-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 44
/
bfo_classes_only.owl
1717 lines (1477 loc) · 154 KB
/
bfo_classes_only.owl
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl#"
xml:base="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
xmlns:obo="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/"
xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:terms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl">
<owl:versionIRI rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2019-08-26/bfo.owl"/>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: BFO does not claim to provide complete coverage of entities of all types. It seeks only to provide coverage of those entities studied by empirical science together with those entities which affect or are involved in human activities such as data processing and planning - coverage that is sufficiently broad to provide assistance to those engaged in building domain ontologies for purposes of data annotation.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116>BFO 2 Reference: BFO's treatment of continuants and occurrents - as also its treatment of regions, rests on a dichotomy between space and time, and on the view that there are two perspectives on reality - earlier called the 'SNAP' and 'SPAN' perspectives, both of which are essential to the non-reductionist representation of reality as we understand it from the best available science.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116>BFO 2 Reference: For both terms and relational expressions in BFO, we distinguish between primitive and defined. 'Entity' is an example of a primitive term. Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms that are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<terms:title>Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) 2.0</terms:title>
<terms:description>BFO 2.0 implemented in the Web Ontology Language (OWL 2) with direct semantics.</terms:description>
<dc:contributor>Alan Ruttenberg</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Albert Goldfain</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Barry Smith</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Bill Duncan</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Bjoern Peters</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Chris Mungall</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>David Osumi-Sutherland</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Fabian Neuhaus</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Holger Stenzhorn</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>James A. Overton</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Janna Hastings</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Jie Zheng</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Jonathan Bona</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Larry Hunter</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Leonard Jacuzzo</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Ludger Jansen</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Mark Ressler</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Mathias Brochhausen</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Mauricio Almeida</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Melanie Courtot</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Pierre Grenon</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Randall Dipert</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Ron Rudnicki</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Selja Seppälä</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Stefan Schulz</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Thomas Bittner</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Werner Ceusters</dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor>Yongqun "Oliver" He</dc:contributor>
<terms:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"/>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">Please see the project site https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO, the bfo2 owl discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-owl-devel, the bfo2 discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-devel, the tracking google doc http://goo.gl/IlrEE, and the current version of the bfo2 reference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo2-reference.docx. This ontology is generated from a specification at https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/ontology/owl-group/specification/ and with the code that generates the OWL version in https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/tools/. A very early version of BFO version 2 in CLIF is at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo.clif.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">The BSD license on the BFO project site refers to code used to build BFO.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:comment>This BFO 2.0 version represents a major update to BFO and is not strictly backwards compatible with BFO 1.1. The previous OWL version of BFO, version 1.1.1 will remain available at http://ifomis.org/bfo/1.1 and will no longer be updated. The BFO 2.0 OWL is a classes-only specification. The incorporation of core relations has been held over for a later version.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo.clif"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/ontology/owl-group/specification/"/>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-devel"/>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss"/>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-owl-devel"/>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/owl"/>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/tools/"/>
<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://basic-formal-ontology.org/"/>
<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://ifomis.org/bfo"/>
<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO"/>
<foaf:mbox rdf:resource="mailto:[email protected]"/>
</owl:Ontology>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Annotation properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000179 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000179">
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000232 xml:lang="en">Really of interest to developers only</obo:IAO_0000232>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">BFO OWL specification label</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000180 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000180">
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000119>Person:Alan Ruttenberg</obo:IAO_0000119>
<obo:IAO_0000232 xml:lang="en">Really of interest to developers only</obo:IAO_0000232>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">BFO CLIF specification label</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000111 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000111">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">editor preferred term</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000112 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000112">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">example of usage</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">definition</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">editor note</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000117 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000117">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">term editor</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000118 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000118">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">alternative term</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000119 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000119">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">definition source</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000232 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000232">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">curator note</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000412 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000412">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">imported from</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">elucidation</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has associated axiom(nl)</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has associated axiom(fol)</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has axiom label</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor"/>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/member -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/member"/>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/license -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/license"/>
<!-- http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy"/>
<!-- http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso"/>
<!-- http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage"/>
<!-- http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox"/>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>entity</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Entity</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">Julius Caesar</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">Verdi’s Requiem</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the Second World War</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">your body mass index</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">entity</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004"/>
<rdfs:comment>per discussion with Barry Smith</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>continuant</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Continuant</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">continuant</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>occurrent</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Occurrent</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116>Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">occurrent</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000006"/>
<rdfs:comment>per discussion with Barry Smith</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000012"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/077-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>ic</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>IndependentContinuant</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a chair</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a heart</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a leg</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a molecule</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a spatial region</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">an atom</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">an orchestra.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">an organism</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the bottom right portion of a human torso</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the interior of your mouth</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">independent continuant</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>s-region</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>SpatialRegion</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">spatial region</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000002"/>
<rdfs:comment>per discussion with Barry Smith</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000035"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>t-region</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>TemporalRegion</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">temporal region</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000003"/>
<rdfs:comment>per discussion with Barry Smith</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000028"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>2d-s-region</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">an infinitely thin plane in space.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">two-dimensional spatial region</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>st-region</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>SpatiotemporalRegion</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">spatiotemporal region</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>process</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Process</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a process of meiosis</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">a process of sleeping</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the course of a disease</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the flight of a bird</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the life of an organism</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">your process of aging.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">process</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>disposition</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Disposition</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">disposition</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>realizable</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>RealizableEntity</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the disposition of your blood to coagulate</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the function of your reproductive organs</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of being a doctor</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">realizable entity</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000028"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>0d-s-region</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">zero-dimensional spatial region</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>quality</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Quality</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the ambient temperature of this portion of air</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the color of a tomato</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the length of the circumference of your waist</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the mass of this piece of gold.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the shape of your nose</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the shape of your nostril</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000600 xml:lang="en">a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])</obo:IAO_0000600>
<obo:IAO_0000601 xml:lang="en">If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])</obo:IAO_0000601>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">quality</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000600"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000601"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>sdc</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>SpecificallyDependentContinuant</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the disposition of this fish to decay</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the function of this heart: to pump blood</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of being a doctor</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the shape of this hole.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the smell of this portion of mozzarella</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000602>(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] </obo:IAO_0000602>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">specifically dependent continuant</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget xml:lang="en">Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.</owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005"/>
<rdfs:comment>per discussion with Barry Smith</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Axiom>
<owl:Axiom>
<owl:annotatedSource rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020"/>
<owl:annotatedProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000602"/>
<owl:annotatedTarget>(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] </owl:annotatedTarget>
<obo:IAO_0010000 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"/>
</owl:Axiom>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017"/>
<obo:BFO_0000179>role</obo:BFO_0000179>
<obo:BFO_0000180>Role</obo:BFO_0000180>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the priest role</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of a building in serving as a military target</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of a stone in marking a property boundary</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the role of subject in a clinical trial</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">the student role</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.</obo:IAO_0000116>