugoslavia +KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken +KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken +KFT KiloFeeT +KG Kyrgyzstan +KGB Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopaznosti +KGD Known Good Die +KGF Kraft General Foods +KGF Kraft General Foods +KGF Kraft and General Foods +KGF the Kraft General Foods +KGRA Known Geothermal Resources Area +KGRA Known Geothermal Resources Area +KGZ Kyrgyzstan +KH Cambodia +KHM Cambodia +KHZ KiloHertZ +KI Kiribati +KI Kiwanis International +KIA Killed In Action +KIAS Knot Indicated Air Speed +KIF Key Index File +KIP Kinetics IP +KIPS Kawasaki Integrated Power-valve System +KIR Kiribati +KISS Keep it simple, stupid +KITT Knight Industrial TwoThousand +KITT Knight Industries Two Thousand +KK Kern of KK +KK a Kern of KK +KKK Ku Klux Klan +KKR Kohlberg Kravis Roberts +KKR Kohlberg Kravis Roberts +KLF Kings of the Low Frequency +KLF Kopyright Liberation Front +KLIPS thousands of Logical Inferences Per Second +KLM Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij +KLM Koninklijke Luchvaart Maatschapij +KLOC thousands of Lines Of Code +KM Comoros +KM Kilometers +KMA Kiss My Ass +KMBA Kiss My Black Ass +KMFA Kiss My Fat Ass +KMFA Kiss My Filthy Ass +KMFA Kiss My Fucking Ass +KMFDM Kein Mitleid fur die Mehrheit +KMFDM Kill Mother Fucking Depeche Mode +KMHA Kiss My Hairy Ass +KMP Knuth-Morris-Pratt +KMWA Kiss My White Ass +KN Saint Kitts And Nevis +KNA Saint Kitts And Nevis +KO Knock Out +KOR Korea, Republic Of +KOTL Keeper Of The List +KOWC Key Word Out of Context +KP Key Pulse +KP Kitchen Police +KP Korea, Democratic People'S Republic Of +KPH Kilometers Per Hour +KPI Kernal Programming Interface +KPNO Kitt Peak National Observatory +KPO KeyPunch Operator +KQC King's College London +KQML Knowledge Query and Manipulation +KR Kernighan and Ritchie, the c programming language +KR Korea, Republic Of +KRC Kutak , Rock & Campbell +KRS Knowledge Retrieval System +KS King's Scholar +KSC Kennedy Space Center +KSF Key Success Factor +KSH Korn SHell +KSPH Keystrokes Per Hour +KSR Keyboard Send Receive +KSR Keyboard Send-Receive +KSU Kansas State University +KSU Kent State University +KSU Key System Unit +KSZE Konferenz fur Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa +KTB Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary +KTS Key Telephone System +KTU Key Telephone Unit +KUB Katholieke Universiteit Brabant +KUCA Kyoto University Critical Assembly +KUCA Kyoto University Critical Assembly +KUKRYNIKSY Kuprijanov, Michail V. + Krylov, Porfirij N. + Sokolov, Nikolaj A. +KUL Katholieke Universiteit Leuven +KW Kuwait +KWIC Key Word In Context +KWIC KeyWord In Context +KWT Kuwait +KY Cayman Islands +KY Kentucky +KZ Kazakhstan +Kbit Kilobit +L&N Lomas & Nettleton +L.A Los Angeles +L.A. Landor Associates +L.A. Lipper Analytical +L.A. Los Angeles +L.P Limited Partnership +L.P. Limited Partnership +L.P. Line Partners +L.P. Lintas a Procter +L.P. limited partner +L.P. limited partnership +L1 35,000 Miles above moon +L1 Lagrange Point #1 +L2 40,000 Miles behind moon +L2 Lagrange Point #2 +L3 35,000 Miles below moon +L3 Lagrange Point #3 +L4 240,000 mile Earth orbit +L4 Lagrange Point #4 +L5 240,000 mile Earth orbit +L5 Lagrange Point #5 +LA Lao People'S Democratic Republic +LA Library Association +LA Los Angeles +LA Louisiana +LA Low Altitude +LA Learning AIDS +LAA League Against Acronymns +LAA Library Association of Australia +LAAS Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture +LAB Labor +LAC Loop Assignment Center +LACIG Library Association Cataloguing and Indexing Group +LADAR LAser Detection And Ranging +LADDR Layered Device Driver Architecture +LADM local average density model +LADM local average density model +LADT Local Access Data Transport +LADWP Los Angeles Department of Water and Power +LADWP Los Angeles Department of Water and Power +LAIS Local Automatic Intercept System +LAL Local Analog Loopback +LALL Longest Allowed Lobe Length +LALR Look-Ahead Left-to-right scan, Rightmost derivation +LAM Local Area Multicomputer +LAM Master of Liberal Arts +LAMA Local Automatic Message Accounting +LAMPS Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System +LAN Local Apparent Noon +LAN Local Area Network +LAN local-area-network +LAN local-area-network- +LANA Ligand Assisted Nucleophilic Additions +LANA Ligand Assisted Nucleophilic Additions +LANCE Local Area Network Controller for Ethernet +LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory +LANTIRN Low Altitude Navigational Targeting InfRaRed for Night +LAO Lao People'S Democratic Republic +LAP Link Access Procedure +LAPB Link Access Procedure - Balanced +LAPD Link Access Procedure Direct +LAPD Link Access Procedure on the D channel +LAPD Los Angeles Police Department +LAPM Link Access Procedure for Modems +LAR Load Access Rights +LAR Local Acquisition Radar +LARC Langley Research Center +LARGE Looming And Really Gigantic Entity +LARP Local Approval Review Program +LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation +LASS Local Area Signaling Service +LASSY Lagerverwaltungs- und StoffinformationsSYstem +LASTport Local Area Storage Transport +LAT Local Apparent Time +LAT Local Area Transport +LATA Local Access Transport Area +LATIS Loop Activity Tracking Information System +LAVC Local Area VAX Cluster +LAWN Local Area Wireless Network +LAX Los Angeles International Airport +LB Lebanon +LB Left Button +LB Light Bomber +LB libra +LB pound +LBFP Log-Burning FirePlace +LBHS Long Beach High School +LBL Label +LBL Lawrence Berkeley Labs +LBM Lithium Blanket Module +LBM Lithium Blanket Module +LBN Lebanon +LBO Line Buildout +LBO leveraged buy-outs +LBR Liberia +LBR Librarian +LBS Load Balance System +LBS Pounds +LBT Listen Before Talk +LBY Libyan Arab Jamahiriya +LC Library of Congress +LC Lower Case +LC Saint Lucia +LC inductor-Capacitor circuit +LC lumped constant +LC lumped constant +LCA Life-Cycle Assessment +LCA Logic Cell Array +LCA Saint Lucia +LCAMOS Loop CAble Maintenance Operation System +LCAO Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals +LCC Laboratory of Computer Chemistry +LCC Leadless Chip Carrier +LCCIS Local Common Channel Interoffice Signaling +LCCL Line Card CabLe +LCCLN Line Card Cable Narrative +LCD Liquid Crystal Display +LCD Lowest Common Denominator +LCD liquid-crystal-display +LCDN Last Called Directory Number +LCDR Lieutenant Commander +LCI Landing Craft, Infantry +LCIE Lightguide Cable Interconnection Equipment +LCK Library Construction Kit +LCL Lunar Cargo Lander +LCLOC Line Card LOCation +LCM Least Common Multiple +LCM Life Cycle Management +LCMS Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod +LCN Logical Channel Numbers +LCP Link Control Protocol +LCR Least Cost Routing +LCRI Library of Congress Rule Interpretations +LCRMKR Line Card ReMarKs, Retained +LCS Laboratory for Computer Science +LCSE Line Card Service and Equipment +LCSEN Line Card Service and Equipment Narrative +LCSH Library of Congress Subject Headings +LCT Landing Craft Tanks +LCT Landing Craft, Tank +LCT Large Coil Task +LCT Large Coil Task +LCT Last Compliance Time +LCT Last Conformance Time +LCTF Large Coil Test Facility +LCTF Large Coil Test Facility +LCU Last Cluster Used +LCVL Landing Craft, Vehicle, Large +LD Long Distance +LDA Logical Device Address +LDC Linguistic Data Consortium +LDC Liquid Crystal Display +LDC Logical Device Coordinates +LDC London Dumping Convention +LDC London Dumping Convention +LDC Long Distance Carrier +LDC Lotus Development Corporation +LDC less-developed countries +LDC less-developed-country +LDC lesser developed countries +LDC less-developed-country +LDEF Long Duration Exposure Facility +LDF Large Deployable Reflector +LDL Local Digital Loopback +LDL Low Density Lipoprotein +LDM Legacy Data Management +LDM Long Distance Modem +LDMTS Long Distance Message Telecommunications Service +LDP Laboratory Data Products +LDP Liberal Democratic Party +LDP Liberal Democratic Party +LDP the Liberal Democratic Party +LDR Long-Distance Romance +LDS Logical Data Structure +LDS The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints +LDT Local Descriptor Table +LDX Long Distance eXtender +LE Lance Ethernet +LE Less or Equal +LEA Load Effective Address +LEA Local Education Authority +LEAF Laser Environmental Airborne Fluorosensor +LEAP Low-power Enhanced At Portable +LEAS LATA Equal Access System +LEC Local Exchange Carrier +LED Light Emitting Diode +LED Light-Emitting Diode +LED light-emitting-diode +LEGO Low End Graphics Option +LEM Language Extension Module +LEM Lunar Excursion Module +LEN Low Entry Networking +LENCL Line Equipment Number CLass +LEO Low Earth Orbit +LEO low earth orbit +LEO low earth orbit +LEP Large Electron-Positron collider +LERC Lewis Research Center +LES Language Engineering Services +LES Large Eddy Simulation +LEST Large Earth-based Solar Telescope +LEX Lexicon +LF Line Feed Character +LF Line Finder +LF Low Frequency +LFACS Loop Facilties Assignment And Control System +LFI Last File Indicator +LFP Lisp and Functional Programming +LFS Loopback File System +LFS laser fluorescent spectroscopy +LFS laser fluorescent spectroscopy +LFSA List of Frequently Seen Acronyms +LFSR Linear Feedback Shift Register +LFU Least Frequently Used +LGA LaGuardia International Airport +LGA Low Gain Antenna +LGB Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual +LGB Long Beach +LGBO Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual and any others we've missed +LGBO* Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual and any others we've missed +LGDT Load Global Descriptor Table +LGM Little Green Men +LGQ Life's Great Questions +LGSOWG Landsat Ground Station Operators' Working Group +LH Left Hand +LH Liquid Hydrogen +LH Lower Half +LH Luteinizing Hormone +LHC Large Hadron Collider +LHD Litterarum Humaniorum Doctor +LHS Left Hand Side +LI Liechtenstein +LI Long Island +LIA linear induction accelerator +LIA linear induction accelerator +LIACS Limbaugh Institute for Advanced Conservative Studies +LICS Lotus International Character Set +LIDAR LIght Detection And Ranging +LIDB Line Information DataBase +LIDT Load Interrupt Descriptor Table +LIE Liechtenstein +LIEP Large Internet Exchange Packet +LIF Low Insertion Force +LIFE long-instruction-format-engine +LIFIA Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale et d'Intelligence Artificielle +LIFO Last In First Out +LIFO Last In, First Out +LII Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School +LILO Last In, Last Out +LIM Lotus-Intel-Microsoft +LIM Lotus-Intel-Microsoft +LIM Lotus/Intel/Microsoft +LIM Lotus/Intel/Microsoft +LIMA Lotus/Intel/Microsoft/AST +LIMM Lotus Intel Microsoft Memory +LIMS Laboratory Information Management System +LIMS Library Information Management System +LINC Laboratory INstrument Computer +LIPN Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord +LIPS Logical Inferences Per Second +LIS Logical IP Subnetwork +LISA Large Installation Systems Administration +LISP LISt Processing Language +LIST List-Oriented Interactive Language +LISWA Library and Information Service of Western Australia +LITHP Link Type description language for HyperText Processing +LIU Line Interface Unit +LIVE-NET London Interactive Video Educational Network +LJBF Let's Just Be Friends +LJH L.J. Hooker +LK Sri Lanka +LKA Sri Lanka +LKW LastKraftWagen +LL Late Latin +LL Long Lines +LLAD Low Level Air Defense +LLAMA Logic Lacking A Meaningful Acronym +LLB Legum Baccalaureus +LLC Logical Link Control +LLCLINK Layer Control Protocol +LLD Legum doctor +LLDT Load Local Descriptor Table +LLN Line Link Network +LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory +LLO Low Lunar Orbit +LLOX Lunar Liquid Oxygen +LLP Line Link Pulsing +LLWA Low Level Wind Shear Alert +LM Lan Manager +LM Life Master +LM Lunar Module +LM/X LAN Manager for Unix +LMAA Look Ma, Another Acronym +LMBCS Lotus Multibyte Character Set +LMC Large Magellanic Cloud +LME Layer Management Entity +LME London Metal Exchange +LME London Metal Exchange +LME the London Metal Exchange +LMF License Management Facility +LMFBR Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactors +LMFBR Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactors +LMI Local Management Interface +LMK Let Me Know +LMMS Local Message Metering System +LMOS Line Maintenance Operations System +LMSW Load Machine Status Word +LMU Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitat +LMXRB Low Mass X-Ray Binary +LN Logarithm +LN2 Liquid N2 +LNDI Lotus Notes:Document Imaging +LNER London and North-Eastern Railway +LNG Liquified Natural Gas +LO Lake Oswego +LO Leverage Out +LOA Lands of Adventure +LOA Leave Of Absence +LOA List Of Acronyms +LOB Line Of Building +LOC Lines Of Code +LOC Local Operating Company +LOC Loop On-Line Control +LOCAP LOw CAPacitance +LOCIS Library of Congress Information System +LODSB Load String Byte +LOE Level Of Effort +LOF Lock OFf-line +LOFT Launch Operations Flight Test +LOG Logarithm +LOI Letter Of Intent +LOL Little Old Lady +LOMBARD Lots Of Money But A Real Dork +LON Lock ON-line +LOOPE Loop while Equal +LOOPNE Loop while Not Equal +LOOPNZ Loop while Not Zero +LOOPS Lisp Object Oriented Programming System +LOOPZ Loop while Zero +LOP Lines Of Position +LORAN Long RANge Navigation +LORE Line Oriented Editor +LORIA Little Orange Rotter In Asia +LOS Line Of Sight +LOS Los Angeles +LOS Loss Of Signal +LOSF Lunar Orbit Staging Facility +LOTF Lord Of The Flies +LOTOS Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification +LOTOS Language of Temporal Order Specification +LOTS Low Overhead Timesharing System +LOX Liquid Oxygen +LP Linear Programming +LP Long Play +LP Long playing +LP Long playing record +LP Low Pressure +LPA Link Pack Area +LPA Lower order Path Adaptation +LPC Linear Predictive Coding +LPC Local Procedure Call +LPCDF Low Profile Combined Distributing Frame +LPD Line Printer Daemon +LPDA Link Problem Determination Aid +LPF League for Programming Freedom +LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas +LPG Liquified Petroleum Gas +LPG Low Pressure Gas +LPI Lines Per Inch +LPL Lotus Programming Language +LPL Louisiana Power & Light +LPL Lunar Personnel Lander +LPL Louisiana Power & Light +LPM Lines Per Minute +LPN Licensed Practical Nurse +LPN Logical Page Number +LPP Licensed Program Products +LPR Line PrinteR +LPS Low-Power Schottky +LPT Line Printer +LPT Lunar Propellant Tanker 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License Services Application Program Interface +LSAR Logistic Support Analysis Record +LSB Least Significant Bit +LSB Least Significant Byte +LSB Lower Side Band +LSC Least Significant Character +LSC Lecture Series Committee +LSC Legal Services Corp. +LSC Legal Services Corporation +LSC LightSpeed C +LSC Left-Wing Services Corp +LSC Legal Services Corp. +LSC the Legal Services Corp. +LSD Least Significant Digit +LSD LySergic acid Diethylamide +LSD pounds, shillings, and pence +LSI Large Scale Integration +LSI Litigation Sciences Inc. +LSI large-scale-integration +LSL Load Segment Limit +LSL Logical Shift Left +LSMFT Lucky Strike Means Fine Tobaccos +LSO Lesotho +LSP LightSpeed Pascal +LSP Link State Packet +LSR Local Standard of Rest +LSR Logical Shift Right +LSRP Local Switching Replacement Planning system +LSS Life Support System +LSS Loop Switching System +LSSD Level-Sensitive Scan Detection +LST Landing Ship, Tank +LST List +LSV Line Status Verifier +LT Lithuania +LT Long Ton +LT Low Tension +LTA Lighter Than Air +LTAB Line Test Access Bus +LTC Lieutenant Colonel +LTC Local Test Cabinet +LTCB Long Term Credit Bank +LTCC Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic +LTCL Licentiate of the Trinity College of music London +LTD Local Test Desk +LTF Lightwave Terminating Frame +LTF Line Trunk Frame +LTG Line Trunk Group +LTI Linear Time Invariant +LTJG Lieutenant Junior Grade +LTL Less than Truckload Lot +LTP Lunar Transient Phenomenon +LTPD Lot Tolerance Percent Deffective +LTR Left-To-Right +LTR Letter +LTR Load Task Register +LTS Loss Test Set +LTSG Laser-Triggered Spark-Gap +LTU Lithuania +LTV Loan To Value +LTVR LTV Ratio +LTX Left Teradyne at Xmas +LU Logical Unit +LU Luxembourg +LU6.2 Logical Unit 6.2 +LUA Logical Unit Application +LUA Logical unit application interface +LUG Local Users Group +LUI Local User Input +LUI Lousy User Interface +LULU Locally Unwanted Land Uses +LUMO Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital +LUN Logical Unit Number +LUT Look-Up Table +LUT Lookup Table +LUT Loughborough University of Technology +LUX Luxembourg +LV Latvia +LVA Latvia +LVDT Linear Variable Differential Tranformer +LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer +LWDPS Louisiana Water Discharge Permit System +LWM Low-Water Mark +LWP Light Weight Process +LWR Lutheran World Relief +LWR light water reactor +LWR light water reactor +LWR light-water-reactor +LWR light-water-reactor +LWSP Linear White-SPace +LWT Last Will and Testament +LWT London Weekend Television +LXE Lightguide eXpress Entry +LY Libyan Arab Jamahiriya +LZ Landing Zone +LZ Lazy Write +LZW Lempel-Ziv-Walsh +LZW Lempel-Ziv-Walsh +LZW Lempel-Ziv-Welch +LaBRI Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique +LaTeX Leslie LAmport's TeX extensions +Linux Linus Torvald's UNIX +M Miniatures +M meter +M meters +M&A merger and acquisition +M&A mergers and acquisitions +M-K Mon-Khmer +M.A. Mayer Amschel +M.D.C. managing director in charge +M0 macrophages +M0 macrophages +MA Maintenance Administrator +MA Massachusetts +MA Morocco +MAAP Maintenance And Administration Panel +MAASU Midwest Asian American Student Union +MAB Man And the Biosphere +MAC Macau +MAC Management Advisory Committee +MAC Management Advisory Committee +MAC Management Appeals Committee +MAC Mandatory Access Control +MAC Media Access Control +MAC Medium Access Control +MAC Military Air Command +MAC Money Access Center +MAC Move, Add, Change +MAC Multiple Analogue Component +MAC Management Appeals Committee +MAC the Management Appeals Committee +MACBS Multi-Access Cable Billing System +MACH Multilayer Actuator Head +MACHO Massive Compact Halo Object +MACSYMA project MAC's SYmbolic MAnipulation System +MACTCP MACintosh Transmission Control Protocol +MAD Mass Air Delivery +MAD Michigan Algorithm Decoder +MAD Mutual Assured Destruction +MADCAP Mosaic Array Data Compression And Projection +MADD Mothers Against Drunk Driving +MADD Mothers Against Drunk Driving +MADN Multiple Access Directory Numbers +MAF Marine Abkuerzungs Fimmel +MAF multiple-add-fused +MAFIA Morte Alla Francia Italia Anela +MAG Magazine +MALS Master of Arts in Liberal Studies +MALT Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue +MAN Manual +MAN Metropolitan Area Network +MANCI Hungarian and International Articles in Library Science +MANCI MAgyar es Nemzetkozi Cikkek +MANOVA Multivariate ANalysis of VAriance +MANTEC Manchester Training & Enterprise Council +MAO Mono-amine Oxidase +MAOS2UG Mid-Atlantic OS/2 User Group +MAP Maintenance Analysis Procedures +MAP Maintenance and Administration Position +MAP Management Assesment Program +MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol +MAP Marketing Activity Profile +MAP Marketing Assistance Program +MAP Memory Allocation Map +MAP/TOP Manufacturing Automation Protocol/Technical Office Protocol +MAPI Mail/Messaging Applications Programming Interface +MAPICS Manufacturing, Accounting and Production Information Control System +MAPPU Mersey Academic Pharmacy Practice Unit +MAPSS Maintenance & Analysis Plan for Special Services +MAPTOP Manufacturing Automation Protocol/Technical Office Protocol +MAR Microprogram Address Register +MAR Morocco +MARBI MAchine Readable form of Bibliographic Information +MARC MAchine Readable card Catalog +MARC Market Analysis of Revenue and Customers system +MARINE Muscles Are Required, Intelligence Not Expected +MARINE My Ass Rides In Naval Equipment +MARN Manitoba Association of Registered Nurses +MARS Mirror Advanced Reactor Study +MARS Mirror Advanced Reactor Study +MARS Multiuser Archival and Retrieval System +MARVIN Mobile Autonomous Robot with VIdeobased Navigation +MAS MAin Store +MAS Mass Announcement System +MASB MAS Bus +MASC MAS Controller +MASC Multiple Award Schedule Contract +MASER Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation +MASH Mobile Army Surgical Hospital +MASINT Measurement and Signature Intelligence +MASK Multimodal Automated Service Kiosk +MASM MAS Memory +MASM Macro Assembler +MASS Maximum Availability and Support Subsystem +MASSCOMP Massachusetts Computer Company +MAST Multi-Application SOnar Trainer +MAT Main Anlage Trust +MAT Multimedia Applications in Telecooperation +MAT Main Anlage Trust +MAT-CALS Marine Air Traffic-Control And Landing System +MATFAP Metropolitan Area Transmission Facility Analysys Program +MATILDA Multimedia Authoring Through Intelligent Linking and Directed Assistance +MATZ Military Air Traffic Zone +MAU Math Acceleration Unit +MAU Media Access Unit +MAU Medium Attachment Unit +MAU Multiple Access Unit +MAU Multistation Access Unit +MAVDM Multiple Application VDM +MAX Maximum +MAXI Modular Architecture for the Exchange of Information +MB MacroBlock +MB Manned Base +MB MegaByte +MB Middle Button +MBA Management Business Analyst +MBA Master Business Administration +MBASIC Microsoft BASIC +MBB Messerschmidt Boelkow Blohm +MBB Messerschmitt-Boelkow Blohm +MBB Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm +MBB Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H. +MBB Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm +MBE Mitsubishi Bank Europe +MBE Molecular Beam Epitaxy +MBE Mitsubishi Bank Europe +MBGA Metal Ball Grid Array +MBIA Municipal Bond Investors Assurance +MBIA Municipal Bond Investors Assurance +MBLC Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners +MBNA Maryland Bank North America +MBNA Maryland Bank of North America +MBO Management By Objectives +MBONE Make Broth Or Never Eat +MBONE Multicast BackBone of Internet +MBONE Multimedia Backbone +MBP Market-By-Price +MBPS MegaBits Per Second +MBPS Megabytes Per Second +MBR Master Boot Record +MBS Mutual Broadcasting System +MBTA Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority +MBWA Management By Walking Around +MBX Mailbox +MC Management Committee +MC Master of Ceremonies +MC Material Control +MC Miami Correctional +MC Monaco +MC mast cells +MC mast cells +MC Miami Correctional +MC Mr. Castro +MC the Miami Correctional +MC&G Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy +MC88200 memory chips +MCA Mechanical Computer Aided Design +MCA Micro Channel Architecture +MCA movies about cutsie animals +MCAD Mechanical Computer Aided Design +MCAE Mechanical Computer Aided Engineering +MCAT Medical College Admission Test +MCAT Medical College Admissions Test +MCB Memory Control Block +MCC Master Control Console +MCC Microelectronics & Computer Consortia +MCC Mission Control Center +MCCS Mechanized Calling Card Service +MCCTSSA Marine Corps Tactical Systems Support Activity +MCDN Marine Corps Data Network +MCGA Multicolor Graphics Array +MCH Maintenance CHannel +MCHB Maintenance CHannel Buffer +MCI Media Control Interface +MCI Microwave Communications Incorporated +MCIAS Multi-Channel Intelligent Announcement System +MCIAS Multi-Channel Intercept Announcement System +MCL Maximum Contaminant Level +MCL Microsoft Compatibility Labs +MCN Metropolitan Campus Network +MCNC Microelectronics Center of North Carolina +MCO Medical College of Ohio +MCO Monaco +MCP Macmillan Computer Publishing +MCP Master Control Program +MCP Multi Channel Plate +MCP Multiport Communication Processor +MCP Multiprotocol Communication Processor +MCP/AS Master Control Program/Advanced System +MCPA Midwest College Placement Association +MCPAS Master Control Program/Advanced System +MCPO Master Chief Petty Officer +MCR Memory ContRoller +MCS Material Control System +MCS Meeting Communications Service +MCS Multiple Chemical Sensitivities +MCSV Mars Crew Sortie Vehicle +MCTD Mean Cell Transfer Delay +MCTRAP Mechanized Customer Trouble Report Analysis Plan +MCU Microprocessor Control Unit +MCU Multi-Chip Unit +MCV Midland Cogeneration Venture +MCV Midland Cogeneration Venture +MD Doctor of Medicine +MD Make Directory +MD Management Domain +MD Maryland +MD Medical Doctor +MD Monochrome Display +MD Months after Date +MD Republic Of Moldova +MD11 McDonnell Douglas +MDA Monochrome Display Adapter +MDA Republic Of Moldova +MDACS Modular Digital Access Control System +MDAS Magnetic Drum Auxiliary Sender +MDBS Microcomputer DataBase System +MDC Marker Distributor Control +MDC Meridian Digital Centrex +MDC Metropolitan District Commision +MDC Monklands District Council +MDDS Media Documentation Distribution Set +MDE Modular Design Environment +MDEC MAINDEC maintenance on DEC diagnostic paper tapes +MDF Main Distribution Frame +MDG Madagascar +MDI Medium Dependent Interface +MDI Multiple Document Interface +MDIC Manchester Decoder and Interface Chip +MDK Multimedia Developers Kit +MDL Method Definition Language +MDL MicroStation Development Language +MDL Mission Design Life +MDMA 3,4 Methylene-dioxy-N-methylamphetamine +MDMA MethyleneDioxyMethAmphetamine +MDQS Multi-Device Queueing System +MDR Minimum Design Requirement +MDRE Mass Driver Reaction Engine +MDS Multi-point Distribution Service +MDT Mean Down Time +MDU Marker Decoder Unit +MDV Maldives +MDW Military District of Washington +MDX Modular Digital eXchange +MDY Month Day Year +ME Maine +ME Mechanical Engineer +ME Myalgic Encephalomyelitis +MEA Minimum Enroute Altitude +MEB Memory Expansion Board +MEC Mobile Equipment Console +MECO Main Engine CutOff +MED Master of EDucation +MEDEA MEasurements Description Evaluation and Analysis tool +MEG Megabyte +MEGO Mine Eyes Glaze Over +MELANIE Medical ELectrophoresis ANalysis Interactive Expert +MELD Mechanized Engineering and Layout for Distributing frames +MELODY Management Environment for Large Open Distributed sYstems +MEMC Memory Controller +MEMCO Miller Electric Manufacturing COmpany +MEMO Minnestoa Educational Media Organization +MEMS micro-electromechanical systems +MENACE Matchbox E Noughts And Crosses Engine +MENC Music Educators National Conference +MENCAP Royal Society for Mentally Handicapped Children and Adults +MENSA International organization for geniuses +MERIE Magnetically Enhanced Reactive Ion Etch +MERP Middle-Earth Role Playing +MERS Most Economic Route Selection +MESFET MEtal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor +MESI Modified Exclusive Shared and Invalid +MET Mid European Time +MET Multibutton Electronic Telephone +METU Middle East Technical University +MEV Million Electron Volts +MEX Mexico +MF Medium Frequency +MF Middle French +MF Multi-Frequency +MFA Master Fine Arts +MFA Multilateral Fiber Arrangement +MFA Museum of Fine Arts +MFA Multilateral Fiber Arrangement +MFA the Multilateral Fiber Arrangement +MFB Monochrome Frame Buffer +MFENET Magnetic Fusion Energy NETwork +MFFS Microsoft Flash File System +MFG Manufacturing +MFJ Modification of Final Judgement +MFJ Modified Final Judgment +MFLOPS Million FLoating-point OPerations per Second +MFM Modified Frequency Modulation +MFP Multifunction Peripheral +MFR Multi-Frequency Receivers +MFS Macintosh File System +MFS Magnetic Tape Field Search +MFS Modified Filing System +MFT Metallic Facility Terminal +MFT Multiprogramming with a Fixed number of Tasks +MG Machine Gun +MG Madagascar +MG Major General +MG MasterGroup +MG Military Government +MG Mike Glenn +MG Mr. Glenn +MGA Monochrome Graphics Adapter +MGE Modular GIS Environment +MGH Massachusetts General Hospital +MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica +MGM Metro-Goldwyn Mayer +MGM Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer +MGM Mr. Guber and Mr. +MGM an Mr. Guber and Mr. +MGR Manager +MGSE Mechanical Ground Support Equipment +MGT MasterGroup Translator +MH Marshall Islands +MHD MagnetoHydroDynamics +MHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia Expert Group +MHL Marshall Islands +MHL Microprocessor Host Loader +MHPCC Maui High Performance Computing Center +MHS Message Handling System +MHz MegaHertZ +MI Michigan +MI Military Intelligence +MI Mode Indicator +MI mitotic index +MI mitotic index +MIA Missing In Action +MIAC Meteorites and Impacts Advisory Comittee +MIB Management Information Base +MICAP Multinational Investigations Cooperative on Aerial Phenomenon +MICE Modular Integrated Communications Environment +MICE Multimedia Integrated Conferencing for Europe +MICR Magnetic Ink Character Recognition +MICS Macro Interpretive Commands +MICU Medical Intensive Care Unit +MICU Mobile Intensive Care Unit +MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface +MIDS Miniature Intrusion Detection System +MIF Maker Interchange Format +MIF Management Information Format +MIFASS Marine Integrated Fire And Support System +MII Microsoft/IBM/Intel +MIL Machine Interface Layer +MIL Military +MILD Maybe I Love Dogs +MILNET MILitary NETwork +MILSTD MILitary StandarD +MIM Media Interface Module +MIM Metal-Insulator-Metal +MIM Morality In Media +MIMD Multiple Instruction Multiple Data Stream +MIMD Multiple Instruction Multiple Data Stream processor +MIMD Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data +MIME MIME +MIME Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions +MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions +MIN Minimum +MIN Mobile Identification Number +MINCE MINCE Is Not Complete Emacs +MINE MINE Is Not Emacs +MINOS Minos Introspects Nurturing Outer Speculations +MINX Multimedia Information Network eXchange +MIP Mortgage Insurance Premium +MIP Multum In Parvo +MIPS Microprocessor without Interlocked Piped Stages +MIPS Million Instructions Per Second +MIPS Million of Instructions Per Second +MIPS million instructions per second +MIR Micro-Instruction Register +MIR Peace +MIRA Motor Industry Research Agency +MIRO The Michigan Institute of Radiaion Oncology +MIRS Management Information Retrival System +MIRV Multiple Independently-Targetable Reentry Vehicle +MIS Management Information System +MISC Miscellaneous +MISCF MISCellaneous Frame +MISR Multi Input Signature Register +MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology +MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology +MIT the Massachusetts Institute of Technology +MITGSP Massachusetts Institute of Technology Gilbert and Sullivan Players +MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry +MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry +MITI a Ministry of International Trade and Industry +MITS Microcomputer Interactive Test System +MIX Member Information Exchange +MJ Modular Jack +MJ12 Majestic 12 +MKDIR Make Directory +MKS Meters Kilograms Seconds +MKTG Marketing +ML Machine Language +ML Mali +ML Middle Latin +ML milliliter +ML milliliters +MLA Medical Library Association +MLA Member of Legislative Assembly +MLA Modern Language Association +MLA Music Library Association +MLC MiniLine Card +MLCD Multi-Line Call Detail +MLD Minimum Lethal Dose +MLD Martha L. Dinerstein +MLEM Multi Language Environment +MLI Mali +MLIN Massachusetts Library and Information Network +MLL Mars Logistics Lander +MLO Material, Labor, Overhead - Inventoriable Cost / Full Cost +MLRS Multiple Launch Rocket System +MLRS Mutiple Luanch Rocket System +MLS Master of Library Science +MLS Microwave Landing System +MLS Multi-Level Security +MLS MultiLevel Security +MLS Multiple Listing Service +MLT Malta +MLT Mechanized Loop Testing +MLV Medium Lift Vehicle +MM Maryknoll Missioners +MM Minutes +MM Month +MM Myanmar +MM millimeters +MMA Manitoba Medical Association +MMA Microcomputer Managers Association +MMC MIDI Machine Control +MMC Matched Memory Cycle +MMC Microcomputer Marketing Council +MMC Minicomputer Maintenance Center +MMC Mitsubishi Motors Corp. +MMC Money Market Certificate +MMC Mitsubishi Motors Corp. +MMCF Multi-Media Communications Forum +MMDF Multi-channel Memo Distribution Facility +MMES Martin Marietta Energy Systems +MMFS Manufacturing Message Format Standard +MMGT MultiMasterGroup Translator +MMH MonoMethyl Hydrazine +MMI Major Market Index +MMI Major Markets Index +MMI market 's major index +MMI Major Market Index +MMI the Major Market Index +MMIS Materials Manager Information System +MMJ Modified Modular Jack +MMM see 3M +MMMMMM Marvin the Maniac Martian's Magical Matching Machine +MMOC Minicomputer Maintenance Operations Center +MMP Modified Modular Plug +MMPI Minnesota Multi-Phasic Personality Inventory +MMPI Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory +MMPI Multiphasic Minnessota Personnality Index +MMPM Multi Media Presentation Manager +MMR Myanmar +MMS Main Memory Status +MMS Manufacturing Message Specification +MMS Memory Management System +MMS measure -- manufacturing strength +MMT Multiple Mirror Telescope +MMU Manned Maneuvering Unit +MMU Memory Management Unit +MMW Multi-Mega Watt +MMX Mastergroup MultipleX +MN Minnesota +MN Mongolia +MNA Member of National Assembly +MNB Maryland National Bank +MNB Maryland National Bank +MNCPPC Maryland National Capital Park and Planning Comission +MNCS Minnesota New Country School +MNDO Modified Neglect of Diatomic Overlap +MNG Mongolia +MNOS Metal Nitride Oxide Semiconductor +MNOS Metal-Nitride-Oxide Semiconductor +MNP Microcom Networking Protocol +MNP Northern Mariana Islands +MNRAS Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society +MNU Manitoba Nurses' Union +MO Macau +MO Magneto-Optical +MO Magneto-Optical +MO Magneto-Optical disk drive +MO Mail Order +MO Medical Officer +MO Missouri +MO Modus Operandi +MO Money Order +MO magneto-Optical +MO magneto-optical +MOA Military Operations Area +MOBY Marine optical buoy +MOC Mars Observer Camera +MOCA Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude +MOCVD Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition +MOCVD Metello Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition +MOD Magneto-Optical Disk +MOD Mesio Occlusal Distal +MOD Ministry of Defence +MOD Modem +MOD Modulus +MODEM MOdulator-DEModulator +MODEM MOdulator/DEModulator +MODEM Modulator Demodulator +MODOS Modular Distributed Operating System +MOE Ministry of Environment +MOFW Men Of Few Words +MOG Minicomputer Operations Group +MOHLL Machine Oriented High Level Language +MOL Manned Orbiting Laboratory +MOLA Mars Observer Laser Altimeter +MOMA Museum of Modern Art +MOMV Manned Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle +MONY Mutual Of New York +MOO MUD, Object-Oriented +MOOSE Method for Object-Oriented Software Engineering +MOP Maintenance Operations Protocol +MOR Middle-Of-the-Road +MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor +MOS Model Output Statistics +MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor +MOSIS MOS Implementation Server +MOSIS MOS Implementation System +MOSIS Microprocessor Operating System Interface Specification +MOSIS metal oxide semiconductor Implementation System +MOSPF Multicast OSPF +MOST Metal Oxide Semicondutor Transistor +MOTAS Member Of The Appropriate Sex +MOTD Message Of The Day +MOTIS Member Of The Inappropriate Sex +MOTIS Message-Oriented Text Interchange System +MOTMCS Member of the Most Convenient Sex +MOTOS Member of the Opposite Sex +MOTSS Member of the Same Sex +MOTSTJHTBHWIGH Member Of The Sex That Just Happened To Be Here When I Got Horny +MOTV Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle +MOU Memorandum Of Understanding +MOUSE Minimum Orbital Unmanned Satellite of Earth +MOV Metal Oxide Varistor +MOV Move +MOVES Men Overcoming Violence Effectively Services +MOVPE Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy +MOVS Move String +MOZ Mozambique +MP Manifold Pressure +MP Melting Point +MP Member of Parliament +MP Metal Particle +MP Metropolitan Police +MP Micro Processor +MP Military Police +MP Mixed Projection +MP Modular Plug +MP Multi-processor +MP MultiProcessing +MP MultiProcessor +MP Multiple Processors +MP Northern Mariana Islands +MP military policeman +MPC Minor Planets Circular +MPC Multimedia Personal Computer +MPC Multiprocess Communications +MPCC Microprocessor Common Control +MPCH Main Parallel CHannel +MPCS Mission Planning and Control Station +MPD Metropolitan Police Department +MPD Metropolitan Police Department +MPD Multiple Personality Disorder +MPD Metropolitan Police Department +MPD the Metropolitan Police Department +MPDU Message Protocol Data Unit +MPE Mission to Planet Earth +MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group +MPEG Moving Pictures Expert Group +MPEG2 Motion Picture Expert Group 2 +MPEG2 Motion Pictures Experts Group 2 +MPFI Multiple Port Fuel Injection +MPG Miles Per Gallon +MPH Miles Per Hour +MPI Master Pictures Incorporated +MPI Master Pictures Incorporated +MPI Message Passing Interface +MPI Micro Programs Inc +MPI Multimedia & Photo-Imaging +MPI Master Pictures Incorporated +MPIC mobile phase ion chromatography +MPIC mobile phase ion chromatography +MPIF Multiprocessor Interface +MPO Manufacturer's Point of Origin +MPOW Multiple Purpose Operator Workstation +MPP Massively Parallel Processing +MPP Member of Provincial Parliament +MPP Message Posting Protocol +MPP Message Processing Program +MPP MicroProcessor Pascal +MPPD Multi-Purpose Peripheral Device +MPR Mars Pressurized Rover +MPR Multipart Repeater +MPS Master Production Schedule +MPS Megabytes Per Second +MPT Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications +MPT MultiPort Transceiver +MPU MicroProcessor Unit +MPV Mars Piloted Vehicle +MPW Macintosh Programmer's Workshop +MPX Multiplex +MQ Martinique +MR Mauritania +MR Miniatures Rules +MR Minimal Reality +MR Modem Ready +MR Multiple Risk +MR Multiple Risk +MR the Multiple Risk +MRAC Modell Reference Adaptive Control +MRC Materials Research Corp +MRC Materials Research Corp. +MRC Materials Research Corp. +MRCF Microsoft Realtime Compression Format +MRCI Microsoft Realtime Compression Interface +MRD Marketing Requirements Document +MRE Meals Ready to Eat +MRF Maintenance Reset Function +MRFL Mandatory File and Record Locking +MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging +MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging +MRI magnetic resonance imaging +MRI magnetic resonance imaging +MRO Multi-Region Operation +MRP Manufacturing Requirements Planning +MRP Manufacturing Resource Planning +MRP Material Resource Planning +MRP Materials Requirement Planning +MRPL Main Ring Path Length +MRS Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy +MRS Material Reject Stock +MRS Material Requirements Schedule +MRS Materials Research Society +MRSA Methicillin Resistant Staphlococcus aureus +MRSH Member of the Royal Society of Health +MRSR Mars Rover and Sample Return +MRSRM Mars Rover and Sample Return Mission +MRT Mauritania +MRT Mean Repair Time +MRTS Modification Request Tracking System +MRU Most Recently Used +MS Maintenance State +MS ManuScript +MS Master of Science +MS Memory System +MS Message Store +MS Microsecond +MS Microsoft Corporation +MS Military Science +MS MilliSecond +MS Montserrat +MS Most Significant Byte +MS Motor Ship +MS Multiple Sclerosis +MS-DOS MicroSoft DOS +MS-DOS Microsoft - Disk Operating System +MSACM Mircrosoft Audio Compression Manager +MSAP Major Shared Resource Center Advisory Panel +MSAV Microsoft Anti Virus +MSB Most Significant Bit +MSC Maui Supercomputer Center +MSC Media Stimulated Calling +MSC MicroSoft C +MSCDEX MicroSoft CD-rom EXtensions +MSCDEX Microsoft CD Extensions +MSCP Mass Storage Control Protocol +MSD Mass Storage Device +MSD Most Significant Digit +MSDOS MicroSoft DOS +MSDR Multiplexed Streaming Data Request +MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet +MSDS Microsoft Developer Support +MSE Mobile Subscriber Equipment +MSFC George C. Marshall Space Flight Center +MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center +MSFR Minimum Security Functionality Requirements +MSG Message +MSG MonoSodium Glutamate +MSH Marvel Super Heroes +MSHA Mine Saftey and Health Administration +MSI Medium Scale Integration +MSL Map Specification Library +MSL Mean Sea Level +MSL Motor Simulation Laboratory +MSN Manufacturing Sequence Number +MSO Manufacturers Statement of Ownership +MSO MultiMedia Services Operator +MSP Mass Storage Pedestal +MSP market stabilization price +MSP market stabilization price +MSPCA Massachussetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals +MSPE Mercenaries, Spies & Private Eyes +MSR Montserrat +MSR Multitrack Serpentine Recording +MSRP Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price +MSS Management Support System +MSS ManuScriptS +MSS Mass Storage System +MSS Maximum Segment Size +MSS Mormon Scripture Seminar +MST Mountain Standard Time +MST3K Mystery Science Theater 3000 +MST3K Mystery Science Theater Three Thousand +MST3K Mystery Science Theatre 3000 +MSTS Multiple Streamer Telemetry System +MSU Michigan State University +MSU Michigan State University +MSW Machine Status Word +MSX Midcourse Space Experiment +MT Machine Translation +MT Malta +MT Material Transfer +MT Metric Ton +MT Mountain Time +MTA Mail Transfer Agent +MTA Message Transfer Architecture +MTA Metropolitan Transportation Authority +MTA Multiple Terminal Access +MTBB Mean Time Between Breakdowns +MTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ethylene +MTBF Mean Time Before Failure +MTBF Mean Time Between Failures +MTBF mean-time-between-failure +MTBF mean-time-between-failures +MTBJ Mean Time Between Jams +MTBRP Mean-Time-Between-Parts-Replacement +MTC Man Tended Capability +MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime +MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime +MTCR the Missile Technology Control Regime +MTD Month To Date +MTDC Modified Total Direct Costs +MTF Master Test Frame +MTF Microsoft Tape Format +MTF Modulation Transfer Function +MTF modulation transfer function +MTF modulation transfer function +MTI Multi-Terminal Interface +MTIA Many Thanks In Advance +MTM Mary Tyler Moore +MTM Method Time Measurements +MTM Mary Tyler Moore +MTM The Mary Tyler Moore +MTN Message Transport Network +MTP Message Transfer Part +MTQ Martinique +MTR Magnetic Tape Recording +MTR Mechanized Time Reporting +MTRON Macro TRON +MTS Member of Technical Staff +MTS Message Telecommunications Service +MTS Message Telephone Service +MTS Message Transfer Service +MTS Message Transfer System +MTS Mobile Telephone Service +MTS Multichannel Television Sound +MTSO Mobile Telephone Switching Office +MTTF Mean Time To Failure +MTTFF Mean Time To First Failure +MTTI Mean Time To Interrupt +MTTR Mean Time To Repair +MTTR Mean Time Trouble Repair +MTU Maintenance Termination Unit +MTU Maximum Transfer Unit +MTU Maximum Transmission Unit +MTU Media Tech Unit +MTU Motoren & Turbinen-Union +MTU Motoren & Turbinen-Union +MTV Modem To Voice +MTV Music TeleVision +MTX Mobile Telephone eXchange +MU Mauritius +MU Message Unit +MU Multiple Unit +MUA Mail User Agent +MUC Message Understanding Competition +MUC Message Understanding Conference +MUCK Multi-User CK +MUD Multi-User Dungeon +MUD MultiUser Demesne +MUD MultiUser Dimension +MUD MultiUser Domain +MUF Maximum Usable Frequency +MUFF Multi User File Format +MUFON The Mutual UFO Network +MUI Magic User Interface +MUL Multiply +MULDEM MULtiplexer-DEMultiplexer +MULTICS MULTiplexed Information and Computing Service +MUMBLE Multiple User Multicast Basic Language Exchange +MUMPS Massachusetts general hospital Utility MultiProgramming System +MUMPS Multi-Programming System +MUNG Mung Until No Good +MUS Mauritius +MUSE Multi-User Shared Environment +MUSH Mail Users' SHell +MUSH Multi-User Shared Hallucination +MUSH Multi-User sh +MUSH Multi-user Shell +MUSI Multi User Shared Illusion +MUSIC MUltiple SIgnal Classification +MUX MUltipleXor +MUX Multiplexer +MV Maldives +MV MicroVAX +MVA Market Value Adjustment +MVA MegaVolt Ampere +MVB Multimedia Viewer Book +MVC Model-View-Controller +MVC Model/View/Controller +MVC Multimedia Viewer Compiler +MVDM Multiple Virtual DOS Machines +MVGA Monochrome Video Graphics Array +MVIP Multi Vendor Independent Protocol +MVIP Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol +MVP Multiline Variety Package +MVS Multiple Virtual Storage +MVS Multiple Virtual Storage +MVSESA Multiple Virtual Storage/Enterprise System Architecture +MVSSP Multiple Virtual Storage / System Product +MVSXA Multiple Virtual Storage / Extended Architecture +MVT Multiprogramming with a Variable number of Tasks +MVY Martha's Vineyard +MW Malawi +MW MicroWave +MW MiddleWare +MW MultiWink +MWAA Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority +MWC Municipal Waste Combustor +MWI Malawi +MWM Motif Window Manager +MX Mail Exchanger +MX Mail eXchange +MX Mexico +MX Missile eXperimental +MXU MultipleXer Unit +MY Malaysia +MYOBB Mind Your Own Bloody Business +MYS Malaysia +MZ Mozambique +MnSCU Minnesota State Colleges and Universities +N North +N Notice +N.A Northwest Airlines +N.A. National Amusements +N.C North Carolina +N.C. National Cancer +N.C. National Corp. +N.C. Nielsen Co +N.C. Nobel Committee +N.C. North Carolina +N.H New Hampshire +N.H. New Hampshire +N.J New Jersey +N.J. New Jersey +N.M New Mexico +N.M Northrop Memorial +N.M. New Mexico +N.Y New York +N.Y New Yorker +N.Y. New York +N/I Non-Interlaced +NA Namibia +NA Narcotics Anonymous +NA Next Address +NA North America +NA Not Applicable +NAACOG Nurses' Association of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists +NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People +NAAFA National Association for the Acceptance of Fat Americans +NAAFA National Association for the Advancement of Fat Acceptance +NAAS North American Automated Systems co. +NAATI National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters +NAB National Association of Broadcasters +NABISCO NAtional BIScuit COmpany +NABR National Association for Biomedical Research +NAC Network Administration Center +NACA National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics +NACADA National Academic Advising Association +NACCIRN North American Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Netw +NACD National Association of Computer Dealers +NACHA National Automated Clearing House Association +NACS National Advisory Committee on Semiconductors +NACUBO National Association of College and University Business Officers +NACURH National Association of College and University Residence Halls +NAD Network Access Device +NADGE NATO Air Defense Ground Environment +NADP National Atmospheric Deposition Program +NADP National Atmospheric Deposition Program +NAE Not Above or Equal +NAEBM National Association of Engine and Boat Manufacturers +NAED National Association of Electrical Distributors +NAFA National Association To Aid Fat Americans +NAFO Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization +NAFTA National American Free Trade Agreement +NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement +NAFTA North Atlantic Free Trade Area +NAFTA North Atlantic Free Trade Area +NAFTA North Atlantic Free Trade Area +NAFTA a North Atlantic Free Trade Area +NAG Network Advisers' Group +NAG Network Architecture Group +NAG Numerical Algorithms Group +NAGE National Association of Government Employees +NAHB National Association of Home Builders +NAHB National Association of Home Builders +NAHB National Association of Home Builders +NAHB the National Association of Home Builders +NAHJ National Association of Hispanic Journalists +NAIRO National Association of Intergroup Relations Officials +NAIRO National Association of Intergroup Relations Officials +NAK Negative AcKnowledge +NAK Negative AcKnowledgement +NAK Negative Acknowledgment +NALC National Association of Letter Carriers +NALU National Association of Life Underwriters +NALU National Association of Life Underwriters +NALU the National Association of Life Underwriters +NAM Name and Address Module +NAM Namibia +NAM National Account Manager +NAM National Association of Manufacturers +NAM Number Assignment Module +NAM National Association of Manufacturers +NAM the National Association of Manufacturers +NAMAC National Alliance for Media Arts and Culture +NAMBLA North American Man Boy Love Association +NAMES Names And Monikers Exist Sometimes +NAMI Mational Alliance for the Mentally Ill +NAMM North American Music Merchants +NAMSA NAto Maintenance and Supply Agency +NAND Inverted And Gate +NAND Not-AND gate +NANP North American Numbering Plan +NAP National Awareness Partners +NAPAP National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program +NAPLPS North American Presentation Level Protocol Syntax +NAR National Association of Realtors +NAR Nuclear Acoustic Resonance +NAR Nucleic Acids Research +NAR National Association of Realtors +NAR the National Association of Realtors +NARA National Archives and Records Administration +NARAL National Abortion Rights Action League +NARAS National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences +NARDAC NAvy Regional Data Automation Center +NAREB National Association of Real Estate Boards +NAREB National Association of Real Estate Boards +NARF Native American Rights Foundation +NARSTO North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone +NAS National Academy of Sciences +NAS National Advanced Systems +NAS National Aerospace Standards +NAS National Aircraft Standards +NAS National Audubon Society +NAS Network Acronym Server +NAS Network Application Support +NAS Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation +NAS Numerical and Atmospheric Sciences network +NAS National Advanced Systems +NASA National Aeronautic and Space Administration +NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration +NASA Need Another Seven Astronauts +NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration +NASA the National Aeronautics and Space Administration +NASAA North American Securities Administrators Association +NASAA North American Securities Administrators Association +NASAA the North American Securities Administrators Association +NASAGSFC National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center +NASCAR National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing +NASD National Association of Securities Dealers +NASD National Association of Securities Dealers +NASD National Association of Securities Dealers +NASD The National Association of Securities Dealers +NASDA NAtional Space Development Agency +NASDA National Space Development Agency +NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations +NASDAQ National Association of Security Dealers Automated Quotations +NASI NetWare Asynchronous Services Interface +NASIG North American Serials Interest Group +NASIRC NASA Automated Systems Incident Response Capability +NASM National Air and Space Museum +NASP National AeroSpace Plane +NASTRAN NAsa STRuctural ANalysis +NATCA National Air Traffic Controllers Association +NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation +NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization +NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization +NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization +NATO the North Atlantic Treaty Organization +NAU Network Addressable Unit +NAVAIR Naval Air Systems Command +NAVAIR Naval Aviation Systems +NAVAIR US Navy Naval Air Systems Command +NAVDAC NAVal Data Automation Command +NAVSEA Naval Sea Systems Command +NAVSEA U.S.Navy Naval Sea Systems Command in Arlington, Virginia +NAVSEA US Navy Naval Sea Systems Command +NAVSTAR NAVigational Satellite Timing +NAVSWC NAVal Surface Warfare Center +NAVSWC NAVal Surface Weapons Center +NAWC Naval Air Warfare Center +NB New Brunswick +NB Nota Bene +NBA National Basketball Association +NBC National Broadcasting Co. +NBC National Broadcasting Company +NBC News and Business Channel +NBE Not Below or Equal +NBFM NarrowBand Frequency Modulation +NBI Nothing But Initials +NBIA National Business Incubation Association +NBO Network Build Out +NBO Network Business Opportunity +NBP Name Binding Protocol +NBS National Bureau of Standards +NBSP Non-Breaking SPace +NBVM Narrow Band Voice Modulation +NC National Carbon +NC Network Control +NC New Caledonia +NC No Carry +NC No Charge +NC No Connection +NC North Carolina +NC Numerical Control +NCA Network Communications Adapter +NCA Network Control Analysis +NCAA National College Athletic Association +NCAA National Collegiate Athletic Association +NCAA National Collegiate College Association +NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research +NCB Nordic Copyright Bureau +NCBI National Center for Biological Information +NCBI National Coalition Building Institute +NCC National Computer Conference +NCC Network Control Center +NCCE Northwest Council for Computer Education +NCCF Network Communications Control Facility +NCCOSC Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Center +NCD National Computing Devices +NCD Network Computing Devices +NCDC National Climatic Data Center +NCE New Catholic Edition +NCEMT National Center for Excellence in Metalworking Technology +NCES National Center for Education Statistics +NCET National Council for Educational Technology +NCF National Capital FreeNet +NCFR National Council on Family Relations +NCGA National Computer Graphics Association +NCHEMS National Center for Higher Education Management Systems +NCI National Cancer Institute +NCI National Cancer Institute +NCI The National Cancer Institute +NCI the National Cancer Institute +NCIC National Cartographic Information Center +NCIC National Crime Information Center +NCL New Caledonia +NCMET National Center for Excellence in Metalworking Technology +NCMOS N-Channel CMOS +NCMS National Center for Manufacturing Sciences +NCMT Numerical Control for Machine Tools +NCNB North Carolina National Bank +NCO Non-Commissioned Officer +NCOIC Non-Commissioned Officer In Charge +NCOLR National Council on Orientalist Library Resources +NCP NetWare Core Protocol +NCP Network Control Point +NCP Network Control Program +NCP Network Control Protocol +NCP Not Copy Protected +NCR National Cash Register +NCRA National Court Reporting Association +NCREL North Central Regional Educational Laboratory +NCRP National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements +NCS National Communications Systems +NCS National Computer Systems +NCS National Cryptologic School +NCS Network Computing System +NCSA National Center for Supercomputing Applications +NCSA National Computer Security Association +NCSC National Computer Security Center +NCSI Network Communications Services Interface +NCSL National Computer Systems Laboratory +NCTA National Capital Transportation Agency +NCTC National Collections of Type Cultures +NCTE Network Channel-Terminating Equipment +NCTL National Computer and Telecommunications Laboratory +NCTR National Center for Toxicological Research +NCV No Commercial Value +ND Network Disk +ND No Date +ND North Dakota +NDA Non-Disclosure Agreement +NDB Non-Directional Beacon +NDCC Network Data Collection Center +NDDL Neutral Data Definition Language +NDE News Development Environment +NDE non-destructive examination +NDE non-destructive examination +NDEA National Defense Education Act +NDEF Not to be Defined +NDI Network Design & Installation +NDI Non-Developmental Item +NDIS National Document & Information Service +NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification +NDL Logical Network Disk +NDL Network Database Language +NDP New Democratic Party +NDP Numeric Data Processor +NDPD North Dakota Police Department +NDRO Non-Destructive Read Out +NDS NetWare Directory Service +NDS Netware Directory Services +NDSL National Direct Student Loan +NDT Newfoundland Daylight Time +NDT Non Destructive Testing +NDT Non-Destructive Testing +NDT Non-Destructive Testing +NDT nil ductility temperature +NDT nil ductility temperature +NDV NASP Derived Vehicle +NE New England +NE Niger +NE Non Exempt +NE North East +NEA National Education Association +NEA National Endowment for the Arts +NEA Nuclear Energy Agency +NEA Nuclear Energy Agency +NEAR National Electronic Accounting and Reporting system +NEARNET New England Academic and Research network +NEB New English Bible +NEBS New Equipment-Building System +NEC National Electric Conference +NEC Nippon Electric Company +NED NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database +NED National Endowment for Democracy +NEFS Network extensible File System +NEG National Environmental Group +NEG Negate +NEG Negative +NEG National Environmental Group +NEI Not Elsewhere Included +NEIG Nuclear Electricity Information Group +NEIG Nuclear Electricity Information Group +NEIS Near East & Indian Section +NEJM New England Journal of Medicine +NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association +NEMP Nuclear ElectroMagnetic Pulse +NEOUCOM NorthEast Ohio Universities College of Medicine +NER Niger +NERC National Environment Research Council +NERC Natural Environment Research Council +NERSC National Energy Research Supercomputer Center +NES National Energy Strategy +NES Not Elsewhere Specified +NESAC National Electronic Switching Assistance Center +NESB New England Savings Bank +NESC National Energy Software Center +NESDB National Economic and Social Development Board +NESS Network of European Shipbuilding Students +NET NETwork +NET National Educational Television +NET Network +NET New England Telephone +NETBLT NETwork Block Transfer +NETCDF NETwork Common Data Format +NEWS NetWare Early Warning System +NEWS Network extensible Window System +NEWS Networked extensible Windowing System +NEWT NeWS Terminal +NEXAFS Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure +NEXRAD NEXt generation weather RADar +NEXRAD Next generation weather radar being deployed in the US +NEXT Near-End Crosstalk +NEXT Near-End cross-Talk +NEXXVS Chilean Network +NF No Funds +NF Norfolk Island +NFA National Futures Association +NFA National Futures Association +NFA the National Futures Association +NFC National Football Conference +NFF Neutral File Format +NFF No Fault Found +NFFE National Federation of Federal Employees +NFG No Fucking Good +NFIB National Federation of Independent Business +NFIB National Federation of Independent Businesses +NFIB National Federation of Independent Business +NFIB the National Federation of Independent Business +NFK Norfolk Island +NFL National Football League +NFPA National Fire Protection Association +NFR Not For Resuscitation +NFR Not a Functional Requirement +NFS Network File System +NFS Number Field Sieve +NFT Network File Transfer +NFW No Fucking way +NG National Guard +NG Nigeria +NG No Good +NGA Nigeria +NGC New General Catalog +NGDC National Geophysical Data Center +NGE Not Greater or Equal +NGM Nested Grid Model +NH New Hampshire +NHC National Hurricane Center +NHES National Household Education Survey +NHI National Health Insurance +NHI Nelson Holdings International +NHI Nelson Holdings International +NHIC National Health Information Center +NHL National Hockey League +NHL National Hockey League +NHL the National Hockey League +NHLBI National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute +NHLPA National Hockey League Players' Association +NHR Non Hierarchial Routing +NHRA National Hot Rod Association +NHS National Health Service +NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration +NHTSA National Highway Transportation Safety Administration +NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration +NHTSA the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration +NI Network Interface +NI Nicaragua +NIAID National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases +NIAM Natural language Information Analysis Method +NIB Not in budget +NIC Network Information Center +NIC Network Interface Card +NIC Nicaragua +NIC Numeric Intensive Computing +NICA National Independent Concessionaire's Association +NICAD Nickel Cadmium +NICAM Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplexing +NICAP The National Investigation Council of Aerial Phenomena +NICE Network Information and Control Exchange +NICMOS Near Infrared Camera / Multi Object Spectrometer +NICUFO National Investigations Committee on UFOs +NID New Interactive Display +NID Next ID +NIFOC Naked in front of computer +NIH National Institutes of Health +NIH Not Invented Here +NIH National Institutes of Health +NIH the National Institutes of Health +NIHCL National Institute of Health C Libraries +NII Nuclear Installations Inspectorate +NII Nuclear Installations Inspectorate +NIIT National Information Infrastructure Testbed +NIKHEF Niederlaendisches Institut fuer Kernphysik uns Hochenergie Physik +NIM New Inside Macintosh +NIM Nuclear Instrumentation Module +NIMBY Not In My Back Yard +NIMH National Institute of Mental Health +NIMH Nickel-Metal Hydride +NIMS Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer +NIMS Non-Invasive Monitoring Systems +NIN Nine Inch Nails +NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health +NIPDE National Initiative for Product Data Exchange +NIPS Network I/Os Per Second +NIR Near InfraRed +NIR Network Information Registry +NIR Networked Information Retrieval +NIS Network Information System +NIS Newly Independent States +NISC Network Information and Support Center +NISEEast NCCOSC in-service engineering division, east coast +NISEWest NCCOSC in-service engineering division, west coast +NISO National Information Standards Organization +NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology +NITC National Information Technology Center +NITF Not In This Factory +NIU Network Interface Unit +NIU Niue +NJ New Jersey +NJ NJ in Jersey +NJB New Jersey Bell +NJE Network Job Entry +NJFO Now Just Fuck Off +NJLGC New Jersey Lesbian and Gay Coalition +NKOTB New Kids On The Block +NKS Network Knowledge Server +NL National League +NL Netherlands +NL New Line +NLA National Library of Australia +NLC National Library of China +NLD National League for Democracy +NLD Netherlands +NLDP National Launch Development Program +NLE Not Less or Equal +NLF National Liberation Front +NLGI National Lubrication Grease Institute +NLM National Library of Medicine +NLM NetWare Loadable Module +NLP Natural Language Processing +NLP Neuro Linguistic Programming +NLPID Network Layer Protocol Identifier +NLQ Near Letter Quality +NLQ near-letter-quality +NLRB National Labor Relations Board +NLRI Network Layer Reachability Information +NLS National Language Support +NLS Native Language Support +NLS Network License Server +NLSP NetWare Link State Protocol +NLSP Novell Link State Protocol +NM Nautical Mile +NM Network Module +NM New Mexico +NM Night Message +NM No Mark +NM Not Marked +NMA Newfoundland Medical Association +NMBLA National Man/Boy Love Association +NMC National Meteorological Center +NMC Network Management Center +NME National Medical Enterprises +NME National Medical Enterprises +NMEA National Marine Electronic Association +NMEA National Marine Electronics Association +NMEA National Maritime Electronics Association +NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service +NMI New Model Introduction +NMI No Middle Initial +NMI Non Maskable Interrupt +NMI Non-Maskable Interrupt +NMIMT New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology +NMM NetWare Management Map +NMNH National Museum of Natural History +NMO No mutta oh-hoh +NMOS N channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor +NMOS Negative Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor +NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance +NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance +NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance +NMRA National Model Railroad Association +NMRC National Microelectronics Research Centre +NMS National Market System +NMS National Market System +NMS Network Management System +NMS Network Monitoring Station +NMS National Market System +NMSQT National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test +NMT New Mexico Tech +NMT Nordisk Mobil Telefon +NN neural-network +NNC N-nitroso compounds +NNC N-nitroso compounds +NNE North North East +NNI Network Node Interface +NNN Nuke the No Nukes +NNTP Net News Transfer Protocol +NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol +NNTR No Need To Reply +NNW North North West +NNX Network Numbering eXchange +NO Norway +NOA NSWC Office Automation +NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration +NOAE No Observed Adverse Effect +NOAEL No Observed Adverse Effect Level +NOAH National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation +NOAH Network Of Animal Health +NOAO National Optical Astronomical Observatories +NOAO National Optical Astronomy Observatories +NOC Network Operations Center +NOCD Not Our Class Dear +NOCS Network Operations Center System +NODES Network Operation and Design Engineering System +NOE Nap Of the Earth +NOE Nuclear Overhauser effect +NOE Nuclear Overhauser effect +NOESY Nuclear Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY +NOP No OPeration +NOR Norway +NOR Not Or +NORAD NORth American Defense Command +NORAD NORth american Aerospace Defense command +NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation, Oslo +NORDO No-radio +NORGEN Network Operations Report GENerator +NORM Naturally Occuring Radioactive Material +NORML National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws +NORPLANT NORgestrol imPLANT +NORWICH kNickers Off Ready for When I Come Home +NOS Network Operating System +NOS Not Otherwise Specified +NOSC Naval Ocean Systems Center +NOSC Network Operations and Sevice Centre +NOTAR NO TAil Rotor +NOTIS Network Operator Trouble Information System +NOW National Organization for Women +NOW National Organization of Women +NOW Negotiable Order for Withdrawal +NOX Nitrogen Oxides +NOYFB None Of Your Fucking Business +NP National Pizza +NP Nepal +NP No Protest +NP Nondeterministic-Polynomial +NP Notary Public +NP Noun Phrase +NP Nurse Practitioner +NP National Pizza +NP a National Pizza +NPA Network Printer Alliance +NPA Network Programmers Association +NPA No Power Alarm +NPA Numbering Plan Area +NPC Non-Player Character +NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System +NPDU Network Protocol Data Units +NPE NonylPhenolEthoxylates +NPG New Power Generation +NPG New Product Group +NPI Network Printer Interface +NPI New Product Introduction +NPL National Physical Laboratory +NPL National Physical Laboratory +NPL Nepal +NPL Non-Procedural Language +NPL Nonprocedural Language +NPN Negative-Positive-Negative +NPN NonProtein Nitrogen +NPP Net Primary Productivity +NPP nuclear power plant +NPP nuclear power plant +NPPA National Press Photographers Association +NPR National Public Radio +NPR noise-power-ratio +NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking +NPSI Network Protocol Service Interface +NPTN National Public Telecomputing Network +NPU Natural Processing Unit +NPV Net Present Value +NPX Numeric Processor Extension +NQ No Quote +NQS Network Queuing System +NR Nauru +NRA National Recovery Administration +NRA National Rifle Association +NRA National Rifle Assoociation +NRA National Rivers Authority +NRAO National Radio Astronomy Observatory +NRBQ New Rhythm and Blues Quartet +NRC National Research Council +NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission +NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission +NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission +NRC the Nuclear Regulatory Commission +NRDC Natural Resource Defense Council +NRDC Natural Resources Defense Council +NRDC Natural Resources Defense Council +NRDC the Natural Resources Defense Council +NRE Non-Recurring Engineering +NREN National Research and Education Network +NRHS National Railway Historical Society +NRL Naval Research Laboratory +NRL Naval Research Labs +NRLC National Right to Life Committee +NRM Network Resource Management +NRM Normal Response Mode +NRM Swedish Museum of Natural History/Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet +NRMA National Roads & Motorists' Association +NRMA Nothing Really Matters Anymore +NRN National Research Network +NRN No Reply Necessary +NRO National Reconnaissance Organization +NROFF New ROFF +NRPB National Radiological Protection Board +NRPB National Radiological Protection Board +NRU Nauru +NRWG Neutron Radiography Working Group +NRWG Neutron Radiography Working Group +NRZ Non-Return to Zero +NRZ Not Return to Zero +NRZI Non Return to Zero Inverted +NRZI Non-Return to Zero Inverted +NRaD NCCOSC Research, Development, Test & Evaluation Division +NS Name Server +NS Nanosecond +NS Network Services +NS Network Supervisor +NS Neutron Star +NS Non Stop +NS Not Specified +NS Nova Scotia +NS Nuclear Ship +NSA National Security Agency +NSA national security agencies +NSA National Security Agency +NSA the National Security Agency +NSA POLY National Security Agency Polygraph +NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug +NSAP Network Service Access Point +NSBU National Small Business United +NSBU National Small Business United +NSC National Security Council +NSC Network Service Center +NSC National Security Council +NSC The National Security Council +NSC the National Security Council +NSCA National Safety Council of Australia +NSCA National Systems COntractor Association +NSCS Network Service Center System +NSDAP Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei +NSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure +NSDM National Security Decision Making +NSDSSO NASA Science Data Systems Standards Office +NSE Network Software Environment +NSEC Network Switching Engineering Center +NSEL Network Service Selector +NSEM Network Software Environment +NSERC Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council +NSF National Science Foundation +NSFNET National Science Foundation NETwork +NSLS National Synchrotron Light Source +NSM National Student Marketing +NSM National Student Marketing +NSN National Stock Number +NSO National Solar Observatory +NSP Network Services Protocol +NSPA National Security Planning Agency +NSPA National Security Planning Agency +NSPA the National Security Planning Agency +NSPCA National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals +NSPI National Society for Performance and Instruction +NSPMP Network Switching Performance Measurement Plan +NSRC National Sighting Research Center +NSS National speleological society +NSS Nodal Switching System +NSSDC National Space Science Data Center +NSSN National Standards Systems Network +NST Newfoundland Standard Time +NSTA National Science Teachers Association +NSTL National Software Testing Labs +NSTN Nova Scotia Technology Network +NSTS National Space Transportation System +NSU Networking Support Utilities +NSUG Nihon Sun User's Group +NSW New South Wales +NSWC Naval Surface Warfare Center +NSWC Naval Surface Weapons Center +NT Network Termination +NT Neutral Zone +NT New Technology +NT New Testament +NT Newfoundland Time +NT Northern Telecom +NT Northern Territory +NTAP National Track Analysis Program +NTC National Toxics Campaign +NTC National Toxics Campaign +NTC the National Toxics Campaign +NTDB National Trade Data Bank +NTDS Naval Tactical Data Systems +NTEC Network Technical Equipment Center +NTEU National Treasury Employees Union +NTF No Trouble Found +NTFP Non-timber forest product +NTFS New Technology File System +NTH Norges Tekniske Hoegskole +NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Agency +NTIS National Technical Information Service +NTIS National Technical Information Service +NTN Neutralized Twisted Nematic +NTO Network Terminal Option +NTP Network Time Protocol +NTP Normal Temperature and Pressure +NTPD Network Time Protocol Daemon +NTR Nuclear Thermal Rocket +NTR nuclear thermal rocketry +NTS Network Technical Support +NTS Network Test System +NTS Nevada Test Site +NTS Nevada Test Site +NTSB National Transportation Safety Board +NTSB National Transportation and Saftey Board +NTSB National Transportation Safety Board +NTSB The National Transportation Safety Board +NTSC National Television Standards Committee +NTSC National Television System Committee +NTT New Technology Telescope +NTT Nippon Telegraph & Telephone +NTT Nippon Telephone & Telegraph +NTT Nippon Telegraph & Telephone +NTU Network Terminating Unit +NTUA National Technical University of Athens +NTZ Neutral Zone +NU Name Unknown +NU Niue +NU Northeast Utilities +NU Northeast Utilities +NUA Network User Address +NUFON Northern UFO Network +NUI Network User Interface +NUI Notebook User Interface +NUL Null Device +NUM National Union of Mineworkers +NUM National Union of Mineworkers +NUMA Non Uniform Memory Architecture +NUPE National Union of Public Employees +NURBS NonUniform Rational B-Spline +NUSC Naval Underwater Systems Command +NUTEK Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development +NUWC Naval Undersea Warfare Center +NV Nevada +NV No Overflow +NVH Noise, Vibration, Harshness +NVLAP National Validation Laboratory Program +NVM Non-Volatile Memory +NVOD Near Video On Demand +NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation +NVQ National Vocational Qualification +NVRAM Non-Volatile Random Access Memory +NVRAM NonVolatile Random Access Memory +NW National Westminster +NW Next Wave +NW North West +NW National Westminster +NW Next Wave +NWA Northwest Airline +NWF National Wildlife Federation +NWNET NorthWestNet +NWS National Weather Service +NWT North West Territories +NWTC National Wind Tunnel Complex +NXX NANP syntax for a three-digit string +NY New York +NYC New York City +NYNEX New York and New England Telephone +NYPD New York Police Department +NYSE New York Stock Exchange +NYSERNET New York State Educational and Research Network +NYT New York Times +NYU New York University +NYU New York University +NZ New Zealand +NZATT New Zealand Association of Theatre, Design and Technology +NZL New Zealand +NZLIA New Zealand Library and Information Association +NZUFOSC New Zealand UFO Research Center +NZUSUGI New Zealand Unix System User Group Inc. +NZUSUGI New Zealand Unix System User Group, Inc. +NZZ Neue Zurcher Zeitung +NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface +NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System +O&Y Olympia & York +O.K. off the kid +O2 Oxygen +OA Office Automation +OA Order Administration +OA Overeaters Anonymous +OAB One-to-All Broadcast +OACIS Oregon Advanced Computing InStitute +OAG Official Airline Guide +OAG Online Air Guide +OAI Open Applications Interface +OAK Oakland CA +OAKE Organization of American Kodaly Educators +OAM Operation And Maintenance +OAO Orbiting Astronomical Observatory +OAS One-to-All Scatter +OAS Organization of American States +OAS Organization of American States +OAS the Organization of American States +OASIS Omnicare Advanced Strategic Information System +OASIS Operational Analyses Strategic Interaction Simulator +OASYS Office Automation SYStem +OAT Outside Air Temperature +OATS Office Automation Technology and Services +OAU Organisation of African Unity +OAV Original Animation Video +OB Obligatory +OBAFGKM Oh Be A Fine Girl Kiss Me +OBAFGKM Oh Be A Fine Guy Kiss Me +OBD Online Bugs Database +OBE Office of Business Economics +OBE Office of Business Economics +OBE Order of the British Empire +OBE Outcome Based Education +OBJ Object +OBO Or Best Offer +OBS Omni Bearing Selector +OBS Omnibearing Selector +OBTW Oh, By The Way +OC Operator Centralization +OC Order of Canada +OC-12 Optical Carrier 12 +OC-192 Optical Carier 192 +OCA Organization of Chinese Americans +OCATE Oregon Center for Advanced Technology Education +OCC Office Communications Cabinet +OCC Options Clearing Corp. +OCC Other Common Carrier +OCC Options Clearing Corp. +OCC the Options Clearing Corp. +OCDE Organisation pour la Cooperation et le Developpement economique +OCDM Office of Civil Defense and Mobilization +OCE Office of Correctional Education +OCE Open Collaborative Environment +OCE Other Common carrier channel Equipment +OCI Out of City Indicator +OCL Operation Control Language +OCL Operator Control Language +OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc. +OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. +OCLI Optical Coating Labs Inc. +OCO Object Code Only +OCR Office for Civil Rights +OCR Optical Character Recognition +OCR Optical-character-recognition +OCR optical-character-recognition +OCS Officer Candidate School +OCSEA Ohio County and State Employees Association +OCST Office of Commercial Space Transportation +OCU Office Channel Unit +OCX Ole Control +OD Doctor of Optometry +OD Oculus Dexter +OD Officer of the Day +OD Outer Diameter +OD OverDose +ODA Office Document Architecture +ODA Open Document Architecture +ODA Overseas Development Administration +ODAC Operations Distribution Administration Center +ODAPI Open Database Application Programming Interface +ODBC Open Database Connectivity +ODBMS Object-Oriented Database Management System +ODCS Open Distributed Computing Structure +ODD Operator Distance Dialing +ODDD Operator Direct Distance Dialing +ODI Open Datalink Interface +ODI Open Device Interconnect +ODI Optical Digital Image +ODIF Ofice Document Interchange Format +ODIF Open Document Interchange Format +ODISS Optical Digital Image Storage System +ODMA Open Document Management Association +ODOT Ohio Department of Transportation +ODP Open Distributed Processing +ODS Open Data Services +ODS Overhead Data Stream +ODT Online Debugging Technique +OE Old English +OE Order Entry +OE output-enable +OEA Organizacion de Estados Americanos +OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development +OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development +OED Oxford English Dictionary +OEEC Organization for European Economic Cooperation +OEM OneEurope Magazine +OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer +OEM original-equipment-manufacturer +OEO Office of Economic Opportunity +OEOB Old Executive Office Building +OEP Outdoor Education Project +OERI Office of Educational Research and Improvement +OES Old English Sheepdog +OES Order of the Eastern Star +OEXP Office of Exploration +OF Old French +OF Overflow Flag +OFA Orthopedic Foundation for Animals +OFM Order of Friars Minor +OFMT Output Format for Numbers +OFNPS Outstate Facility Network Planning System +OFS Order of Free State +OFS Output Field Separator +OG Original Gum +OGA Other Government Agency +OGI Oregon Graduate Institute +OGICSE Oregon Graduate Institute Computer Science and Engineering +OGT OutGoing Trunk +OH Off Hook +OH Ohio +OH OverHead +OHP OverHead Projector +OHSLA Ohio Health Sciences Libary Association +OIC Officer In Charge +OIDL Object Interface Definition Language +OIF Opportunity Income Fund +OIF Opportunity Income Fund +OIF an Opportunity Income Fund +OIRA Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs +OIS Office Information Systems +OITDA Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association +OIU Office Interface Unit +OIW Workshop for Implementors of OSI +OJCS Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff +OJT On the Job Training +OJT On-the-Job Training +OK Oklahoma +OLA Ohio Library Association +OLAP Online Analytical Processing +OLE Object Linking and Embedding +OLI Optical Line Interface +OLIT Open Look Interface Toolkit +OLMC Output Logic Macrocell +OLS Operation Lifeline Sudan +OLS Ordinary Least Squares +OLTL One Life To Live +OLTM Optical Line Terminating Multiplexer +OLTP On-Line Transaction Processing +OLTP OnLine Transaction Processing +OLWM OpenLook Window Manager +OM Object Manager +OM Office Management +OM Oman +OMA Ontario Medical Association +OMAC Open Modular Architecture Controller +OMB Office of Management and Budget +OMD Orchestral Manouevers in the Dark +OME Office of Minerals Exploration +OME Office of Minerals Exploration +OME Oregon Microcomputer Engineering +OMF Object Module Format +OMF Open Message Format +OMG Object Management Group +OMI Open Messaging Interface +OMIM Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man +OMM Output Message Manual +OMN Oman +OMNS Open Network Management System +OMPF Operation and Maintenance Processor Frame +OMR Optical Mark Recognition +OMS Orbital Maneuvering System +OMT Object Modeling Technique by James Rumbaugh, et al +OMT Object Modelling Technique +OMV Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle +ON Old Norse +ONA Open Network Architecture +ONAC Operations Network Administration Center +ONAL Off Network Access Line +ONC Open Network Computing +ONERA Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales +ONGC Oil and Natural Gas Commission +ONI Office of Naval Intelligence +ONI Operator Number Identification +ONR Office of Naval Research +ONUSAL United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador +OO Object Oriented +OO object-oriented +OO objected-oriented +OOB Out Of Band +OOBE Out Of the Body Experience +OODB Object Oriented Data Base +OODB Object-Oriented Database +OODBS Object Oriented DataBase System +OODBS Object Oriented Database System +OODMS Object-Oriented Database Management System +OOL Object-Oriented Language +OOP Object Oriented Programming +OOP Object-Oriented Programming +OOP object-oriented-programming +OOPART Out Of Place ARTifact +OOPL Object-Oriented Programming Language +OOPS Object Oriented Programming and Systems +OOPS Object-Oriented Programming System +OOPSLA Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages & Applications +OOPSTAD Object Oriented Programming for Smalltalk Application Developers Association +OOS Object-Oriented Systems +OOS Off-line Operating Simulator +OOSH Object-Oriented SHell +OOT Object-Oriented Technology +OOUI Object Oriented User Interface +OP OFFICEPOWER office automation system, trademark of CCI +OP Observation Post +OP Operation +OP Optical +OP Order of Preachers +OP Order-by-Phone +OP Out of Print +OP Output +OP Outside Plant +OPAC Online Public Access Catlog +OPC Optical Photoconductor +OPC Ordinary Portland Cement +OPC Ordinary Portland Cement +OPC Originating Point Codes +OPCODE Operational Code +OPD Operand +OPDU Operation Protocol Data Units +OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries +OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries +OPEC the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries +OPEOS Outside Plant planning, Engineering & construction Operations Sys +OPF Orbiter Processing Facility +OPI Open Prepress Interface +OPM Office of Personnel Management +OPM Operations Per Minute +OPM Other People's Money +OPM Outside Plant Module +OPP Ontario Provincial Police +OPS Off-Premises Station +OPS Operations +OPSEC OPerations SECurity +OPSEC Operations Security +OPSM Outside Plant Subscriber Module +OPT Open Protocol Technology +OPTICAL OPtometric Topography Involving the Cornea And Lens +OPUS Obvious Password Utility System +OPUS Octal Program Updating System +OPX Off-Premises eXtension +OR Operating Room +OR Operation Research +OR Operations Research +OR Oregon +OR Originating Register +OR Own Risk +OR Owner's Risk +ORA Opportunities for Rural Areas +ORACLE On-Line Inquiry and Report Generator +ORAU Oak Ridge Associated Universities +ORB Office Repeater Bay +ORC Offshore Racing Council +ORDBMS Obect Relational DataBase management System +ORDLIX Organized Design for Line and Crew System +ORFEUS Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer +ORG Organization +ORIF Office of Research and Inertial Fusion +ORISE Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education +ORM Optical Remote Module +ORNAME Originator / Recipient Name +ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory +OROM Optical Read Only Memory +ORS Orthopaedic Research Society +ORS Output Record Separator +ORT Ongoing Reliability Test +OS Oculus Sinister +OS Operating System +OS Operator Service +OS Ordinary Seaman +OS Out of Stock +OS OutState +OS/2 Operating System/2 +OS/E Operating System/Environment +OS2 Operating System/2 +OSA Open System Architecture +OSAC Operator Services Assistance Center +OSAP Ontario Students Assistance Program +OSB Office-Services Brunschweiler +OSB Order of St. Benedict +OSC OSCillator +OSC Ohio Supercomputer Center +OSC Operator Services Center +OSC Orbital Sciences Corporation +OSCAR Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio +OSCE Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe +OSCRL Operating System Command Response Language +OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense +OSD Operational Service Date +OSDIT Office of Software Development and Information Technology +OSDS Operating System for Distributed Switching +OSF Open Software Foundation +OSF Operational Support Facility +OSF Order of St. Francis +OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration +OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration +OSI Office of Special Investigation +OSI Open Systems Interconnection +OSI/RM Open Systems Interconnection/Reference Model +OSINET Open Systems Interconnection Network +OSIRM Open Systems Interconnection/Reference Model +OSM Off-Screen Model +OSME Open Systems Message Exchange +OSN Office Systems Node +OSN Open Systems Network +OSO Originating Signaling Office +OSP Optical Storage Processor +OSP OutSide Plant +OSPF Open Shortest Path First +OSPF Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol +OSPFIGP Open Shortest-Path First Internal Gateway Protocol +OSPS Operator Service Position System +OSQL Object Structured Query Language +OSRAM OSmium und wolfRAM +OSS Office Support System +OSS Office of Strategic Services +OSS Operation Support System +OSS Operator Service System +OSSA Office of Space Science and Applications +OSSE Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment +OST operator started trading +OSTC Open Systems Testing Consortium +OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy +OSTP White house Office of Science and Technology Policy +OSU Oregon State University +OSU The Ohio State University +OS\ operating system +OS\ operating-system +OT Object Technology +OT Old Testament +OT Operating Thetan +OT OverTime +OT&LF Open Taxi & Limousine Foundation +OTA Office of Technology Assessment +OTA Optical Telescope Assembly +OTB Off-Track Betting +OTBS One True Bracketing Style +OTC Output Technology Corporation +OTC Over The Counter +OTC over-the-counter +OTDR Optical TDR +OTEC Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion +OTF Open Token Foundation +OTH-B Over The Horizon - Backscatter +OTHB Over The Horizon - Backscatter +OTHB Over The Horizon Backscatter +OTL Out To Lunch +OTLF Open Taxi & Limousine Foundation +OTM On Time Marker +OTOH On The Other Hand +OTP One-Time Programmable +OTR On The Rag +OTS Off The Shelf +OTS Office of Thrift Supervision +OTS Officers' Training School +OTS Office of Thrift Supervision +OTS The Office of Thrift Supervision +OTV Orbital Transfer Vehicle +OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier +OUP Oxford University Press +OUTS Output String +OUTWATS OUTward Wide Area Telephone Service +OV Orbital Vehicle +OV Orbiter Vehicle +OV Overflow +OVA Original Video Animation +OVRO Owens Valley Radio Observatory +OVTIGRE Outgoing Vacuum Time-Invariant Gray Radiance Equation +OW Over-Write +OWHN One-Word Host Name +OWL Object Windows Library +OWL Open Windows Library +OY OsakeYhti +ObBi Obligatory Bisexual +Ohio College Library Center Online database of bibliographic information +P page +P paragraph +P pence +P pennies +P penny +P per +P peta +P phosphorus +P pico +P&G Procter & Gamble +P&H Priscaro & Hukari Advertising +P-E price-earnings +P-EDIT Parametric EDITor +P-SRAM Pseudo-Static Random Access Memory +P.Eng Professional Engineer +P.M. prime minister +P/AR Peak-to-Average Ratio +P/E price-earning +P/E price/earnings +P/T Part Time +P2 Interpersonal Messaging Protocol +P2C2E Processes too complicated to explain +P3 Protocol used by UA Entities and MTA Entities +P4 The video interface bus on the 3/80 +PA Panama +PA Pennsylvania +PA Per Annum +PA Personnel Administration +PA Physician's Assistant +PA Physicians Assistant +PA Play Aid +PA Power Alarm +PA Power of Attorney +PA Pre-Arbitrated +PA Precision Architecture +PA Press Agent +PA Private Account +PA Process Alert +PA Production Assistant +PA Program Address +PA Public Address +PA Purchasing Agent +PA protactinium +PA-RISC Palo Alto Reduced Instruction Set Computer +PA-RISC Precision Architecture - Reduced Instruction Set Computer +PA-RISC Precision Architecture Reduced Instruction Set Computer +PA-RISC Precision Architecture-Reduced Instruction Set Computer +PABX Private Automatic Branch eXchange +PAC Political Action Committee +PAC political action committees +PACAF Pacific Air Force +PACCOM Pacific Computer Communications network consortium +PACE Program for Arrangement of Cables and Equipment +PACERS Program for the Academic and Cultural Enhancement of Rural Schools +PACS Public Access Catalog Systems +PACT Prefix Access Code Translator +PACX Private Automatic Computer eXchange +PAD Packet Assembler-Disassembler +PAD Public Access Device +PADS Pen Application Development System +PAGAN People Against Goodness And Niceness +PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon +PAIS Public Affairs Information Service +PAIS Public Affairs Information Service +PAK Pakistan +PAK Product Authorization Key +PAL Paradox Applications Language +PAL Passive Activity Loss +PAL Personal Answer Line +PAL Phase Alternate Line +PAL Phase Alternation Line-rate +PAL Programmable Array Logic +PAL Programmed Array Logic +PAL Programming Assembly Language +PAL Public Ada Library +PALC Plasma-Addressed Liquid Crystal +PALS Pediatric Advanced Life Support +PALS Principles of the Alphabet Literacy System +PALS Project for Automated Library Systems +PAM Payload Assist Module +PAM Pulse Amplification Modulation +PAM Pulse-Amplitude Modulation +PAM-D Payload Assist Module, Delta-class +PAMD Payload Assist Module, Delta-class +PAN Panama +PAN Personal Account Number +PANDA Passive Nondestructive Assay +PANS Pretty Advanced New Stuff +PAO Palo Alto CA +PAP Password Authentication Protocol +PAP Polskiej Agencji Prasowej +PAP Printer Access Protocol +PAP Parliament authorized Prime +PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator +PAR Parallel +PAR Peak-to-Average Ratio +PAR Precision Approach Radar +PAR Project Authorization Request +PARA Paragraph +PARC Palo Alto Research Center +PARF Pennsylvania Association of Rehabilitation Facilities +PAS Pro Audio Spectrum +PAS Public Announcement Service +PASC Phase Accurate Sub band Coding +PASCAL Philips Automatic Sequence CALculator +PASI Psoriasis Area and Severity Index +PASS Personal Access Satellite System +PAT Power Alarm Test +PAT Profit After Tax +PATA Pacific Area Travel Association +PATROL Program for Administrative Traffic Reports On Line +PAVNET Partnerships Against Violence NETwork +PAWS Phased Array Warning System +PAWWS Portfolio Accounting World-Wide Web Security APL +PAX Private Automatic eXchange +PBC Peripheral Bus Computer +PBC Processor Bus Controller +PBD Pacific Bell Directory +PBE Prompt By Example +PBGC Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation +PBM Play By Mail game +PBS Public Broadcasting System +PBT Profit Before TAX +PBX Private Branch eXchange +PC Peace Corps +PC PerCent +PC PerCentage +PC Personal Computer +PC Piece of Crap +PC Player Character +PC Politically Correct +PC Post Card +PC Post Cibum +PC President's Choice +PC Primary Center +PC Printed Circuit +PC Privileged Character +PC Privy Council +PC Production Control +PC Program Counter +PC Progressive Conservative party +PC personal computer +PC personal computer +PC personal computers +PC personal-computer +PC personal computing +PC-DOS Personal Computer DOS +PC-I/O Program Controlled I/O +PC/AT Personal Computer/Advanced Technology +PCA Polar Cap Absorbtion +PCA Positive Controlled Airspace +PCA Presbyterian Church in America +PCA Printed-Circuit Assembly +PCAT Personal Computer, Advanced Technology +PCB PolyChlorinated Biphenyls +PCB Printed Circuit Board +PCB Process Control Block +PCB Program Control Block +PCB Protocol Control Block +PCB printed-circuit-board +PCC Portable C Compiler +PCDA Program Controlled Data Acquisition +PCDOS Personal Computer DOS +PCF Portable Compiled Font +PCF percentage of crypts in fission +PCF percentage of crypts in fission +PCH Parallel CHannel +PCI Panel Call Indicator +PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect +PCI Protocol Control Information +PCI pulverized coal injection +PCI pulverized coal injection +PCIE President's Council on Integrity and Efficiency +PCL Printer Command Language +PCL Process Control Language +PCL Programmable Command Language +PCM Personal Computer Manufacturer +PCM Plug-Compatible Mainframe +PCM Pulse Code Modulation +PCM Pulse-Code Modulation +PCMCIA People Can't Make Clear, Intuitive Acronyms +PCMCIA People Can't Memorize Computer Industry Acronyms +PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association +PCMCIA Personal Computer Miniature Communications Interface Adapter +PCMCIA people cannot memorize computer industry acronyms +PCMIA Personal Computer Manufacturer Interface Adaptor +PCN Pitcairn Islands +PCNFS Personal Computer Network File System +PCO Peg Count and Overflow +PCO Process Change Order +PCPC Personal Computers Peripheral Corporation +PCR Peak Cell Rate +PCS Patchable Control Store +PCS Permanent Change of Station +PCS Personal Communication Services +PCS Personal Communications Services +PCS Planning Control Sheet +PCS Print Contrast Signal +PCS Process Control Systems +PCS Program Counter Store +PCS Programmable Drive Table +PCS Project Control System +PCSA Personal Computer Systems Architecture +PCTE Portable Common Tools Environment +PCTS Posix Conformance Test Suite +PCTV Program Controlled TransVerters +PD Per Diem +PD Peripheral Decoder +PD Police Department +PD Potential Difference +PD Public Domain +PDA Personal Digital Assistant +PDA Public Demonstration of Affluence +PDA Public Demonstrations of Affection +PDAD Proposed Draft ADdendum +PDC Programme Delivery Control +PDCA Deming's Plan-Do-Check-Act +PDCA Plan-Do-Check-Act +PDCA plan-Do-Check-Act +PDD Physical Device Driver +PDE Partial Differential Equation +PDES Product Data Exchange Specifications +PDF Portable Document Format +PDF Power Distribution Frame +PDF Printer Description File +PDF Processor Defined Function +PDF Program Development Facility +PDG President-Directeur General +PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy +PDH Plesisynchronous Digital Hierarchy +PDI Power and Data Interface +PDI Putnam Dividend Income +PDI Putnam Dividend Income +PDIAL Public Dialup Internet Access List +PDL Page Description Language +PDL Page Design Language +PDL Program Description Language +PDL Program Design Language +PDM Product Data Management +PDM Product Data Manager +PDN Public Data Network +PDP Plasma Display Panel +PDP Progammable Data Processor +PDP Programmed Data Processor +PDQ Pretty Damn Quick +PDQ Pretty Damned Quick +PDR Physician's Desk Reference +PDS Packet Driver Specification +PDS Partitioned Data Set +PDS Portable Display Shell +PDS Premises Distribution System +PDS Public Domain Software +PDSP Peripheral Data Storage Processor +PDSS Post Development and Software Support +PDT Pacific Daylight Time +PDT Programmable Drive Table +PDU Product Development Unit +PDU Protocol Data Unit +PDU process development unit +PDU process development unit +PDVSA Petroles De Venezuela Sociedad Anonima +PE Parity Even +PE Partial Evaluation +PE Peripheral Equipment +PE Peru +PE Phase Encoded +PE Physical Education +PE PolyEthylene +PE Prince Edward island +PE Printer's Error +PE Processing Element +PE Professional Engineer +PE Protect Enable +PE Protestant Episcopal +PEA Pocket Ethernet Adapter +PEBB Power Electronic Building Blocks +PECC Product Engineering Control Center +PEFKUSH Press Every Fucking Key Until Something Happens +PEI Prince Edward Island +PEKUSH Press Every Key Until Something Happens +PEL Picture Element +PEM Privacy Enhanced Mail +PENSDK Pen Computing Software Development Kit +PEOUSW Program Executive Office, UnderSea Warfare +PEOUSW Program Executive Officer, UnderSea Warfare +PEP Packetized Ensemble Protocol +PEP Productivity Enhancement Project +PEPE Pepe Est Presque Emacs +PER Peru +PERFECT PERFormance Evaluation for Cost-Effective Transformations +PERL Practical Extraction and Report Language +PERT Program Evaluation and Review Technique +PES Positioning Error Signal +PES Processor Enhancement Socket +PES Processor Upgrade Socket +PET Print Enhancement Technology +PETA People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals +PEX Phigs/phigs+ Extension to X +PEXSI PEX Sample Implementation +PF French Polynesia +PF Programmed Function +PF PF Flyer +PFA Polyurethane Foam Association +PFB Printer Font Binary +PFC Plasma Fusion Center +PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays +PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays and Bisexuals +PFLP Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine +PFPS Plasma Fault Protection System +PFPS Plasma Fault Protection System +PFPU Processor Frame Power Unit +PFR Power-Fail Restart +PG Papua New Guinea +PG Parental Guidance +PG Parental Guidance suggested +PG Perge Notice +PG&E Pacific Gas & Electric +PGA Pin Grid Array +PGA Professional Golfers Association +PGA Professional Graphics Adapter +PGA Pure Grain Alcohol +PGA pin-grid-array +PGDN Page Down +PGFYS Please Go Fuck Yourself +PGG Project Galactic Guide +PGIM Plant Growth Investigations in Microgravity +PGL precursor geometry limited +PGL precursor geometry limited +PGM Program +PGP Pretty Good Privacy +PGUP Page Up +PH Parity High bit +PH Philippines +PH Potential of Hydrogen +PH Process Hold +PHA Pulse Height Analysis +PHA Pulse Height Analyzer +PHCSG The Primary Health Care Specialist Group +PHIGS Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System +PHIGS Programmers Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System +PHIGS Programmers' Hierarchial Interactive Graphics Standards +PHILANTHROPIC philanthropic +PHL Philippines +PHLX Philadelphia Stock Exchange +PHOENICS People, Housing, Oranges, Eugenics, and Navy Institute of Central Sudan +PHOTOCD PHOTOgraphic Compact Disk +PHS Public Health Service +PHYSREV Physical Review Journal +PHd Press Here Dummy +PI Principal Investigator +PI Private Investigator +PI Program Interruption +PI Protocol Interpreter +PIA Peripheral Interface Adapter +PIA Plug-In Administrator +PIC Pilot In Command +PIC Plastic-Insulated Cable +PIC Position Independant Code +PIC Primary Independent Carrier +PIC Priority Interrupt Controller +PIC Program Interrupt Controller +PIC Prudential Investment Corp. +PIC Prudential Investment Corp. +PIC Prudential Investment Corp.\/Europe +PIC the Prudential Investment Corp. +PICA PIcture-Coding Algorithm +PICO PIne COmposer +PICS Plug-in Inventory Control System +PICT Picture +PID Process IDentifier +PID Process Identification Number +PID Protocol IDentifier +PIF Paid In Full +PIF Program Information File +PIG Passive Income Generator +PIK pay-in-kind +PIK payment-in-kind +PIK payment-in-kind +PILOT Portable Inflight Landing Operations Trainer +PILOT Programmed Inquiry Learning Or Teaching +PILOTS Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress +PILPS Project for the Intercomparison of Land Surface Parameterisation Schemes +PIM Personal Information Manager +PIMS Profit Impact of Marketing Strategy +PIN Personal Identification Number +PINE Pine Is Not Elm +PING Packet InterNet Grouper +PIO Parallel Input/Output +PIO Processor Input/Output +PIO Programmed Input/Output +PIP Packet Interface Port +PIP Periphal Interchange Program +PIP Picture In Picture +PIP Problem Isolation Procedure +PIP Programmable Interconnect Point +PIPO Parallel In, Parallel Out +PIR Passive Infrared +PIR Professional Investor Report +PIR Professional Investor Report +PISAM Photon Induced Scanning Auger Microscope +PIT Principal, Interest, and Taxes +PIT Programmable Interval Timer +PITA Pain In The Ass +PITI Principal, Interest, Taxes, Insurance +PIV Particle Image Velocimetry +PIXEL PIcture ELement +PIXIT Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing +PJL Pajama League +PK Pakistan +PKB Public Key Block +PKP Public Key Partners +PKW PersonenKraftWagen +PL Parity Low bit +PL Plus +PL Poland +PL/1 Programming Language One +PL/M Programming Language for Micros +PL1 Programming Language One +PLA Programmable Logic Array +PLA Programmable Logic-Array +PLAN Public Lands Action Network +PLATO Programmed Learning for Automated Teaching Operations +PLATO Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations +PLB Personal Location Beacon +PLC Planters LifeSavers Co. +PLC Programmable Logic Controller +PLCC Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier +PLCC Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier +PLD Programmable Logic Device +PLDI Programming Language Design and Implementation +PLL Phase Locked Loop +PLL Phase-Locked Loop +PLM Programming Language for Microcomputers +PLN Prison Legal News +PLO Palestine Liberation Organization +PLO Please Leave On +PLO Palestine Liberation Organization +PLO the Palestine Liberation Organization +PLS Physical Layer Signaling +PLSS Portable Life Support System +PLT Panduit Locking Tie +PLV Production Level Video +PLW Palau +PM PayMaster +PM Peripheral Module +PM Phase Modulation +PM Plant Management +PM Police Magistrate +PM Post Meridiem +PM PostMaster +PM PostMortem +PM Presentation Manager +PM Pressurized Module +PM Preventative Maintenance +PM Preventive Maintenance +PM Prime Minister +PM Process Manager +PM Provost Marshal +PM St. Pierre And Miquelon +PM/X Presentation Manager for X windows +PMA Physical Medium Attachment +PMAC Peripheral Module Access Controller +PMC Permanently Manned Capability +PMD Physical Medium Dependant +PMDF Pascal Memo Distribution Facility +PMEG Page Map Entry Group +PMEL Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory +PMG Page Map Group +PMI Private Mortgage Insurance +PMIRR Pressure Modulated InfraRed Radiometer +PMMU Paged Memory Management Unit +PMO Prime Minister's Office +PMOS P channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor +PMOS Positive Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor +PMRC Parents' Music Resource Center +PMS Policy Management System +PMS Pre-Menstrual Syndrome +PMT PhotoMultiplier Tube +PMT Pre-Menstrual Tension +PMT Printed Mechanical Transfer +PMU Precision Measurement Unit +PMX Presentation Manager for the X window system +PN Part Number +PN PeaceNet +PN Pitcairn +PN Processing Node +PN Promissory Note +PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Science +PNB Pacific Northwest Bell +PNC Project NatureConnect +PNG Papua New Guinea +PNP Plug N Play +PNP Positive-Negative-Positive +PNP Positive-Negative-Positive transistor +PNPN Positive-Negative-Positive-Negative devices +PO Parity Odd +PO Petty Officer +PO Post Office +PO Postal Order +PO Purchase Order +POB Periphal Order Buffer +POB Place of Birth +POC Point of Contact +POC Port Of Call +POCS Pacific Outer Continental Shelf +POCSAG Post Office Code Standardisation Advisory Group +POD Pay On Delivery +POD Point Of Distribution +POE Port Of Embarkation +POE Port Of Entry +POETS Piss Off Early Tomorrow's Saturday +POETS Piss Off Early, Tomorrow's Saturday +POF Programmable Operator Facility +POGO Polar Orbiting Geophysical Observatory +POH Pilot's Operating Handbook +POI Point Of Information +POK Power on Okey Signal +POL Poland +POL Problem Oriented Language +POLICE Protective Organization for Life and Investment in Civil Establishment +POM Phase Of Moon +PON Passive Optical Network +PONY Prostitutes of New York +POOL Paralell Object Orientied Language +POP Persistent Organic Pollutant +POP Point Of Presence +POP Point Of Production +POP Pop from Stack +POP Post Office Protocol +POP Processor On Plug-in +POP3 Post Office Protocol +POP3 Post Office Protocol 3 +POP3 Post Office Protocol version 3 +POP3 Post Office Protocol, Level 3 +POPA Pop All Registers +POPF Pop Flags +POPL Principles Of Programming Languages +POPMail Post Office Protocol Mail +POPS Paperless Order Processing System +POQ Piss Off Quickly +POR Plan Of Record +POR Point Of Receive +POR Price On Request +POS Point Of Sale +POS Positive +POS Programmable Object Select +POSH Port Out Starboard Home +POSI Promoting conference for OSI +POSIX Portable Operating System for unIX +POSS Palomar Observatory Sky Survey +POSSLQ Person of the Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters +POST Power-On Self Test +POST Public Organisation for Supression of Technology +POSTNET Postal Numeric Encoding Technique +POSYBL PrOgramming SYstem for distriButed appLications +POTS Plain Old Telephone Service +POTS Plain Old Telephone System +POTV Personnel Orbit Transfer Vehicle +POV Point Of View +POV Privately Owned Vehicle +POW Prisoner Of War +POWER Performance Optimization With Enhanced Risc +PP Painting Processor +PP Parcel Post +PP Past Participle +PP Polypropylene +PP Post Pay +PP Primary Point +PP Private Pilot +PP pages +PP pilot plant +PP pilot plant +PPA Post Pack Audit +PPAA Pancake Promotions Acting Agency +PPB Parts Per Billion +PPBS Planning, Programming, and Budgeting Systems +PPBSO Piping and Pipe Band Society of Ontario +PPC Pour Prendre Conge' +PPCS Person to Person, Collect, Special +PPD Peripheral Pulse Distributor +PPD PostScript Printer Description +PPDS Personal Printer Data Stream +PPI Professional Press Inc. +PPI producer price index +PPI producer-price index +PPI producer-price index +PPM Pages Per Minute +PPM Parts Per Million +PPM Product Portfolio Management +PPN Parameterized Post-Newtonian formalism for general relativity +PPN Project Programmer Number +PPN Public Packet Switching +PPOPP Principles and Practices of Parallel Programming +PPP Point-to-Point Protocol +PPP purchasing power parity +PPP purchasing power parity +PPS PostPostScriptum +PPS Product Performance Surveys +PPS Public Packet Switching network +PPS probability-proportional-to-size +PPSDN Public Packet-Switched Data Network +PPSM Programming Practices and Standards Manual +PPT Parts Per Trillion +PPT Pulse Pair Timing +PPT Punched Paper Tape +PPV Pay Per View +PQ Province of Quebec +PQM Phi Quag Mire +PR PayRoll +PR Public Relations +PR Puerto Rico +PR press-release +PR press release +PR press releases +PRA Personal Retirement Account +PRA probabilistic risk assessment +PRA probabilistic risk assessment +PRA Personal Retirement Account +PRACSA Public Remote Access Computer Standards Association +PRAM Parallel Random-Access Machine +PRAM Parameter Random Access Memory +PRAM Programmable Random Access Memory +PRC People 's Republic of China +PRC People's Republic of China +PRC Planning Research Corporation +PRCA Puerto Rico Communications Authority +PREB parametric robust empirical Bayes +PREB parametric robust empirical Bayes +PREMIS PREMises Information System +PREMO Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects +PREPNET Pennsylvania Research & Economic Partnership network +PRG PAL Programming Department +PRG PROM Programming Department +PRI Primary Rate Interface +PRI Public Radio International +PRI Puerto Rico +PRIME Lab Purdue Rare Isotope Measurement Laboratory +PRISM Parallel Reduced Instruction Set Multiprocessing +PRK Democratic People'S Republic Of Korea +PRK Phase Reversal Keying +PRK Photo-Refractive Keratectomy +PRK Polyteknikkojen RadioKerho ry +PRMA Packet Reservation Multiple Access +PRMD Private Management Domain +PRMD Private Mangement Domain +PRN Printer +PRN pro re nata +PROC Procedure +PROFS PRofessional OFfice System +PROG Program +PROG Programmer +PROLOG Programming In Logic +PROM Programmable Read Only Memory +PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory +PROMATS PROgrammable Magnetic Tape System +PROPAL Programmed PAL +PROTEL PRocedure Oriented Type Enforcing Language +PROUT Progressive Utilization Theory +PRPG Pseudorandom Pattern Generator +PRR Pennsylvania Railroad +PRS Personal Response System +PRSA Public Relations Society of America +PRSI Public Responsibility and Social Insurance +PRSS Proprietary RAID Storage Solution +PRT Portugal +PRTC Puerto Rico Telephone Company +PRTSC Print Screen +PRY Paraguay +PReP PowerPC Reference Platform +PS PicoSecond +PS PostScript +PS PostScriptum +PS Power Steering +PS Power Supply +PS Process Stop Ship +PS Program Store +PS Proportional Spacing +PS Public School +PS Public Service +PS Public Service +PS/2 Programming System 2 +PSA Phycological Society of America +PSA Problem Statement Analyzer +PSAP Public Safety Answering Point +PSAT Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test +PSAT Preparatory Scholastic Aptitude Test +PSC Pittsburgh Supercomputer Center +PSC Polar Stratospheric Clouds +PSC Prime Service Contractor +PSC Product Service Center +PSC Public Safety Calling system +PSC Public Service Commission +PSD Phase Sensitive Detector +PSD Power Spectral Density +PSDC Public Switched Digital Capability +PSDN Packet-Switched Data Network +PSDN Public Switched Data Network +PSDS Public Switched Digital Service +PSE Packet Switch Exchange +PSE Programming Support Environment +PSF Permanent Swap File +PSF Point Spread Function +PSG Platoon SerGeant +PSG Professional Service Group +PSI Packet Switch Interface +PSI Paul Scherrer Institute +PSI Performance Systems International +PSI Psychological Society of Ireland +PSIU Packet Switch Interface Unit +PSK Phase Shift Keying +PSK Phase-Shift Keying +PSL Physical Science Laboratory +PSL Problem Statement Language +PSM Packet Service Module +PSM Position Switching Module +PSM Professional Service Manager +PSN Packet Switch Node +PSN Packet Switched Network +PSN Packet Switching Node +PSN Packet-Switched Network +PSO Pending Service Order +PSOE Pull Some Of Each +PSP Personal Software Products +PSP Product Support Plan +PSP Program Segment Prefix +PSPN Public Switched Packet Network +PSQL Platinum Software Corp. +PSR Product Specific Release +PSR PulSaR +PSS Packet Switch Stream +PSS Packet Switched Services +PSS Performance Support System +PST Pacific Standard Time +PSTN Public Switch Telephone Network +PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network +PSU Program Storage Unit +PSW Program Status Word +PSWM PostScript Window Manager +PT Pacific Time +PT Page Table +PT Patrol Torpedo +PT Payload Type +PT Physical Therapy +PT Physical Training +PT Portugal +PT Program Timer +PTA Parent-Teacher Association +PTAT Private Trans Atlantic Telecommunications +PTB Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt +PTC Philadelphia Transportation Co. +PTCA Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty +PTD Parallel Transfer Disk Drive +PTE Page Table Entry +PTI Portable Test Instrument +PTL Praise The Lord +PTN Plant Test Number +PTO Patent and Trademark Office +PTO Please Turn Over +PTO Power Take-Off +PTP Point To Point +PTSD Post Traumatic-Stress Disorder +PTT Post, Telephone and Telegraph administration +PTT Postal, Telephone, and Telegraph administration +PTV Particle Tracking Velocimetry +PTV Passenger Transport Vehicle +PTW Primary Translation Word +PTY Pseudo-Terminal Driver +PU Physical Unit +PU Purdue University +PUB Public +PUB Publish +PUC Peripheral Unit Controller +PUC Public Utilities Commission +PUCRS Pontifecia Universidade catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil +PUD Planned Unit Development +PUP PARC Universal Packet protocol +PURPA Public Utilities Regulatories Policies Act +PUS Processor Upgrade Socket +PUSHA Push All Registers +PUSHF Push Flags +PV PhotoVoltaic +PV Photovoltaic +PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit +PVC Permanent Virtual Circuits +PVC Polyvinyl Chloride +PVDF Polyvinylidenefluoride +PVM Parallel Virtual Machine +PVM Pass-through Virtual Machine +PVN Private Virtual Network +PVO Pioneer Venus Orbiter +PVT Private +PW Palau +PW Prisoner of War +PWA Pirates With Attitudes +PWB Printed Wire Board +PWB Printed Wiring Board +PWB Programmer's Workbench +PWB Programmers Work Bench +PWD Print Working Directory +PWG Permanent Working Group +PWLIGHCATTS People Who Live In Glass Houses Can't Afford To Throw Stones +PWM Pulse Width Modulation +PWM pulse-width-modulated +PWR Power +PWSCC primary water stress corrosion cracking +PWSCC primary water stress corrosion cracking +PWSCS Programmable Worstation Communication Services +PX Post eXchange +PY Paraguay +PYF French Polynesia +PZG PanzerGrenadier - German for Mechanized Infantry - i.e. 15PzG division +P\/E price\/earnings +Pa protactinium +Q Queen's +Q Question +Q queen +QA Qatar +QA Quality Assurance +QA Quality Assurance +QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation +QANGO Quasi Non Governmental Organization +QANTAS Queensland And Northern Territories Air Service +QAS Quasi-Associated Signaling +QAT Qatar +QB Queen's Bishop +QBE Query By Example +QBE Query-By-Example +QBF Query by Form +QBP Queen's Bishop's Pawn +QC Quality Control +QC Queen's Counsel +QCD Quantum Chromo-Dynamics +QCD Quantum ChromoDynamics +QCD Quantum Chromodynamics +QD Quaque Die +QDA Quantity Discount Agreement +QDCS Quality, Deliverly, Cost, Safety +QDCS Quality, Deliverly, Cost, Service +QDEL Queensland Department of Education Library +QDOS Quick and Dirty Operating System +QE Queen Elizabeth +QE Quick Estimation +QED Quantum ElectroDynamics +QED Quod Erat Demonstrandum +QEF Quod Erat Faciendum +QEI Quod Erat Inveniendum +QEMM Quarterdeck Expanded Memory Manager +QET Quantum Effect Transistor +QFA Quick File Access +QFC Quaker Fabric Corp. +QFC Quaker Fabric Corp. +QIC Quality Information Using Cycle Time +QIC Quarter-Inch Cartridge +QID Quater In Die +QID four times a day +QIS Quality Information System +QKt queen's knight +QKtP queen's knights's pawn +QLB Quick Like Bunnies +QLI Query Language Interpreter +QLLC Qualified Logical Link Control +QM QuarterMaster +QMC QuarterMaster Corps +QMF Query Management Facility +QMG QuarterMaster General +QMP Quality Measurement Plan +QMS Quality Micro Systems +QMW Queen Mary and Westfield College +QNS Quantity Not Sufficient +QOTD Quote Of The Day +QPN Queueing Petri Net +QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying +QPSX Queued Packet and Synchronous eXchange +QQV which see +QRA Quality Reliability Assurance +QRSS Quasi Random Signal Source +QSA Queensland Shopkeepers Association +QSA Queensland State Archives +QSL Queensland State Library +QSO Quasi-Stellar Object +QSS Quality Surveillance System +QT QuickTime +QTC Quantitative Technology Corporation +QTY Quantity +QUANGO QUAsi Non-Governmental Organization +QUANGO Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organisation +QUANGO Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organization +QUANTAS QUeensland And Northern Territory Aerial Service +QUANTAS Quantas Empire Airways +QUEL QUEry Language +QV Quid Vide +QVC Quality, Value, Convenience +QWL Quality of Working Life +QoS Quality of Service +R Rand +R Recto +R Republican +R Right +R Ring +R Rolemaster +R Rontgen +R Rook +R&B R and B +R&B Rhythm and Blues +R&D Research and Development +R-O Read Only +R.A.F. Royal Air Force +R.B. Robert Boslego +R.C. Research Council +R.I Rhode Island +R.I. Rhode Island +R/C resistor/capacitor +R/M/W read/modify/write +R/T Receive/Transmit +R/W Read/Write +RA Radium +RA Regular Army +RA Research Assistant +RA Return Authorization +RA Royal Academy +RAAF Roswell Army Air Force +RAAF Royal Australian Air Force +RAAF Roswell Army Air Force +RAAF the Roswell Army Air Force +RAB Registration Authorization Board +RAC Royal Armoured Corps +RAC Royal Automobile Club +RACE Random Access Card Equipment +RACEP Random Access and Correlation for Extended Performance +RACF Resource Access Control Facility +RACI Royal Australian Chemical Institute +RAD Radiation Absorbed Dose +RAD Rapid Access Disk +RAD Rapid Application Development +RADAR RAdio Detection And Ranging +RADAR RAdio Direction And Range +RADAR Radio Association Defending Airwave Rights +RADB Routing Arbiter DataBase +RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service +RADM Rear ADMiral +RAF Royal Air Force +RAG Row Address Generator +RAID Redundant Arrays of Independent Drives +RAID Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks +RALU Register Arithmetic Logic Unit +RAM Random Access Memory +RAMC Royal Army Medical Corps +RAMDAC Random Access Memory Digital-to-Analog Converter +RAMP Ratings And Maintenance Phase +RAND Random +RAND Rural Area Network Design +RAO Regional Accounting Office +RAO Revenue Accounting Office +RAP Rapid Application Prototyping +RAP Remedial Action Plan +RAR Return Address Register +RARDE Royal Armaments Research and Development Establishment +RARE European Association of Research Networks +RARE Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne +RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol +RARS Robot Auto Racing Simulation +RAS Random Access Storage +RAS Reliability, Availability and Serviceability +RAS Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability +RAS Row Address Select +RASC Residence Account Service Center +RASD Reference and Adult Services Division of the American Library Association +RATFOR RATional FORtran +RATS Radio Amateur Telecommunications Society +RAU Rand Afrikaans University +RB Rhythm and Blues +RB Right Button +RBBS Remote Bulletin Board System +RBC Red Blood Count +RBC Royal Bank of Canada +RBHC Regional Bell Holding Company +RBI Runs Batted In +RBOC Regional Bell Operating Company +RBOR Request Basic Output Report +RBS Royal Bank of Scotland +RBS Royal Bank of Scotland +RBT Reliable Broadcast Toolkit +RBTL Read Between The Lines +RBWS Reflecting Beam Waveguide System +RBWS Reflecting Beam Waveguide System +RC Receive Clock +RC Red Cross +RC Regional Center +RC Repair Center +RC Resistance-Capacitance +RC Resistor-Capacitor circuit +RC Roman Catholic +RCA Radio Corporation of America +RCAF Royal Canadian Air Force +RCAS Reserve Component Automation System +RCC Radio Common Carrier +RCC Remote Cluster Controller +RCC Reverse Command Channel +RCDD Registered Communications Distribution Designer +RCDS Ring Christlich-Demokratischer Studenten +RCEEF Research Centre on Employment and Economic Fluctuations +RCF Remote Call Forwarding +RCHA Royal Canadian Horse Artillery +RCI Rodent Cage Interface +RCL Rotate Carry Left +RCL Runtime Control Library +RCLDN Retrieval of Calling Line Directory Number +RCM Remote Carrier Module +RCMAC Recent Change Memory Administration Center +RCMP Royal Canadian Mounted Police +RCNC Royal Corps of Naval Constructors +RCP Remote CoPy +RCP Restore Cursor Position +RCR Rotate Carry Right +RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act +RCS Reaction Control System +RCS Records Communications Switching System +RCS Revision Control System +RCSB Rochester Community Savings Bank +RCSB Rochester Community Savings Bank +RCSC Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem +RCU Radio Channel Unit +RCVR ReCeiVeR +RCW Revised Code of Washington +RD Receive Data +RD Received Data +RD Remove Directory +RD Research and Development +RD Routing Domain +RD Rural Delivery +RDA Recommended Daily Allowance +RDA Remote Data Access +RDA Remote Database Access +RDB Receive Data Buffer +RDB Relational Database +RDBMS Relational Database Mangement System +RDC Routing Domain Confederation +RDCI Routing Domain Confederation Identifier +RDCLK Received Timing Clock +RDCS Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer +RDE rotated disc electrode +RDE rotated disc electrode +RDES Remote Data Entry System +RDF Radio Direction Finding +RDF Rapid Deployment Force +RDF radio direction finder +RDF Rapid Deployment Force +RDF the Rapid Deployment Force +RDI Routing Domain Identifier +RDL Remote Digital Loopback +RDM Reliably-Delivered Message +RDMS Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer +RDP Reliable Datagram Protocol +RDS Radio Data System +RDS Radio Digital System +RDSR Receiver Data Service Request +RDT Radio Digital Terminal +RDT Research and Technological Development +RE Reunion +REA Rail Express Agency +REC Regional Engineering Center +RECON Reconnaissance +REG Register +REGAL Rigid Epoxy Glass Acrylic Laminate +REGIS REmote Graphics Instruction Set +REIT Real Estate Institute of Tasmania +REIT real estate investment trust +REIT real-estate investment trust +REIT real estate investment trust +RELSECT Relative Sector +REM Rapid Eye Movement +REM Rat Enclosure Module +REM Rational Economic Man +REM Remark +REM Remote +REM Remote Equipment Module +REM Ring Error Monitor +REM Roentgen Equivalent in Man +REMBASS Remotely Monitored Battlefield Sensor System +REMF Rear Echelon Mother Fucker +REMM Reseau electronique du Montreal metropolitain +REMOBS REMote OBservation System +REN Rename +REN Ring Equivalence Number +REO R. E. Olds +REO Removable, Erasable, Optical +REP Repeat +REPE Repeat while Equal +REPNE Repeat while Not Equal +REPNZ Repeat while Not Zero +REPZ Repeat while Zero +REQ Request +REQSPEC REQuirements SPECification +RES Remote Execution Service +RES Reset +RES Resolution +RET Resolution Enhancement Technology +RET Return +RETMA Radio Electronics Television Manufacturers Association +REU Reunion +REX Relocatable Executable +REX Remote EXecution +REXX Restructured Extended Executor +RF Radio Frequency +RF radio-frequency +RFA Republique Federal d'Allemagne +RFC Request For Comments +RFD Rural Free Delivery +RFDF Radio Frequency Direction Finding +RFE Request For Enhancement +RFI Radio Frequency Interference +RFID Radio Frequency Identification +RFLP Read the Fucking Language Primer +RFP Request For Proposals +RFP Request for Proposal +RFP Reversed Field Pinch +RFP Reversed Field Pinch +RFP Rocky Flats Plant +RFP Rocky Flats Plant +RFQ Request For Quotes +RFS Ready For Service +RFS Remote File System +RFT Request For Technology +RFT Revisable Form Text +RFT Rich Text Format +RFU Reserved For Future Use +RGB Red Green Blue +RGB Red-Green-Blue +RGB Red-Green-Blue +RGB red-green-blue +RGBI Red Green Blue Intensity +RGP Raster Graphics Processor +RGU Radio Government/Universal +RH Right Hand +RHC Regional Holding Company +RHIC Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider +RHPS Rocky Horror Picture Show +RHS Right Hand Side +RHV Reid-Hillview Intergalactic, San Jose CA +RI Receiving & Inspection +RI Referential Integrity +RI Rhode Island +RI Ring Indicator +RIA Royal Irish Academy +RIAA Recording Industry Association of America +RIAA Recording Industry Association of America +RIAA the Recording Industry Association of America +RIACS Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science +RIAS Radio In the American Sector +RICO Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations +RICO Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations +RICO the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations +RID Remote Isolation Device +RIF Reading Is Fundamental +RIF Reduction In Force +RIFF Resource Interchange File Format +RILM Repertoire International de Literature Musicale +RIM Remote Installation and Maintenance +RIME RelayNet International Message Exchange +RIP Raster Image Processor +RIP Remote Imaging Protocol +RIP Requiescat In Pace +RIP Rest In Peace +RIP Routing Information Protocol +RIPE Reseaux IP Europeenne +RIPE Reseaux IP en Europe +RIPEM Riordan's Internet Privacy Enhanced Mail +RIPS Raster Image Processing Systems Corp. +RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer +RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computing +RISC Reduced-instruction-set-computing +RISC Relegate Important Stuff to the Compiler +RISC reduced instruction set computing +RISC reduced instruction-set computing +RISC reduced-instruction set computing +RISC reduced-instruction-set-computer +RISC reduced-instruction-set-computer +RISC reduced-instruction-set-computers +RISC reduced-instruction-set-computing +RISCOS Reduced Instruction Set Computer Operating System +RISLU Remote Integrated Services Line Unit +RISQ Regional Internet Services for Quebec +RISQ Reseau Interordinateurs Scientifique Quebecois +RIT Rochester Institute of Technology +RIT Rochester Institute of Technology +RIT the Rochester Institute of Technology +RITA Recognition of Information Technology Achievement award +RIVM Rijks Instituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene +RJE Remote Job Entry +RJR R.J. Reynolds +RKBA Right to Keep and Bear Arms +RLC Resistor Inductor Capacitor +RLCM Remote Line Concentrating Module +RLDS The Re-organized Church of Latter-Day Saints +RLE Run Length Encoded +RLG Research Libraries Group +RLIN Research Libraries Information Network +RLL Radio Lock Loop +RLL Run Length Limited +RLN Remote LAN Node +RLOGIN Remote Login +RLP Radio Link Protocol +RLSA Rugby League Supporters Association +RLSD Received Line Signal Detected +RLSI Ridiculously Large-Scale Integration +RLT Remote Line Test +RM Record Marking +RM Regional Manager +RM Research Machines +RM Reset Mode +RMA Radio Manufacturers' Association +RMA Return Material Authorization +RMA Return Materials Authorization +RMA Return to Manufacturer Authorization +RMAASC Rocky Mountain Asian American Student Coalition +RMAF Royal Malaysian Air Force +RMAS Remote Memory Administration System +RMATS Remote Maintenance Admisistration and Traffic System +RMDIR Remove Directory +RMF Read Me First +RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator +RMON Remote Monitor +RMON Remote Monitoring +RMR Remote Message Registers +RMR Return Material Receipt +RMS Record Management Services +RMS Remote Manipulator System +RMS Richard M. Stallman +RMS Root Mean Square +RMS Royal Mail Ship +RMS Royal Medical Society +RMS root-mean-square +RMV Registry of Motor Vehicles +RMW read-modify-write +RN Reference Noise +RN Registered Nurse +RN Royal Navy +RNA RiboNucleic Acid +RND Random +RNGC Revised New General Catalog +RNOC Regional Network Operations Center +RNP Rede Nacional de Pesquisa +RNR Receive Not Ready +RNZAF Royal New Zealand Air Force +RO Read/Only +RO Receive Only +RO Romania +ROA Return On Assets +ROAR Revolt Over Airport Relocation +ROB Remote Order Buffer +ROC Regional Operating Company +ROCB Rolling On the Carpet Barfing +ROE Rate Of Exchange +ROE Return On Equity +ROFF Run-OFF +ROFL Rolling On Floor Laughing +ROFLASTC Roll On the Floor Laughing And Scaring The Cat +ROFLMAO Rolling On the Floor Laughing My Ass Off +ROFLOL Rolling On the Floor Laughing Out Loud +ROG Receipt Of Goods +ROH Receiver Off Hook +ROI Region Of Interest +ROI Return On Investment +ROL Rotate Left +ROLW Record of Lodoss Wars +ROM Range Of Motion +ROM Read Only Member +ROM Read Only Memory +ROM Read-Only Memory +ROM Romania +ROM Rupture Of Membrane +RONA Return on Net Assets +RONABIT Return On Asset Before Income Tax +ROR Rotate Right +ROSAT ROentgen SATellite +ROSE Real-time Object-oriented Simulation Environment +ROSE Remote Operations Service Entity +ROTBA Reality On The Blink Again +ROTC Reserve Officer Traing Corp +ROTC Reserve Officers' Training Corps +ROTFL Rolling On The Floor Laughing +ROTFL Rolls on the floor laughing +ROTFLABTC Rotate On The Floor, Laughting, And Biting The Carpet +ROTFLASTC Rolling On The Floor Laughing And Scaring The Cat +ROTFLASTC Rolling on the floor laughing and scaring the cat +ROTFLBTC Rotate On The Floor, Laughting, Biting The Carpet +ROTFLMAO Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off +ROTFLMFHO Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Fucking Head Off +ROTFLOL Rolling On The Floor Laughing Out Loud +ROTFLaBiTC Rolling On The Floor Laughing and Biting Into The Carpet +ROTL Remote Office Test Line +ROTS Rotary Out Trunks Selectors +ROUS Rodents Of Unusual Size +ROW Rest Of World +ROW Rest Of the World +ROYGBIV Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet +RP Rolling Plan +RPC Real Procedure Call +RPC Remote Procedure Call +RPCNA Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America +RPCV Returned Peace Corps Volunteer +RPG RePort Generator +RPG Report Program Generator +RPG Role Playing Game +RPI Real Polytechnic Institute +RPI Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute +RPI Rolling Plan Indices +RPL Requested Privilege Level +RPL Resident Programming Language +RPM Remote Process Management +RPM Removable Peripheral Module +RPM Resales Price Maintenance +RPM Revolutions Per Minute +RPN Reverse Polish Notation +RPO Railway Post Office +RPPROM Reprogrammable PROM +RPQ Request for Price Quotation +RPS Revolutions Per Second +RPS Rotational Positional Sensing +RPT Repeat +RPV Remotely Piloted Vehicle +RQ RuneQuest +RQBE Relational Query By Example +RQS Rate/Quote System +RQSM Regional Quality Service Management +RR RailRoad +RR Rate & Route +RR Real Reality +RR Receive Ready +RR Resource Record +RR Route Relay +RR Rural Route +RRIP Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol +RRO Rate and Route Operator +RRO Reports Receiving Office +RRSP Registered Retirement Savings Plan +RS Radio Shack +RS Recommended Standard +RS Record Separator +RS Recording Secretary +RS Reed-Solomon +RS Request to Send +RS Revised Status +RS Right Side +RS Royal Society +RS232 Digital Communication Standard +RSA Repair Service Attendant +RSA Rivest, Shamir, Adelman +RSA Rivest-Shamir-Adelman +RSADSI RSA Data Security Inc +RSADSI RSA Data Security, Inc +RSAREF Rivest, Shamir, Adelman Reference Implementation +RSB Repair Service Bureau +RSC Remote Switching Center +RSC Residence Service Center +RSCS Remote Source Control System +RSCS Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem +RSD RoadSide Delivery +RSE Research & Systems Engineering +RSFSR Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic +RSH Remote Shell +RSH Restricted Shell +RSH Royal Society of Health +RSIS Relocatable Screen Interface Specification +RSL Random Street Lunatic +RSL Request-and-Status Link +RSLE Remote Subscriber Line Equipment +RSLM Remote Subscriber Line Module +RSM Remote Switching Module +RSN Real Soon Now +RSNA Radiological Society of North America +RSP Required Space Character +RSPCA Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals +RSPCA Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals +RSS Remote Switching System +RST Reset +RST Restart +RST rotary separator turbine +RST rotary separator turbine +RSTS Resource Sharing Time Sharing +RSTS Resource System Time Sharing +RSTSE Resource System Time Sharing/Enhanced +RSU Remote Switching Unit +RSV Revised Standard Edition +RSVP Reach Strategic Venture Partners +RSVP Repondez S'il Vous Plait +RSVP please reply +RSWC Right Side up With Care +RSX Real Time Resource Sharing Executive +RT RadioTelephone +RT Real Time +RT RealTime +RT Risc Technology +RT Run Time +RTA Remote Trunk Arrangement +RTAC Regional Technical Assistance Center +RTAM Remote Terminal Access Method +RTC Real Time Composition +RTC Real-Time Clock +RTC Resolution Trust Corp +RTC Resolution Trust Corp. +RTC Right To Copy +RTC Resolution Trust Corp. +RTC the Resolution Trust Corp. +RTCG Run-Time Code Generation +RTCM Radio Technical Commission Marine +RTD Recruit Training Depot +RTD Research and Technological Development +RTECS Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances +RTF Read This First +RTF Rich Text Format +RTFB Read The Fucking Binary +RTFM Read The Fine Manual +RTFM Read The Fucking Manual +RTFM Read the Fucking Manual +RTFM Read the fine manual +RTFS Read The Fucking Source +RTG Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator +RTL Register Transfer Language +RTL Resistor Transistor Logic +RTL Resistor-Transistor Logic +RTL Right-To-Left +RTL Run Time Library +RTL register-transfer-level +RTLS Return To Launch Site +RTM Read The Manual +RTM Regional Telecommunications Management +RTM Remote Test Module +RTM Resin Transfer Molding +RTM Response Time Monitor +RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol +RTOS Real-Time Operating System +RTP Real Time Protocol +RTR Reel-To-Reel +RTRL Realtime Recurrent Learning +RTS Ready To Send +RTS Real Time Systems +RTS Reliable Transfer Service +RTS Remote Testing System +RTS Request To Send +RTS Return To Stock +RTS Royal Television Society +RTS robot-task-sequence +RTSE Reliable Transfer Service Element +RTSL Read The Source Luke +RTT Round Trip Time +RTT Round-Trip Time +RTTI RunTime Type Identification +RTTY Radio Teletype +RTTY Radio Teletypewriter +RTU Real Time Unix +RTU Remote Trunking Unit +RTU Right To Use +RTV Real Time Video +RTV Real-time-video +RU Receive Unit +RU Russian Federation +RUBISCO RibUlose 1,5-BISphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase +RUCA Rijks Universitair Centrum Antwerpen +RUG Rijks Universiteit Gent +RUI Restricted User Interface +RULES Really Unusual Lemon Eating Service +RUM Remote User Multiplex +RUS Russian Federation +RV Recreation Vehicle +RV the Recreation Vehicle +RVD Remote Virtual Disk +RVR Runway Visual Range +RW Read/Write +RW Right Worshipful +RW Right Worthy +RW Rwanda +RWA Rwanda +RWC Remote Work Center +RWE Remote Wall Enclosure +RWM Read-Write Memory +RWM Read/Write Memory +RWTH Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen +RX Receive +RX Receiver +RX Remote eXchange +RXD Received Data +RY Railway +RYFM Read Your Fuckin' Manual +ReLaTe Remote Language Teaching +RoSPA Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents +S Siemens +S Sleeve +S South +S Supplement +S second +S sulphur +S&C Skull & Crossbones +S&L Savings & Loan +S&L savings & loan +S&L savings and loan +S&L savings and loans +S&P Standard & Poor +S&P Standard & poor +S-B Scheweitzer-Baud +S-VHS Super VHS +S.A. Schweizerische Aluminium +S.A. Seddon Atkinson +S.A. South America +S.C Services Committee +S.C South Carolina +S.C. South Carolina +S.G. Securities Government +S.G. solicitor general +S/36 System/36 +S/370 System/370 +S/390 System/390 +S/C SpaceCraft +S/H Sample and Hold +S/H sample-and-hold +S/N Signal-to-Noise +S/N Signal-to-Noise ratio +S/N signal-to-noise +S/R selection/resolution +S/W Software +SA Salvation Army +SA Saudi Arabia +SA Seaman Apprentice +SA Service Assistant +SA Sex Appeal +SA Sine Anno +SA South Africa +SA South America +SA South Australia +SA Subject to Approval +SAA South Atlantic Anomaly +SAA Systems Application Architecture +SAA The Society of American Archivists +SAAB Svenska Aeroplan AktieBolaget +SAAL Signaling ATM Adaption Layer +SAAMI Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers ' Institute +SAAO South African Astronomical Observatory +SAAO South African Astrophysical Observatory +SAB South African Breweries +SAB South African Breweries +SABAM Societe Anonyme Belge des Auteurs, Compositeurs et Editeurs de Musique +SABC South African Broadcasting Corporation +SABENA Such A Bloody Experience, Never Again ! 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Specialized Common Carrier Service +SCCS Switching Control Center System +SCD Standard Color Display +SCE Signal Conversion Equipment +SCE Southern California Edison +SCE Structure Chart Editor +SCE sister chromatid exchanges +SCE sister chromatid exchanges +SCE Southern California Edison +SCED SCSI/Ethernet/Diagnostics +SCF Selective Call Forwarding +SCF System Control Facility +SCI Sanlandro Cablevision Inc. +SCI Scalable Coherent Interface +SCI Science Citation Index +SCI SpaceCraft Incorporated +SCIFI SCIence FIction +SCIP Seniors Computer Information Project +SCLC Southern Christian Leadership Council +SCLC space charge limited currents +SCLC space charge limited currents +SCLERA Santa Catalina Labs for Experimental Relativety by Astronomy +SCLP Signalling Channel Link Protocol +SCM Software Configuration Management +SCM Subscriber Carrier Module +SCMS Serial Copy Management System +SCN Siemens Corporate Network +SCO Santa Cruz Operation +SCO Serving Central Office +SCOOPS SCheme 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Protocol +SRI Stanford Research Institute +SRM Security Reference Monitor +SRM Solid Rocket Motor +SRO Sharable and Read Only +SRO Standing Room Only +SRPI Server-Requester Programming Interface +SRQ Service Request +SRR Serially Reusable Resource +SRS Service Repair System +SRS Software Requirements Specification +SRT source-routing/transparent +SRTS Secondary Ready To Send +SS Sales Support +SS Seconds +SS Single Sided +SS Sparc Station +SS Special Services +SS Stack Segment +SS Stop Ship +SS spread-spectrum +SS7 Signalling System #7 +SSA Serial Storage Architecture +SSA Serial System Architecture +SSA Soaring Society of America +SSA Social Security Administration +SSA Static Single-Assignment +SSADM Structured System Analysis and Design Method +SSADM Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method +SSAN Social Security Account Number +SSAP Session Service Access Memory +SSAS Station Signaling and Announcement Subsystem +SSB Single Side Band +SSB Single SideBand +SSBAM Single-SideBand Amplitude Modulation +SSC Special Services Center +SSC Specialized Systems Consultants +SSC Superconducting Super Collider +SSC Swedish Space Corporation +SSCP Subsystem Services Control Point +SSCP System Services Control Point +SSCS Service Specific Convergence Sublayer +SSDD Same Shit, Different Day +SSDI Social Security Disability Income +SSDU Session Service Data Unit +SSE Software Support Engineer +SSE South-SouthEast +SSEC Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator +SSEL Session Service Selector +SSF Space Station Freedom +SSF Sveriges speleolog-forbund +SSFF Showcase Software Factory of the Future +SSG Staff SerGeant +SSGA System Suppport Gate Array +SSI Small Scale Integration +SSI Solid-State Imager +SSI Space Services Incorporated +SSI Space Studies Institute +SSI Supplemental Security Income +SSI Supplemental Security Income +SSL Synthesizer Specification Language +SSME Space Shuttle Main Engine +SSO Satellite Switching Office +SSP Signal Switching Point +SSP Sponsor Selective Pricing +SSP Surface Science Package +SSP System Status Panel +SSPC SSP Controller +SSPF Space Station Processing Facility +SSPRU SSP Relay Unit +SSPS Satellite Solar Power Station +SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar +SSR Soviet Socialist Republic +SSRI Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor +SSRMS Space Station Remote Manipulator System +SSS System Support Specialist +SST Sea Surface Temperture +SST Spectroscopic Survey Telescope +SST Spread-Spectrum Technology +SST SuperSonic Transport +SSTDMA Satellite-Switched Time Division Multiple Access +SSTO Single Stage To Orbit +SSTTSS Space-Space-Time-Time-Space-Space network +SSTV Slow Scan TeleVision +SSW South-SouthWest +ST STart +ST Sao Tome And Principe +ST Seagate Technologies +ST Short Ton +ST-ECF Space Telescope - European Coordinating Center +STA Spanning Tree Algorithm +STAGE Structured Text And Graphics Editor +STAP Schmidt Telescope Advisory Panel +STAR Self Tuning ARchitecture +STARLAB Space Telecommunications and Radioscience Laboratory +STARS Software Technology for Adaptable, Reliable Systems +START Strategic Arms Reduction Talks +STB Software Technical Bulletin +STB Strobe +STC Serving Test Center +STC Set Carry Flag +STC Society for Technical Communication +STC Supplemental Type Certificate +STC Switching Technical Center +STD Sacrae Theologiae Doctor +STD Secondary Transmit Data +STD Set Direction Flag +STD Sexually Transmitted Disease +STD Standard +STD State Transition Diagram +STD Subscriber Trunk Dialing +STDA StreetTalk Directory Assistance +STDAUX Standard Auxillary +STDERR Standard Error +STDIN Standard Input +STDIO.H Standard Input/Output Header +STDM Statistical Time Division Multiplexing +STDOUT Standard Output +STDPRN Standard Printer +STDS9 Star Trek: Deep Space Nine +STED SDL-guided TTCN Editor +STEDI STudent Explorer Development Initiative +STEM Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope +STEMRA Stiching Exploitatie Mechanische Rechten Auteurs - Holland +STEP Standard For The Exchange Of Product Model Data +STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data +STFT Short-Term Fourier Transform +STG Star Trek: Generations +STI Set Interrupt Flag +STI Standard Tape Interface +STILAS Scientific and Technical Information Library Automation System +STILO Scientific and Technical Intelligence Liaison Office +STIS Space Telescope Imaging Spectrometer +STK StorageTek +STL St. Louis MO +STL Standard Template Library +STL Student Torture Library +STN SuperTwisted Nematic +STOC Symposium on the Theory Of Computing +STOH Since Top Overhaul +STOL Short TakeOff and Landing +STOS Store String +STP Sao Tome And Principe +STP Shielded Twisted Pair +STP Signal Transfer Point +STP Software Through Pictures +STP Standard Temperature and Pressure +STP shielded-twisted-pair +STR Store Task Register +STR Synchronous Transmitter Receiver +STRESS Structural Engineering System Solver +STRPG Star Trek: The Role-Playing Game +STRUDL Structural Design Language +STS Sales Technical Support +STS Shared Tenant Service +STS Shuttle Transport System or Space Transportation System +STS Space Transportation System +STS Space-Time-Space network +STS sequence-tagged sites +STSCI Space Telescope SCience Institute +STSI Space Telescope Science Institute +STTAS Star Trek: The Animated Series +STTFF Star Trek V: The Final Frontier +STTMP Star Trek: The Motion Picture +STTNG Star Trek: The Next Generation +STTOS Star Trek: The Original Series +STTSFS Star Trek III: The Search for Spock +STTUC Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country +STTVH Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home +STTWOK Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan +STUKA STUrzKAmpfflugzeug +STV Single Transferable Vote +STV Space Transfer Vehicle +STVOY Star Trek: Voyager +STX Start of Text +SToMP Software Teaching of Modular Physics +SU Set Uid +SU Ussr +SUB Subroutine +SUB Substitute +SUB Subtract +SUBUD SUshila BUdhi Dharma +SUBUD SUsila BUdhi Dharma +SUCCESS SUn Corporate Catalyst Electronic Support Service +SUCKS Stupid Useless Commercial Kiddy Suckware +SUCS Staffordshire University Computing Society +SUDS Stanford Universal Drawing System +SUG Sun User's Group +SUHOI Sheer Unadulterated Hell Of It +SUHOI Sheer Unadulterated Honk Of It +SUID Set UID +SUISA Schweizerische Gesellschaft fur die Rechte der Urheber Musikalische Werke +SUM Symantec Utilities for Macintosh +SUN SUN MicroSystems Computer +SUN Single-User Network +SUN Stanford University Network +SUN Ussr +SUNET Swedish University NETwork +SUNOCO SUN Oil COmpany +SUNY State University of New York +SUNY State University of New York +SUNY the State University of New York +SUNYLA State University of New York Librarians Association +SUR Suriname +SURANET Southeastern Universities Research Association network +SURF Sequent Users Resource Forum +SURPH SURvival under Proportional Hazards +SUSI Simple Unified Search Index +SUSP System Use Sharing Protocol +SV El Salvador +SVC Switched Virtual Circuits +SVGA Super Video Graphics Array +SVID System V Interface Definition +SVN Slovenia +SVP Schematic Verification Program +SVR4 System V Release 4 +SVS Switched Voice Service +SVVS System V Verification Suite +SW South West +SW SuperWorld +SWACER Shock Wave Amplification by Coherent Energy Release +SWAG Scientific Wild-Ass Guess +SWAGNER Sophisticated Wild Ass Guess Not Easily Refuted +SWAK Sealed With A Kiss +SWALK Sealed With A Loving Kiss +SWAN Sun Wide Area Network +SWAS Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite +SWAT Sealed With A Twist +SWAT Special Weapons And Tactics +SWB SouthWestern Bell +SWBT South Western Bell Telephone +SWDW Shared Windowed Digital World +SWE Sweden +SWF ShortWave Fading +SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Transfers +SWIM See What I Mean +SWIN Strength-weakness-interest-need +SWIPNET Swedish IP NETwork +SWISS-2DPAGE Two-dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Database +SWISS-PROT The SWISS-PROT Protein Sequence Data Bank +SWM Solbourne Window Manager +SWMBO She Who Must Be Obeyed +SWO Sales Work Order +SWOT Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat analisys +SWS Scientific Workstation Support +SWZ Swaziland +SX SimpleX signaling +SXS Step by Step switching +SY Syrian Arab Republic +SYC SYstem Control +SYC Seychelles +SYLK Symbolic Link +SYMPL SYsteMs Programming Language +SYN SYNchronizing segment +SYNC Synchronous +SYR Syrian Arab Republic +SYS See You Soon +SYS System +SYSCON SYStem CONsole +SYSCON System Console +SYSGEN SYStem GENeration +SYSGEN System Generator +SYSLOG System Log +SYSMOD System Modification +SYSOP System Operator +SYSREQ System Request +SZ Swaziland +SeaWiFS Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor +Seeking information regarding Campbell and Moutainy Singer collection +SiFA Single Function Agent +SwRI Southwest Research Institute +T Tip +T Traveler +T tera- +T tesla +T ton +T tonne +T tonnes +T tons +T tritium +T&T Tunnels & Trolls +T.D. Trade Development +T.S. time and space +T.T. truly talking +T.V. television +T/B Top and Bottom +T/H track-and-hold +T/R Transmit/Receive +T1FE T1 carrier Front End +T1OS T1 carrier OutState +TA Teaching Assistant +TA Tell-Ask +TA Terminal Adaptor +TA Territorial Army +TA Transfer Allowed +TA TA Associates +TA The Amira +TAB Tape Assembly Bonding +TAB Technical Assistance Board +TABOU The Alternative Bytemovers Of the Underground +TAC Tactical Air Command +TAC Tecnological Augnmentation for Communities +TAC Terminal Access Controller +TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access Control System +TACAN Tactical Air Navigation +TACCS Tactical Army Combat service support Computer System +TACTS Tactical Aircraft Combat Training System +TAD Telephone Answering Device +TAE Transportable Applications Environment +TAFY Technologically Advantaged Family +TAG Technical Advisory Group +TAL Transatlantic Abort Landing +TALIN Tate And Lyle INdustries +TAM Threaded Abstract Machine +TAM Total Available Market +TANJ There Ain't No Justice +TANSTAAFL There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch +TAP Telephone Assistance Plan +TAP Test Access Port +TAPCIS The Access Program for the CompuServe Information Service +TAPI Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry +TAPI Telephone Application Programmer's Interface +TAPPI Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry +TAPR Tuscon Amateur Packet Radio +TAR Tape ARchiver +TARDIS Time And Related Dimensions In Space +TARFU Things Are Really Fouled Up +TARFU Things Are Really Fucked Up +TARGFU Things Are Really Getting Fouled Up +TARGFU Things Are Really Getting Fucked Up +TAS Telephone Answering Service +TASC Technical Assistance Service Center +TASC Telecommunications Alarm Surveillance and Control system +TASC Territory Assessment by Standard Criteria +TASI Time Assign Speech Interpolation +TASI Time Assigned Speech Interpolation +TASI Time Assignment Speech Interpolation +TASI Time Assignment Speech Interpolation system +TASM Turbo Assembler +TAT Theoretical Arrival Time +TAT TransAtlantic Telephone +TAT Turn Arround Time +TAU The American University +TAU Thousand Astronomical Units +TAXI Transparent Asynchronous Tranceiver Interface +TB Terabyte +TB Translation Buffer +TB TuBerculosis +TBA To Be Announced +TBA To Be Arranged +TBA Traditional Birthing Attendent +TBBS The Bread Board System +TBC To be continued +TBD To Be Done +TBLC Tampa Bay Library Consortium +TBLS TaBLe look-up and interpolate Signed +TBLU TaBLe look-up and interpolate Unsigned +TBO Time Between Overhaul +TBS Turner Broadcasting System +TBS Turner Broadcasting System +TC Teachers College +TC Technical Committee +TC Test Control +TC Timing Counter +TC Tinned Copper +TC Toll Center +TC Total Color +TC Transmission Control +TC Turks And Caicos Islands +TCA Terminal Control Area +TCA Terminal Controlled Airspace +TCA Turks And Caicos Islands +TCAM Tele Communications Access Method +TCAM TeleCommunications Access Method +TCAP Transaction Capabilities Applications Part +TCAS T-Carrier Administration System +TCB Task Control Block +TCB Trusted Computer Base +TCC Trunk Class Code +TCCC Technical Committee on Computer Communications +TCD Chad +TCD Trinity College Dublin +TCDD [2,3,7,8]-Tetrachloro dibenzo dioxine +TCE Tissue Compression Eliminator +TCG Test Call Generation +TCI Tele-Communications Inc. +TCI TeleCommunication Interface +TCIP TeleCommunications Interface Protocol +TCL Think Class Library +TCL/TK Tool Command Language +TCM Time Compression Multiplexer +TCM Total Cost Management +TCM Trellis Coded Modulation +TCM Trellis-Coded Modulation +TCMP Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program +TCMP Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program +TCN Train Communication Network +TCP Transmission Control Protocol +TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol +TCPIP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol +TCR Transient Call Record +TCS Technical and Computing Services +TCS Thermal Control System +TCS Traction Control System +TCSEC Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria +TCT Time Critical Target +TCT To Challenge Tomorrow +TCT Toll Connecting Trunk +TD Chad +TD TouchDown +TD Transmit Data +TD Treasury Department +TD Twin Disc +TD Twin Disc +TDAS Traffic Data Administration System +TDC Tape Data Controller +TDC Terrestrial Data Circuit +TDCC Transportation Data Coordinating Committee +TDD Telecommunications Device for Deaf +TDD Telephone Device for the Deaf +TDE Terminal Display Editor +TDE Time Delay Estimation +TDE Transition Diagram Editor +TDI Trusted Database Interpretation +TDL Test Description Language +TDM Time Division Multiplexing +TDM Time-Division Multiplexer +TDM Time-Division Multiplexing +TDMA Time Division Multiple Access +TDMA Time Domain Multiple Access +TDMA Time-Division Multiple Access +TDMS Terminal Display Management System +TDO Table of Denial Orders +TDR Time Domain Reflectometry +TDR Tropical Diseases Research +TDR UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases +TDRS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite +TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System +TDSR Transmitter Data Service Request +TDWG Taxinomic Dadabases Working Group +TDY Temporary DutY +TDY Temporary Duty +TDtoDP Tablet Coordinates to Display Coordinates +TE Technology Education +TE Telecom Eireann +TE Terminal Equipment +TE Transverse Electric +TE/2 Terminal Emulator/2 +TEA Texas Education Agency +TEAM Technologies Enabling Agile Manufacturing +TEAM Transfemoral Endovascular Aneurysm Management +TEATIME TEATIME Enables A Team to Interactively Manage and Edit objects +TEB Teterboro NJ +TEC Technology Exchange Company +TEC Tokyo Electronics Corporation +TEC thermal-expansion coefficient +TEC thermal-expansion coefficient +TECO Tape Editor and COrrector +TECO Text Editor and COrrector +TED Tiny Editor +TEFLON polyTEtraFLuOrethyleNe +TEHO Tail End Hop Off +TEI Text Encoding Initiative +TELACU The East Los Angeles Community Union +TELEX TELetypewriter EXchange +TELSAM TELephone Service Attitude Measurement +TEM transmission electron microscopy +TEM transmission electron microscopy +TEMA Tubilar Exchanger Manufacturers Association +TEML Turbo Editor Macro Language +TEMPEST Transient Electro-Magnetic Pulse Emanation STandard +TEMPO Technical Military Programming Organization +TEP Tucson Electric Power +TEP Tucson Electric Power +TER Technical Education Resources +TER Thermal Eclipse Reading +TERENA Trans-European Research and Education Networking Association +TERM TERMinal +TERMPWR Terminator Power +TES Thermal Emission Spectrometer +TEXEL TEXture Element +TF French Southern Territories +TF toroidal field +TF toroidal field +TFC Total Full Color +TFDD Text File Device Driver +TFEL Thin-Film Electroluminescent +TFLAP T-carrier Fault-Locating Applications Program +TFP Tops Filing Protocol +TFS Translucent File System +TFS Trunk Forecasting System +TFSO Terms For Separation Option +TFSO Transition Financial Support Option +TFT The Fantasy Trip +TFT Thin Film Transistor +TFT Thin-Film Transistor screens +TFT Thin-film-transistor +TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol +TFTR Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor +TFTR Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor +TG Thieves' Guild +TG Throbbing Gristle +TG Togo +TGC Terminal Group Controller +TGIF Thank God It's Friday +TGIF Thank Goddess It's Friday +TGN Trunk Group Number +TGO Togo +TGV Two Guys and a VAX +TH Thailand +TH Trouble History +THA Thailand +THAAD Theater High Atlitude Area Defense +THC Teen Hunter Clubs +THD Total Harmonic Distortion +THES Times Higher Education Supplement +THF TetraHydroFuran +THG third harmonic generation +THG third harmonic generation +THIEF This Here Isn't Even Fine +THOR THermal Optical Recording +THOR Tandy High-Performance Optical Recording +THOR Tandy High-intensity Optical Recording +THRUSH Technological Hierarchy for the Removal of Undesireables and Subjugation of Humanity +THX Tom Holman Xover +TI Texas Instruments +TI Texas Instruments Inc. +TI Texas Instruments, Inc. +TI Toastmasters International +TI Transport Independent +TI transport-independent +TI Texas Instrument +TI Texas Instruments +TIA Tactical Information Assistant +TIA Telephone Information Access +TIA Thanks In Advance +TIA The Internet Adapter +TIA Transient Ischemic Attack +TIAA Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association +TIAC The Internet Access Company +TIC TermInfo Compiler +TIC Three Initial Corporation +TIC Tongue In Cheek +TICSA I'm still looking for it. +TID Target ID +TID Ter In Die +TID Transaction ID +TIE-in Take It Easy - It's Nothing +TIEIN Take It Easy In Nebraska +TIES Time Independent Escape Sequence +TIFF Tag Image File Format +TIFF Tagged Image File Format +TIGA Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture +TIGER Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing +TIGRE Time-Invariant Gray Radiance Equation +TIMOTHY Timely Information and Messaging Online To serve You +TIMS Technical Information Management System +TINA TINA Is Not an Acronym +TINA Telecommunications Information Networking Architecture +TINA This Is Not an Acronym +TINA-C Telecommunications Information Networking Architecture Consortium +TINT Tint Is Not TeX +TIP Team Improvement Program +TIP Terminal Interface Processor +TIP To Insure Promptness +TIPP TImed Processes and Performance evaluation +TIPP TImed Processes for Performance Evaluation +TIPSI Transport Independent Printer System Interface +TIRKS Trunk Integrated Record Keeping System +TIROS Television InfraRed Observation Satellite +TIS Trusted Information Systems +TISN Tokyo International Science Network +TISWAS This Is Saturday Watch And See +TITOS Technological Interface To Our Senses +TJ Tajikistan +TJK Tajikistan +TK Tokelau +TKK Teknillinen KorkeaKoulu +TKL Tokelau +TKM Turkmenistan +TKO Technical Knock Out +TKT Instite for Telecooperation Technolgy +TKWWW a World Wide Web browser based on the TK graphical interface +TKY Teknillinen Korkeakoulun Ylioppilaskunta +TL Total Loss +TL&EH True Love and Eternal Happiness +TLA Three Letter Acronym +TLA three letter acronym +TLB Translation lookaside buffer +TLC Tender Loving Care +TLC The Learning Channel +TLG Thesaurus Linguae Graecae +TLH Thesaurus Linguarum Hiberniae +TLI Transport Layer Interface +TLI Transport Level Interface +TLI Transport-Level Interface +TLM Trouble Locating Manual +TLN Trunk Line Network +TLOK The Lord Only Knows +TLP Transmission Level Point +TLTP Trunk Line and Test Panel +TLU Table Lookup +TLV Type, Length, Value +TLV Type, Length, Value encoding +TM TradeMark +TM Transverse Magnetic +TM Turkmenistan +TMA Tycho Magnetic Anomaly +TMAC Treasury department's Multiuser Acquisition Contract +TMBG They Might Be Giants +TMD Theater Missile Defense +TMDA Too Many Damn Acronyms +TMDF Trunk Main Distributing Frame +TMIS Telecommunications Management Information System +TML Transmanche-Link +TMLMTBGB Too Much Light Makes The Baby Go Blind +TMMS Telephone Message Management System +TMN Telecommunications Management Network +TMO Telephone Money Order +TMOS Telecommunications Management Operations Support +TMP East Timor +TMP Temporary +TMP The Morrow Project +TMR Transient Memory Record +TMRC Tech Model Railroad Club +TMRC Transportation Modeling Research Center +TMRS Traffic Measurement and Recording System +TMRS Traffic Metering Remote System +TMS Time-Multiplexed Switch +TMSC Tape Mass Storage Control +TN Telephone Number +TN Tennessee +TN Transaction Number +TN Tunisia +TN Twisted Nematic +TNC Terminal Node Controller +TNC Threaded Navy Connector +TNC Threaded Neill Concelman +TNC Threaded Neill Concelman connector +TNCC Trauma Nurse Core Curiculum +TNDS Total Network Data System +TNF Tumor Necrosis Factor +TNF tumor-necrosis factor +TNF tumor-necrosis factor +TNG The Newspaper Guild +TNG Thomson L.A. News Group +TNMS Telphony Network Management System +TNN The Nashville Network +TNN Total News Network +TNN Trunk Network Number +TNN Total News Network +TNN the Total News Network +TNOP Total Network Operation Plan +TNP Tech Nickel Plate +TNPC Traffic Network Planning Center +TNRCC Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission +TNT The NeWS Toolkit +TNT TriNitro Toluene +TNT TriNitroToluene +TNT Turner Network Television +TO Telegraph Office +TO Tonga +TO Turn Over +TOC Table Of Contents +TOC total organic carbon +TOC total organic carbon +TOCOTOX TOo COmplicated TO eXplain +TOD Time-Of-Day +TODS Transactions on Database Systems +TOEFL Test Of English as a Foreign Language +TOF Time Of Flight +TOGA-COARE Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Research Experiment +TOIX Turn Over Initial X-ray +TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer +TOMS Transactions on Mathematical Software +TON Tonga +TOO Target Of Opportunity +TOOIS Transactions on Office Information Systems +TOP Technical Office Protocol +TOP Technical and Office Protocol +TOP Technical/Office Protocol +TOPEX Ocean Topography Experiment +TOPICS Total On-Line Program and Information Control System +TOPLAS Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems +TOPMS Telemarketing Operations Management System +TOPS Timesharing OPerating System +TOPS Traffic Operator Position System +TOPS Transcendental OPerating System +TOPSMP Traffic Operator Position System Multipurpose +TORES Text ORiented Editing System +TOS Transfer Orbit Stage +TOW Tube Launched Optically Tracked Wire Command Link Missile Weapon System +TOW Tube launched, Optically tracked, Wire guided missile +TOY Time Of Year +TP East Timor +TP Test Plan +TP Third Party +TP Time Pass +TP Toll Point +TP Transaction Processing +TP Transport Protocol +TP Twisted Pair +TP from TP0 and TP4 +TP transaction-processing +TP twisted-pair +TP0 OSI Transport Protocol Class 0 +TP4 OSI Transport Protocol Class 4 +TP4 Transport Protocol, class 4 +TPC The Phone Company +TPC Tokyo PC Users Group +TPC Transaction Processing Performance Council +TPE Twisted Pair Ethernet +TPI Tracks Per Inch +TPIS Turning Point Information Services Inc. +TPIS Turning Point Information Services, Inc. +TPL Table Producing Language +TPM Third-Party Maintenance +TPM Total Productive Maintenance +TPM Transactions Per Minute +TPMP Total network data system Performance Measurement Plan +TPO Traveling Post Office +TPORT Twisted Pair Port Transceiver +TPP TetraarylPorPhyrin +TPS Technical Publication Software +TPS Technical Publishing Software +TPS TeleProcessing Services +TPS Thermal Protection System +TPS Trailer Park Slattern +TPS Transaction Processing System +TPS Transactions Per Second +TPT Twisted Pair Transceiver +TPW Turbo Pascal for Windows +TQC Total Quality Control +TQM Total Quality Management +TR Technical Reference +TR Terminal Ready +TR Test Register +TR Token Ring +TR Transfer Register +TR Turkey +TR. Theodore Roosevelt +TRAC Total Risk Analysis Calculation +TRADIC Transistorized Airborne Digital Computer +TRANSLIS Transforming our Libraries and Information Services +TREAT Trouble Report Evaluation Analysis Tool +TRG Tip and Ring Ground +TRHA Texas Residence Hall Association +TRI Telecommunications Resources Incorporated +TRIB Transfer Rate of Information Bits +TRMTR TRamsMiTteR +TRO temporary restraining order +TROFF Text RunOFF +TROFF Typsetter new ROFF +TRON The Real-Time Operating System Nucleus +TRON The Realtime Operating system Nucleus +TROS Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting +TRR Tip-Ring Reverse +TRR Token Ring Repeater +TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area +TRSI Tristar Red Sector Incorporated +TRSI Tristar Red Sector, Incorporated +TRUSIX TRUSted unIX +TRW Thompson, Ramo, and Woolridge +TS Top Secret +TS Transsexual +TS/SI Top Secret/Sensitive Information +TSA Technical Support Alliance +TSAP Transport Service Access Point +TSB Termination Status Block +TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act +TSCPF Time Switch and Call Processor Frame +TSD Total System Design +TSDU Transport Service Data Unit +TSE Technical Support Engineer +TSE Toronto Stock Exchange +TSEL Transport Service Selector +TSFTPOULA The Society For The Prevention Of Unusually Long Acronyms +TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone +TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone +TSI Time Slot Interchanger +TSIA Title Says It All +TSM Tech Support Manager +TSN trend-seasonal-noise +TSO Technical Standard Order +TSO Time Sharing Option +TSORT Transmission System Optimum Relief Tool +TSP Teleprocessing Services Program +TSP Test SuPervisor +TSP Thrift Savings Plan +TSP Time Synchronization Protocol +TSP Touch Screen Program +TSP Traffic Service Position +TSP TriSodium Phosphate +TSPS Traffic Service Position System +TSR TSR +TSR Terminate and Stay Resident +TSR Terminate-and-Stay-Resident +TSR Terminate-stay-resident +TSR Test Summary Report +TSR terminate-and-Stay-Resident +TSR terminate-and-stay-resdent +TSR terminate-and-stay-resident +TSR terminate-stay-resident +TSS Task State Segment +TSS Tethered Satellite System +TSS Time Sharing System +TSS Time-Sharing System +TSS Trunk Servicing System +TSS-1 Tethered Satellite System +TSSAM Tri-service Standoff Attack Missile +TSST Time-Space-Space-Time network +TST Time-Space-Time network +TST Traveling-Wave Tube +TSTN Triple Supertwisted Nematic +TSTO Two Stage to Orbit +TSTS Time-Space-Time-Space network +TSU T1 Service Unit +TSVQ Tree-Structured Vector Quantization +TT Trinidad And Tobago +TT Trunk Type +TT Tunnels & Trolls +TTC Telecommunications Technology Council +TTC Terminating Toll Center +TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined Notation +TTD Things To Do +TTFN Ta Ta For Now +TTFN Tah Tah, For Now +TTHG Two-Term Henyey-Greenstein +TTL Time to Live +TTL Transistor Transistor Logic +TTL Transistor-Transistor Logic +TTMA Tennessee Tech Microcomputer Association +TTO Trinidad And Tobago +TTP Telephone Twisted Pair +TTP Trunk Test Panel +TTS Transaction Tracking System +TTS Trunk Time Switch +TTTN Tandem Tie Trunk Network +TTU Tennessee Technological University +TTUL Talk to U later +TTY TeleTYpe +TTY TeleTYpewriter +TTYC TTY Controller +TTYL Talk to you Later +TTYTT To tell you the truth +TUBA Tubists Universal Brotherhood Association +TUE Technische Universiteit Eindhoven +TUI Text-Based User Interface +TULIP Total depravity Unconditional election Limited attonement Irresistable grace Perseverence of the saints +TULIPS Tsukuba University Library Information Processing System +TUM Technische Universitat Munchen +TUN Tunisia +TUNIS Toronto UNIversity System +TUPS Trinity University PlayerS +TUR Traffic Usage Recording +TUR Trunk Utilization Report +TUR Turkey +TUTLA Totally Useless Three Letter Acronym +TUV Tuvalu +TV TeleVision +TV Transvestite +TV Tuvalu +TVA Tennessee Valley Authority +TVA Tennessee Valley Authority +TVI Television Interference +TVP Textured Vegetablec Protein +TVTWM Tom's Virtual TWM +TW Taiwan, Province Of China +TW Thieves' World +TWA Trans World Airlines +TWAIN Tool Without An Interesting Name +TWAIN Toolkit Without An Interesting Name +TWAS Third World Academy of Sciences +TWB Terrestrial WideBand +TWG The Wollongong Group +TWIMC To Whom It May Concern +TWM Tab Window Manager +TWM Tom's Window Manager +TWN Taiwan, Province Of China +TWP The Wacko Programmer +TWSTIAC The Tactical Warfare Simulation and Technology Information Analysis Center +TWT Traveling Wave Tube +TWTA Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier +TWTA Trveling Wave Tube Amplifier +TWX Teletypewriter Exchange Service +TX Texas +TX Transmit +TX Transuction +TXD Transmitted Data +TXID Transuction Identifier +TXT Text +TXT2STF Text To Structured File +TYPE Tug Your Pants Effectively +TZ United Republic Of Tanzania +TZA United Republic Of Tanzania +TerKko Terveystieteiden keskuskirjasto +U Universe +U micro +U unified atomic mass unit +U uranium +U-B Ungermann-Bass +U-I Universal-International +U.K United Kingdom +U.K. United Kingdom +U.N United Nations +U.N. United Nation +U.N. United Nations +U.S United States +U.S. Uncle Sam +U.S. United Savings +U.S. United Scientific +U.S. United States +U.S. United Steel +U.S. Universal Studios +U.S. University School +U.S. University of Sussex +U.S. Unlisted Securities +U.S. undesirable situation +U.S. unfriendly Seattlites +U.S. uptown sex +U.S. usual slackening +U.S.S.R. unable to spend its scarce resources +U/L universal/local +UA Ukraine +UA Ukrainian Ssr +UA United Artists +UA University of Antwerp +UA User Agent +UA User Area +UAB UNIX Appletalk Bridge +UAE United Arab Emerates +UAE United Arab Emirates +UAE Unrecoverable Application Error +UAE United Arab Emirates +UAE the United Arab Emirates +UAL United Air Lines +UAL United Airlines +UAP Union des Assurances de Paris +UAPA United Aerial Phenomenon Agency +UAPDU User Agent Protocol Data Unit +UAR United Arab Republic +UAR User Action Routine +UARS Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite +UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter +UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter +UAUG United Amstrad User Group +UAV Unmanned Air Vehicle +UAW UNITED AUTO WORKERS +UAW United Auto Workers +UAW United Auto Workers Union +UAW UNITED AUTO WORKERS +UAZ Sika-Kiikku Van +UB Ungermann-Bass +UB University of Bristol +UBA UniBus Adapter +UBC Universal Bibliographic Control +UBC University of British Columbia +UBM Unpressurized Berthing Mechanism +UBS Union Bank of Switzerland +UC University of California +UC University of Cincinnati +UC upper case +UCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric Research +UCB University of California at Berkeley +UCC Uniform Code Council +UCC Uniform Commercial Code +UCC Uniroyal Chemical Co. +UCC United Church of Christ +UCC University College Cork +UCC Uniroyal Chemical Co. +UCCB University College Of Cape Breton +UCD Uniform Call Distribution +UCD University College Dublin +UCD University of California at Davis +UCEA Universities and Colleges Employers Association +UCG University College Galway +UCI University of California at Irvine +UCL Underwater Sound Laboratory +UCL Universal Communications Language +UCL University College London +UCLA University of California Los Angeles +UCLA University of California at Los Angeles +UCNW University College of North Wales +UCOP University of California, Office of the President +UCR University of California at Riverside +UCS UCS User Coordinate System +UCS Universal Character Set +UCS University Computing Services +UCSB University of California at Santa Barbara +UCSC University of California at Santa Cruz +UCSD University of California at San Diego +UCSF University of California at San Francisco +UCT University of Cape Town +UCUDAL Universidad Catolica del Uruguay, Damaso Antonio Larranaga +UCW Union of Commnication Workers +UDAG Urban Development Action Grant +UDAG Urban Development Action Grant +UDAG Urban Development Action Grant +UDB Unified DataBase +UDC User Defined Commands +UDE Universal Data Exchange +UDF User Defined Functions +UDMH Unsymmetrical DiMethyl Hydrazine +UDP Usenet Death Penalty +UDP User Datagram Protocol +UDSSR Union Der Sovietischen Sozialistischen Republiken +UDT User Defined Type +UEA Universala Esperanto-Asocio +UEBP unusual estrogen-binding protein +UEBP unusual estrogen-binding protein +UEC User Environment Component +UEP United Egg Producers +UEP the United Egg Producers +UFF Ulster Freedom Fighters +UFL University of FLorida +UFN User Friendly Naming +UFO Unidentified Flying Object +UFOCCI UFO Contact Center International +UFOIL UFO Investigators League +UFOIRC UFO Information Retrieval Center +UFP United Federation of Planets +UFS Universal File System +UFS Unix File System +UG Micro-Grip +UG Uganda +UG User Group +UGA Uganda +UGC Uppsala General Catalog +UGF United Givers Fund +UGLi Undergraduate Library +UGS Unattended Ground Sensor +UH Upper Half +UH UH HUH +UHF Ultra High Frequency +UHU Ultramicroscopic Human Udders +UHV Ultra High Vacuum +UI Unix International +UI User Interface +UI User-Interface +UIA Universitaire instelling Antwerpen +UIC Union Internationale des Chemins-de-Fer +UIC United Industrial Corp. +UIC User Identification Code +UID Unique IDentifier +UID User IDentity +UID User Identifier +UIF Unemployment Insurance Fund +UIL User Interface Language +UIMS User Interface Management System +UIO Universitetet i Oslo +UIP User Interface Program +UIST User Interface Software and Technology +UIT Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope +UITP Universal Information Transport Plan +UIUC University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign +UJA UJA an organization, United Jewish Appeal +UK United Kingdom +UKC United Kennel Club +UKERNA United Kingdom Education and Research Networking Association +UKIRT United Kingdom Infra Red Telescope +UKIRT United Kingdom InfraRed Telescope +UKOLN UK Office for Library Networking +UKR Ukraine +UKR Ukrainian Ssr +UKST United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope +UL Underwriters Laboratories +UL Underwriters Laboratory +UL University of Limerick +UL Upload +ULA Uncommitted Logic Array +ULANA Unified LAN Architecture +ULANA Unified Local-Area Network Architecture +ULCC University of London Computing Centre +ULI Urban Land Institute +ULI Urban Land Institute +ULI the Urban Land Institute +ULN Universal Link Negotiation +ULSI Ultra Large Scale Integration +UM The University of Michigan +UM United States Minor Outlying Islands +UMA Universal Measurement Architecture +UMB Upper Memory Block +UMCP University of Maryland at College Park +UME UNI Management Entity +UMI United States Minor Outlying Islands +UMIS United Methodist Information System +UMIST University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology +UMNO United Malays National Organization +UMNO United Malays National Organization +UMNO the United Malays National Organization +UMOC Ugliest Man On Campus +UMP Union Management Pairs +UMS Universal Message System +UMT Universal Military Training +UMTS Universal Mobile Telephone Service +UMW United Mine Workers +UMW United Mine Workers +UMW the United Mine Workers +UMWA United Mine Workers of America +UN United Nations +UNAA Use No Acronyms or Abbreviations +UNAMIR United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda +UNB University of New Brunswick +UNC Universal Naming Convention +UNCC University of North Carolina at Charlotte +UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development +UNCHS United Nations Center for Human Settlements +UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law +UNCLE United Network Command Law Enforcement +UNCLE United Network Command for Law Enforcement +UNCOL Universal Computed Oriented Language +UNCTAD United Nations Committee on Trade and Development +UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade And Development +UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development +UNDOF United Nations Division Of Forces +UNDP United Nations Development Program +UNEP United Nations Environmental Programme +UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, & Cultural Organization +UNFPA United Nations Fund for Population Activities +UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees +UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees +UNI User Network Interface +UNICEF United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund +UNICOM Universal Integrated Communication +UNICOS Universal Compiler FORTRAN compatible +UNICS UNiplex Information Computer Services +UNIFIL United Nations International Forces In Lebanon +UNIS the UNIversity courses on Svalbard, arctic norway +UNISTAR UNIversal Single call Telecommunications Answering & Repair +UNIT United Nations Intelligence Taskforce +UNIVAC UNIversal Automatic Computer +UNM University of New Mexico +UNMA Unified Network Management Architecture +UNO United Nations Organization +UNPROFOR United Nations PROtective FORce +UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency +UNSW The University of New South Wales +UNSW University of New South Wales +UNSW University of South Wales +UNWR Union of North West Ravers +UP Union Pacific +UP Upper Peninsula +UPC Universal Product Code +UPC Usage Parameter Control +UPC universal products code +UPC universal products code +UPDS Uninterruptible Power Distribution System +UPI United Press International +UPL User Program Language +UPM Unix Programmer's Manual +UPM User Profile Management +UPN United Paramount Network +UPS UV induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy +UPS Uninterpretable Power Supply +UPS Uninterruptible Power System +UPS United Parcel Service +UPS United Parcel Service +UPV Universitat Politecnica de Valencia +UQAM Universite du Quebec a Montreal +UR University of Rochester +UREP UNIX-RSCS Emulation Program +UREP Unix RSCS Emulation Protocol +URI Universal Resource Identifier +URI University of Rhode Island +URL Uniform Resource Locator +URN Universal Resource Name +URY Uruguay +US Unit Separator +US United States +US United States of America +US United States of Europe +US US Sprint +USA U.S. Army +USA Union of South Africa +USA United States +USA United States of America +USAA United States Achievement Academy +USAC US Answer Center +USAC United States Auto Club +USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers +USACM-Net U.S. Association for Computational Mechanics Net +USACOM United States Atlantic COMmand +USAE-WES U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station +USAESOM US Army Element, School of Music +USAF United States Air Force +USAFA United States Air Force Academy +USAFE United States Air Forces in Europe +USAFR United States Air Force Reserve +USAFSS United States Air Force Security Service +USAID U.S. Agency for International Development +USAID US Agency for International Development +USAMRIID United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectous Diseases +USAMRIID United States Army Research Institute of Infectious Diseases +USAN University Satellite Network +USAR U.S. Army Reserve +USAREUR US ARmy, EURope +USAREUR United States Army Europe +USARMY Uncle Sam Ain't Released Me Yet +USART Universal Synchronous-Asynchronous Reciever/Transmitter +USASK University of Saskatchewan +USB Upper Side Band +USC United States Code +USC University of Southern California +USC University of Southern California +USCA United States Code, Annotated +USCF United States Cattle Food +USCF United States Chess Federation +USCG United States Coast Guard +USCGAUX United States Coast Guard Auxiliary +USD Underwriters Safety Device +USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture +USDA United States Department of Agriculture +USENET USEr's NETwork +USENET United States and Extraterrestrial News Elimination Tool +USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency +USERID User Identification +USES United States Employment Service +USF University of South Florida +USFL U.S. Football League +USFL United States Football League +USFS United States Forest Service +USG Unix Support Group +USGA United States Golf Association +USGPO United States Government Printing Office +USGS United States Geological Survey +USHGA United States Hang Gliding Association +USIA United States Information Agency +USIA The United States Information Agency +USIA United States Information Agency +USIJI United States Initiative on Joint Implementation +USITA United States Independent Telephone Association +USITT United States Institute for Theatre Technology +USL University of Southwestern Louisiana +USL Unix System Laboratories +USLP UNIX System Laboratories Pacific +USM United States Mail +USMA United States Military Academy +USMC U Signed the Motherfuckin' Contract +USMC Uncle Sam's Misguided Children +USMC United States Marine Corps +USMP United States Microgravity Payload +USN United States Navy +USNA United States Naval Academy +USNRC United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission +USO United Service Organizations +USO Universal Service Order +USO Unix Software Operation +USOC Universal Service Order Code +USOM United States Operations Mission +USP United States Pharmacopeia +USP United States Pharmacopoeia +USP Universal Sampling Plan +USPHS United States Public Health Service +USPS United States Postal Service +USPS United States Power Squadrons +USPTO United States Patent and Trademark Office +USQ Unsqueezed +USR US Robotics +USR US Robotics corporation +USR User Service Routines +USRT Universal Synchronous Receiver/Transmitter +USS U.S. steel +USS United States Ship +USS United States Swimming +USS United States Swimming Inc. +USSA User Supported Software Association +USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics +USSS United States Secret Service +USSS User Services and Systems Support +UST Underground Storage Tank +USTA United States Telephone Association +USTA United States Tennis Association +USTTA United States Travel and Tourism Administration +USVBA United States Volley Ball Association +USW Und So Weiter +USW United Steelworkers +USWA United SteelWorkers of America +USWC US West Communications +UT UTah +UT Universal Time +UT University of Texas +UT User Terminal +UTA United Talent Agency +UTARC University of Texas Amateur Radio Club +UTC Universal Coordinated Time +UTC Universal Time Coordinated +UTD Uniform geometrical Theory of Diffraction +UTE Union Technique de i"Electricite" +UTI Universal Text Interchange +UTLD United Telephone Long Distance +UTNET University of Texas Network +UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair +UTP Unshielded Twisted-Pair +UTP unshielded-twisted-pair +UTQGS Uniform Tire Quality Grading System +UTR UpTime Ratio +UTRS Under The Red Sky +UTSL Use The Source, Luke! +UTSL Use the Source, Luke +UU Uuencode/Uudecode +UUC Undernet Users Committee +UUCICO Unix to Unix Copy Incoming Copy Outgoing +UUCP UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program +UUE Unix-to-Unix Encoding +UUENCODE Unix to Unix ENCODE +UUG Unix User Group +UUI User-To-User Information +UUT Unit Under Test +UV UltraViolet +UVF Ulster Volunteer Force +UVS UltraViolet Spectrometer +UW UnderWriter +UW Univ of Wisconsin +UW University of Waterloo +UW University of Wisconsin +UWA University of Wales, Aberystwyth +UWB University of Wales Bangor +UWCSA University of Washington Computer Science Affiliates +UWM University of William and Mary +UWM University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee +UWS Ultrix Workstation Software +UY Uruguay +UZ Uzbekistan +UZB Uzbekistan +UdSSR Union Der Sozialistischen Soviet Republiken +UdSSR Union Der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken +UofA Univerisity of Arizona +Uwin Universities Water Information Network +V Vergeltungswaffe +V fiVe +V vanadium +V version +V versus +V volt +V volts +V&H Vertical and Horizontal +V&V Villains & Vigilantes +VA Vatican City State +VA Veterans Administration +VA Veterans Affairs +VA Virginia +VA Virtual Address +VA volt-amperes +VA volt-amps +VA Veterans Affairs +VA the Veterans Affairs +VAB Value Added Business +VAB Vehicle Assembly Building +VABIS Vagn Aktie Bolaget i Soedertaelje +VAC Virtual Address Cache +VAC Volts of Alternating Current +VAD Value Added Dealer +VADD Value Added Disk Driver +VADS Verdix Ada Development System +VAFB Vandenberg Air Force Base +VAL Value +VAL Voice Application 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Grenadines +VC Virtual Circuit +VCC Virtual Channel Connection +VCC Voltage +VCCI Volantary Control Council for Intersive +VCD Virtual Communications Driver +VCE Virtual Collaborative Environment +VCI Virtual Channel Identifier +VCM Voice Coil Motor +VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator +VCOE Virginia Center Of Excellence +VCPI Virtual Control Program Interface +VCR Video Cassette Recorder +VCR VideoCassette Recorder +VCS Virtual Circuit System +VCT Saint Vincent And The Grenadines +VCU Virginia Commonwealth University +VD Venereal Disease +VDB Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare +VDC Volts of Direct Current +VDD Virtual Device Driver +VDDM Virtual Device Driver Manager +VDE Verband Deutscher Electrotechniker +VDE Video Display Editor +VDFM Virtual Disk File Manager +VDG Value Dependence Graph +VDI Virtual Device Interface +VDISK Virtual Disk +VDM Vienna Development Method +VDM Virtual DOS Machine +VDM Virtual Device Metafile +VDOT Virginia Department of Transportation +VDS Virtual DMA Services +VDT Video Dialtone +VDT Video Display Terminal +VDU Video Display Unit +VDU Visual Display Unit +VE Value Engineering +VE Venezuela +VEB VolksEigener Betrieb +VEC Vancouver English Centre +VEEGA Venus-Earth-Earth Gravity Assist +VEEP Virtual Environment Education Project +VEGA Video-7 Enhanced Graphics Adapter +VEHC Virginia Extension Homemakers Council +VEHC Virginia Extension Homemakers Council +VEMM Virtual Expanded Memory Manager +VEN Venezuela +VER Verify +VERONICA Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Network-wide Index to Computerised Archives +VERR Verify Read Access +VERW Verify Write Access +VESA Video Electronics Standards Association +VEU Volume End User +VEX Video Extension to X +VF Vanity Fair +VF Video Frequency +VF Voice Frequency +VF Vanity Fair +VFD Vacuum Fluorescent Display +VFD Volunteer Fire Department +VFEA VMEbus Futurebus+ Extended Architecture +VFO Variable Frequency Oscillator +VFR Visual Flight Rules +VFS Virtual File System +VFW Veterans of Foreign Wars +VFW Volunteer Fire Department +VFY VeriFY +VG Very Good +VG Vicar-General +VG Virgin Islands +VG voice-grade +VGA Video Graphics Accelerator +VGA Video Graphics Array +VGA video graphics array +VGA video graphics array +VGB Virgin Islands +VGC Video Graphics Controller +VGF Voice Grade Facility +VGG Voltage gate to ground +VGI Virtual Graphics Interface +VGST Vereniging van Gereformeerde Studenten in Twente +VHD Video High Density +VHDL VHSIC Hardware Description Language +VHF Very High Frequency +VHS Very High Speed +VHS Video Home System +VHS Virtual Host Storage +VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuit +VI VIsual editor +VI Virgin Islands +VIABLE Vertical Installation Automation BaseLinE +VIC V.35 Interface Cable +VICA Vocational Industrial Clubs of America +VICNET Victoria's Network +VIDC VIDeo Controller +VIFRED VIsual FoRms EDitor +VILE VI Like Emacs +VILE VI-Like Emacs +VIM Vendor Independent Messaging +VINE Vine Is Not Emacs +VINES VIrtual NEtwork Software +VIO Video Input/Output 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Message Transaction Protocol +VN Viet Nam +VNF Virtual Network Feature +VNL Via Net Loss plan +VNLF Via Net Loss Factor +VNM Viet Nam +VNR video news release +VNR video news release +VNY Van Nuys CA +VOA Voice Of America +VOA Volunteers Of American +VOA Voice of America +VOC Volatile Organic Compound +VOC Volatile Organic Compounds +VOD Video on Demand +VODAS Voice Over Data Access Station +VOIDAX Voice Data Fax Modem from Interlink Electronics Australia +VOIR Venus Orbiting Imaging Radar +VOIS Voice-Operated Information System +VOL Volume +VOM Volt Ohm Meter +VOQ Visiting Officer's Quarters +VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range +VORT Very Ordinary Rendering Toolkit +VORTAC VOR + TACAN Very high frequency Omni Range TACtical air navigation +VOS Verbal Operating System +VOX Voice Operated Relay +VOX Voice Operated switch +VOX Voice Operated transfer +VP View Processor +VP Virtual President +VPC Virtual Path Connection +VPD Virtual Printer Device +VPDM Virtual Private Data Network +VPDS Virtual Private Data Service +VPF Vertical Processing Facility +VPI Virtual Path Identifier +VPI&SU Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University +VPISU Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University +VPN Virtual Private Network +VPP Velocity Prediction Program +VPRO Vrijzinnig Protestante Radio Omroep +VPRO Vrijzinnig-Protestantse Radio Omroep +VPS Video Programming System +VPT Virtual Path Terminator +VQ Vector Quantization +VQ Vocational Qualification +VR Variety Reduction +VR Virtual Reality +VR Voltage Regulator +VRAM Video Random Access Memory +VRC Vertical Redundancy Character +VRM Venus Radar Mapper +VRM Virtual Resource Manager +VRM Voice Recognition Module +VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language +VROOMM Virtual Real-time Object Oriented Memory Manager +VRS Voice Response System +VRTX Versatile Real-Time eXecutive +VRTX Virtual Real Time eXecutive +VRU Voice Response Unit +VS VAXStation +VS Virtual Storage +VSAM Virtual Sequential Access Method +VSAM Virtual Storage Access 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Tool +VUP Vax Unit of Performance +VUT Vanuatu +VV Villains & Vigilantes +VVSS Vertical Volute Spring Suspension +VW Volkswagen +VWB Visual WorkBench +VWS VAX Workstation Software +VXI VMEbus Extension for Instrumentation +Voxel VOlume ELement +W Wales +W Wednesday +W Welsh +W West +W Width +W watt +W week +W weeks +W wofram +W/ With +W/O Without +W3 World Wide Web +WA Washington +WA Western Australia +WABI Windows Application Binary Interface +WAC Women's Army Corps +WAC Womens Air Corps +WADC Wright Aeronautical Development Center +WADS Wide Area Data Service +WAEFRTFM When All Else Fails Read The Fucking Manual +WAFL Write Anywhere Filesystem Layout +WAG Wild Ass Guess +WAG Wild-Assed Guess +WAIS Wide Area Information Server +WAIS Wide Area Information Service +WAITS Wide Area Information Transfer System +WALGLA Western Australian Local Government Librarians Association +WALSTIB What a Long Strange Trip It's Been +WAMI Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho +WAN Wide Area Network 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Center +WCRP World Climate Research Program +WCS Writable Control Store +WCSU Western Connecticut State University +WCTU Women's Christian Temperance Union +WD White Dwarf +WD Working Draft +WDB world dollar base +WDB world dollar base +WDC Washington, District of Columbia +WDC Work Distribution Chart +WDI Walt Disney Imagineering +WDM Wavelength-Division Multiplexing +WDT Watch Dog Timer +WDW Walt Disney World +WECO Western Electric Company +WEEB Western European EDIFACT Board +WELL Whole Earth Lectronic Link +WEPN Worldwide Electronic Publishing Network Inc. +WEPN Worldwide Electronic Publishing Network, Inc. +WES US Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station +WETF Weightless Environment Training Facility +WETSU We Eat This Shit Up +WEU Western European Union +WF Wallis And Futuna Islands +WF Work Factor method +WFAD Work Force Adjustment Directive +WFC Wilson Foods Corp. +WFC Wilson Foods Corp. +WFE What Fucking Ever +WFO Wide Fucking Open +WFPC Wide Field / Planetary 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Washington Legal Foundation +WLF Washington Legal Foundation +WLF the Washington Legal Foundation +WLL Wireless Local Loop +WLN Western Library Network +WM Work Manager +WMO World Meteorological Organization +WMO World Meteorological Organization +WMSCR Weather Message Switching Center Replacement +WNIC Wide-Area Network Interface Co-Processor +WNIM Wide-Area Network Interface Module +WNN Watashi no Namae ha Nakajima desu. +WNT Windows New Technology +WO Write Only +WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment +WOFTAM Waste Of Fucking Time And Money +WOLOGOMBA WithOut Loss Of Generality, One May Be Assured that +WOM Write Only Memory +WOMBAT Waste Of Money, Brains, And Time +WOP WithOut Papers +WOPR War Operations Planned Response +WORM Write Once, Read Many times +WOSA Windows Open Services Architecture +WOSA Windows Open Systems Architecture +WOTAN WOrkstations der Technischen Universitaet Berlin Am Netz +WOTC Wizards Of The Coast +WOW Worlds of Wonder +WP Word Processing +WP WordPerfect 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+ZIP Zone Improvement Plan +ZIP Zone Information Protocol +ZK barrage balloon +ZLW Ziv-Lempel-Welch +ZM Zambia +ZMB Zambia +ZMR zone-melt recrystallization +ZMR zone-melt recrystallization +ZMRI Zinc Metals Research Institute +ZOE Zinc Oxide-Eugenol +ZPG Zero Population Growth +ZPRSN Zurich Provisional Relative Sunspot Number +ZR Zaire +ZSL Zero Slot LAN +ZST Zone Standard Time +ZT Zone Time +ZW Zimbabwe +ZWE Zimbabwe +ZWEI Zwei Was Eine Initially +dB Decibel +dBA Adjusted Decibel +eV eingetragener Verein +gflop Giga FLOating Point operations +iAPX Intel Advanced Processor Architecture +iCOMP Intel Comparative Microprocessor +kHz Kilohertz +mA Milliampere +mAh Milliampere-Hour +mV Millivolt +tGp the Goldsmiths playlist +uITRON Micro Industrial TRON +vBNS Very high speed Backbone Network Services diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/muc/LDC2003T13.sgml b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/muc/LDC2003T13.sgml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e2cd34b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/muc/LDC2003T13.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + + 891102-0110. + MartinMarrietta +

= 891102
+ 891102-0110. + International: +@ U.S. to Prod Tokyo on Easing Investment +@ --- +@ Japanese Purchases Add +@ To Cries of Unfair Barriers +@ ---- +@ By Marcus W. Brauchli +@ Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal +
11/02/89
+ WALL STREET JOURNAL (J) + JAPAN + INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC NEWS AND STATISTICS (IEN) +TENDER OFFERS, MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS (TNM) + TREASURY DEPARTMENT (TRE) +COMMERCE DEPARTMENT (COM) + TOKYO + +

+ Criticism in the U.S. over recent Japanese acquisitions is looming ever larger in the two countries' relations. +

+

+ Officials from both nations say the U.S. public's skittishness about Japanese investment could color a second round of bilateral economic talks scheduled for next week in Washington. + Not that Washington and Tokyo disagree on the Japanese acquisitions; indeed, each has come out in favor of unfettered investment in the U.S. +

+

+ Where they disagree is on the subject of U.S. direct investment in Japan. + The U.S. wants the removal of what it perceives as barriers to investment; Japan denies there are real barriers. + The heated talk stirred up by recent Japanese investments in the U.S. is focusing attention on the differences in investment climate, even though it's only one of many subjects to be covered in the bilateral talks, known as the Structural Impediments Initiative. +

+

+ The Japanese "should see this rhetoric as a signal of the need for a change in their own economy," says Charles Dallara, U.S. assistant Treasury secretary, who has been in Tokyo this week informally discussing the impending negotiations with government and business leaders. +

+

+ "We have a long history of maintaining an open direct-investment policy," Mr. Dallara says. + "U.S. investors should have a greater opportunity at direct investment" in Japan. +

+

+ The Japanese fret openly about the U.S. public's rancor. + One clear sign of Japan's nervousness came this week, when a spokesman for Japan's Foreign Ministry devoted nearly all of a regular, half-hour briefing for foreign journalists to the subject of recent Japanese investments in the U.S. +

+

+ "We believe that it is vitally important for those Japanese business interests {in the U.S.} to be more aware of the emotions and concerns of the American people," said the spokesman, Taizo Watanabe. + At the same time, though, he chastised the media for paying such close attention to Japanese investment when other foreign countries, notably Britain, are acquiring more American assets. +

+

+ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/training-test.txt b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/training-test.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c97794b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/opennlp-coref/src/test/resources/models/training/coref/training-test.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (NNS People) )(VP (VBP are) (RB n't) (VP (VBG panicking) ))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (DT The) (NN test) )(VP (MD may) (VP (VB come) (NP-TMP (NN today) )))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NNP Friday) (POS 's) )(NN stock) (NN market) (NN sell-off) )(VP (VBD came) (ADVP-TMP (RB too) (RB late) (SBAR (IN for) (S (NP-SBJ (JJ many) (NNS investors) )(VP (TO to) (VP (VB act) ))))))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (DT Some) (NNS shareholders) )(VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN held) (PRT (RP off) )(PP-TMP (IN until) (NP (NN today) ))(SBAR-PRP (IN because) (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT any) (NN fund) (NNS exchanges) )(VP (VBN made) (NP (-NONE- *) )(PP-TMP (IN after) (NP (NP (NNP Friday) (POS 's) )(NN close) ))))(VP (MD would) (VP (VB take) (NP (NN place) )(PP (IN at) (NP (NP (NN today) (POS 's) )(NN closing) (NNS prices) ))))))))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NN Stock) (NN fund) (NNS redemptions) )(PP-TMP (IN during) (NP (DT the) (CD 1987) (NN debacle) ))(VP (VBD did) (RB n't) (VP (VB begin) (S (NP-SBJ (-NONE- *-1) )(VP (TO to) (VP (VB snowball) )))(PP-TMP (IN until) (SBAR (IN after) (S (NP-SBJ (DT the) (NN market) )(VP (VBD opened) (PP-TMP (IN on) (NP (NNP Black) (NNP Monday) ))))))))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (CC But) (NP-SBJ (NN fund) (NNS managers) )(VP (VBP say) (SBAR (-NONE- 0) (S (NP-SBJ (PRP they) )(VP (VBP 're) (ADJP-PRD (JJ ready) )))))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (JJ Many) )(VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN raised) (NP (NP (NN cash) (NNS levels) )(, ,) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WDT which) )(S (NP-SBJ (-NONE- *T*-1) )(VP (VBP act) (PP-CLR (IN as) (NP (DT a) (NN buffer) ))(PP (IN against) (NP (JJ steep) (NN market) (NNS declines) ))))))))(. .) )) +(TOP (S (NP-SBJ (NP#1 (PP He)) (VP (VBZ thinks)) (NP#2 (NN Mary)) (VP (VBD saw)) (NP#3 (DET the) (NN cat)) (VP (VB sit) (PP (IN on) (NP#4 (DT the) (NN mat)))))(. .) )) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml index 2c98b134..f6f08cfb 100644 --- a/pom.xml +++ b/pom.xml @@ -461,6 +461,7 @@ **/src/main/java/opennlp/tools/similarity/apps/gen.txt **/src/test/resources/models/coref/en/acronyms + **/src/test/resources/models/training/acronyms **/src/test/resources/models/coref/en/gen.fem **/src/test/resources/models/coref/en/gen.mas